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Bothriechis
''Bothriechis'' is a genus of pit vipers, commonly called palm vipersJohn M. Mehrtens, Mehrtens JM (1987). ''Living Snakes of the World in Color''. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . or palm-pit vipersCampbell JA, species:William W. Lamar, Lamar WW (2004). ''The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. 870 pp., 1,500 plates. . found predominantly in Mexico and Central America. All members are relatively slender and arboreal. The name ''Bothriechis'' is derived from the Greek language, Greek words ''bothros'' and ''echis'' that mean "pit" and "viper" respectively. Ten species and no subspecies are currently generally recognized. Description Species that belong to the genus ''Bothriechis'' typically reach a total length (tail included) of , while ''Bothriechis aurifer, B. aurifer'', ''Bothriechis bicolor, B. bicolor'' and ''Bothriechis lateralis, B. lateralis'' are known to grow to a total length of or m ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothriechis Schlegelii
''Bothriechis schlegelii'', known commonly as the highland eyelash-pitviper, Schlegel's eyelash-pitviper, or eyelash viper, is a species of pit viper in the family Viperidae, native to Colombia. Somewhat small, arboreal snakes, ''B. schlegelii'' is perhaps best known for the namesake superciliary ("eyelash") scales above its eyes, and for having distinctly keeled or "raised" scales covering the bulk of its body. The species is also known for producing a veritable rainbow of color forms ( morphs). It is the most common of the green palm-pitvipers (genus ''Bothriechis''), and is often present in zoological exhibits, owing to its general hardiness. The specific name ''schlegelii'' honors Hermann Schlegel, who was a German ornithologist and herpetologist. For other common names, see below. No subspecies are currently recognized as being valid. Description The eyelash viper is a relatively small species of pitviper, with adults ranging from long, and females being longer and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothriechis Bicolor
:''Common names: Guatemalan palm-pit viper,Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . Guatemalan tree viper.Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. .'' ''Bothriechis bicolor'' is a pit viper species found in southern Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras. The specific name refers to the contrasting ventral and dorsal colors. No subspecies are currently recognized. Description Adults are usually in length, but may reach , and the body is relatively slender. The color pattern consists of a green or bluish green ground color. Usually this is without any pattern, but sometimes specimens from Mexico have black flecks and dots and/or blue blotches. The dorsum of the head is a uniform green without any postocular stripe. The interstitial skin is often blue, which can also be true for the borders of some scales. The bell ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bothriechis Lateralis
:''Common names: side-striped palm pitviper side-striped palm viper, a . Accessed 27 November 2006. more.'' ''Bothriechis lateralis'' is a found in the mountains of and western |
Bothriechis Aurifer
:''Common names: yellow-blotched palm-pitviper,Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. 2 volumes. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . Guatemalan palm viper.Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. .'' ''Bothriechis aurifer'' is a pit viper species found in Mexico and Guatemala. No subspecies are currently recognized. Description Adults generally grow to less than in length, but sometimes to over . The body is relatively slender with a prehensile tail. The scalation includes 1–5 intersupraocular scales, 8–12 supralabials, 9–13 infralabials and 18–21 (mode 19) rows of dorsal scales at midbody. The second supralabial is fused with the prelacunal to form a lacunolabial and the interrictals number 16–21. Males have 148–167 ventral scales and 58–64 subcaudals (mostly undivided), while females have 152–162 ventrals and 48–61 subcaudal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Black-speckled Palm-pitviper
''Bothriechis nigroviridis'' is a pit viper species found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. No subspecies are currently recognized. The specific name is derived from the Latin ''niger'' (black) and ''viridis'' (green) in reference to its distinctive color pattern. Common names Black-speckled palm-pit viper,Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. . speckled palm viper,Mehrtens JM. 1987. Living Snakes of the World in Color. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . black-spotted palm viper, yellow-spotted palm viper.U.S. Navy. 1991. Poisonous Snakes of the World. US Govt. New York: Dover Publications Inc. 203 pp. . Description Adults may exceed , although most are less than in length. They are relatively slender and have a prehensile tail. Two exceptionally large females were reported by Hammack and Antonio (1991) that measured and . The color pattern usually con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Osbert Salvin
Osbert Salvin (25 February 1835 – 1 June 1898) was an English natural history, naturalist, Ornithology, ornithologist, and Herpetology, herpetologist best known for co-authoring ''Biologia Centrali-Americana'' (1879–1915) with Frederick DuCane Godman. This was a 52-volume encyclopedia on the natural history of Central America. Biography Osbert Salvin was born in Finchley, north London, the second son of the architect Anthony Salvin, of Hawksfold, Sussex. He was educated at Westminster School and Trinity Hall, Cambridge, taking his degree in 1857. Shortly afterwards he accompanied his second cousin by marriage, Henry Baker Tristram, in a natural history exploration of Tunisia and eastern Algeria. Their account of this trip was published in ''Ibis (journal), The Ibis'' in 1859 and 1860. In the autumn of 1857, he made the first of several visits to Guatemala, returning there with Frederick DuCane Godman in 1861. It was during this journey that the ''Biologia Centrali-Americana ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pit Viper
The Crotalinae, commonly known as pit vipers,Mehrtens JM (1987). ''Living Snakes of the World in Color''. New York: Sterling Publishers. 480 pp. . or pit adders, are a subfamily (biology), subfamily of Viperidae, vipers found in Asia and the Americas. Like all other vipers, they are venomous snake, venomous. They are distinguished by the presence of a Infrared sensing in snakes, heat-sensing pit organ located between the eye and the nostril on both sides of the head. Currently, 23 genus, genera and 155 species are recognized: These are also the only Viperidae, viperids found in the Americas. The groups of snakes represented here include rattlesnakes, Bothrops, lanceheads, and Trimeresurus, Asian pit vipers. The type genus for this subfamily is ''Crotalus'', of which the type species is the timber rattlesnake, ''C. horridus''. These snakes range in size from the diminutive hump-nosed viper, ''Hypnale hypnale'', that grows to a typical total length (including tail) of only , to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rostral Scale
The rostral scale, or rostral, in snakes and other scaled reptiles is the median plate on the tip of the snout that borders the mouth opening. Wright AH, Wright AA (1957). ''Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada''. Ithaca and London: Comstock Publishing Associates. (7th printing, 1985). 1,105 pp. (in two volumes). . It corresponds to the mental scale in the lower jaw. The term pertains to the rostrum, or nose. In snakes, the shape and size of this scale is one of many characteristics used to differentiate species from one another. Related scales * Nasorostral scale * Mental scale *Labial scales See also * Snake scales *Anatomical terms of location Standard anatomical terms of location are used to describe unambiguously the anatomy of humans and other animals. The terms, typically derived from Latin or Greek roots, describe something in its standard anatomical position. This position pr ... References {{Reflist Snake scales ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hemotoxic
Haemotoxins, hemotoxins or hematotoxins are toxins that destroy red blood cells, disrupt blood clotting, and/or cause organ degeneration and generalized tissue damage. The term ''haemotoxin'' is to some degree a misnomer since toxins that damage the blood also damage other tissues. Injury from a haemotoxic agent is often very painful and can cause permanent damage and in severe cases death. Loss of an affected limb is possible even with prompt treatment. Haemotoxins are frequently employed by venomous animals, including snakes (vipers and pit vipers) and spiders ( brown recluse). Animal venoms contain enzymes and other proteins that are haemotoxic or neurotoxic or occasionally both (as in the Mojave rattlesnake, the Japanese mamushi, and similar species). In addition to killing the prey, part of the function of a haemotoxic venom for some animals is to aid digestion. The venom breaks down protein in the region of the bite, making prey easier to digest. The process by which a h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Venom (poison)
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a stinger, in a process called '' envenomation''. Venom is often distinguished from ''poison'', which is a toxin that is passively delivered by being ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and '' toxungen'', which is actively transferred to the external surface of another animal via a physical delivery mechanism. Venom has evolved in terrestrial and marine environments and in a wide variety of animals: both predators and prey, and both vertebrates and invertebrates. Venoms kill through the action of at least four major classes of toxin, namely necrotoxins and cytotoxins, which kill cells; neurotoxins, which affect nervous systems; myotoxins, which damage muscles; and haemotoxins, which disrupt blood clotting. Venomous animals ca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
