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Boeing 777X
The Boeing 777X is the latest series of the Long-haul, long-range, Wide-body aircraft, wide-body, Twinjet, twin-engine jetliners in the Boeing 777 family from Boeing Commercial Airplanes. The changes for 777X include General Electric GE9X engines, composite material, composite wings with folding wingtips, greater cabin width and seating capacity, and technologies from the Boeing 787. The 777X was launched in November 2013 with two variants: the 777-8 and the 777-9. The 777-8 provides seating for 395 passengers and has a range of while the 777-9 has seating for 426 passengers and a range of over . The 777X program was proposed in the early 2010s with assembly at the Boeing Everett Factory and the wings built at a new adjacent building. , there are List of Boeing 777X orders and deliveries, 503 total orders for the 777X passenger and freighter versions from 12 customers. The 777-9 first flew on January 25, 2020. Deliveries have been delayed multiple times, with the earliest plan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
WikiProject Aircraft
A WikiProject, or Wikiproject, is an affinity group for contributors with shared goals within the Wikimedia movement. WikiProjects are prevalent within the largest wiki, Wikipedia, and exist to varying degrees within Wikimedia project, sibling projects such as Wiktionary, Wikiquote, Wikidata, and Wikisource. They also exist in different languages, and translation of articles is a form of their collaboration. During the COVID-19 pandemic, CBS News noted the role of Wikipedia's WikiProject Medicine in maintaining the accuracy of articles related to the disease. Another WikiProject that has drawn attention is WikiProject Women Scientists, which was profiled by ''Smithsonian Magazine, Smithsonian'' for its efforts to improve coverage of women scientists which the profile noted had "helped increase the number of female scientists on Wikipedia from around 1,600 to over 5,000". On Wikipedia Some Wikipedia WikiProjects are substantial enough to engage in cooperative activities with outsi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carbon-fiber-reinforced Polymer
Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (American English), carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers ( Commonwealth English), carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, carbon-fiber reinforced-thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP), also known as carbon fiber, carbon composite, or just carbon, are extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastics that contain carbon fibers. CFRPs can be expensive to produce, but are commonly used wherever high strength-to-weight ratio and stiffness (rigidity) are required, such as aerospace, superstructures of ships, automotive, civil engineering, sports equipment, and an increasing number of consumer and technical applications. The binding polymer is often a thermoset resin such as epoxy, but other thermoset or thermoplastic polymers, such as polyester, vinyl ester, or nylon, are sometimes used. The properties of the final CFRP product can be affected by the type of additives introduced to the binding matrix (resin). The most common additive is silica, but other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
PW1000G
The Pratt & Whitney PW1000G family, also marketed as the Pratt & Whitney GTF (geared turbofan), is a family of high-bypass geared turbofan engines produced by Pratt & Whitney. The various models can generate 15,000 to 33,000 Pound (force), pounds-force (67 to 147 Newton (unit), kilonewtons) of thrust. As of 2025, they are used on the Airbus A220, Airbus A320neo family, and Embraer E-Jet E2. They were also used on new Yakovlev MC-21, Yakovlev MC-21s until exports to Russia were stopped as part of the International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, international sanctions during the invasion of Ukraine. Following years of development and testing on various demonstrators, the program officially launched in 2008 with the PW1200G destined for the later-canceled Mitsubishi SpaceJet. The first successful flight test occurred later that year. The PW1500G variant, designed for the A220, became the first certified engine in 2013. P&W is estimated to have spent $10 billion to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pratt & Whitney
Pratt & Whitney is an American aerospace manufacturer with global service operations. It is a subsidiary of RTX Corporation (formerly Raytheon Technologies). Pratt & Whitney's aircraft engines are widely used in both civil aviation (especially airliners) and military aviation. Its headquarters are in East Hartford, Connecticut.Contact Us ." Pratt & Whitney. Retrieved on January 7, 2011. "Corporate Headquarters Pratt & Whitney 400 Main Street East Hartford, CT 06108." The company is the world's second largest commercial aircraft engine manufacturer, with a 35% market share . In addition to aircraft engines, Pratt & Whitney manufactures gas turbine engines for industrial use, marine propulsion, and [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trent 1000
The Rolls-Royce Trent 1000 is a high-bypass turbofan engine produced by Rolls-Royce, one of the two engine options for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, competing with the General Electric GEnx. It first ran on 14 February 2006 and first flew on 18 June 2007 before a joint EASA/FAA certification on 7 August 2007 and entered service on 26 October 2011. Corrosion-related fatigue cracking of intermediate pressure (IP) turbine blades was discovered in early 2016, grounding up to 44 aircraft and costing Rolls-Royce at least £1.3 billion. The engine has a bypass ratio over 10:1, a fan and keeps the characteristic three-spool layout of the Trent series. The updated Trent 1000 TEN with technology from the Trent XWB and the Advance3 aims for up to 3% better fuel burn. It first ran in mid-2014, was EASA certified in July 2016, first flew on a 787 on 7 December 2016 and was introduced on 23 November 2017. By early 2018 it had a % market share of the decided order book. The Rolls-Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trent 800
The Rolls-Royce Trent 800 is a high-bypass turbofan produced by Rolls-Royce plc, one of the engine options for the first-generation Boeing 777 variants, also known as 777 Classics. Launched in September 1991, it first ran in September 1993, was granted EASA certification on 27 January 1995, and entered service in 1996. It reached a 40% market share, ahead of the competing PW4000 and GE90, and the last Trent 800-powered 777 was delivered in 2010. The Trent 800 has the Trent family three shaft architecture, with a fan. With a 6.4:1 bypass ratio and an overall pressure ratio reaching 40.7:1, it generates up to of thrust. Development By 1990, as Boeing was studying the enlarged 767-X, Rolls-Royce was proposing its Trent engine with a larger fan driven by a new, bigger LP turbine, a modified IP compressor and no exhaust mixer. It would attain , to be certified in early 1995 for a mid-1995 introduction, with growth potential to with a new HP core. Certification was appli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bypass Ratio
The bypass ratio (BPR) of a turbofan engine is the ratio between the mass flow rate of the bypass stream to the mass flow rate entering the core. A 10:1 bypass ratio, for example, means that 10 kg of air passes through the bypass duct for every 1 kg of air passing through the core. Turbofan engines are usually described in terms of BPR, which together with engine pressure ratio, turbine inlet temperature and fan pressure ratio are important design parameters. In addition, BPR is quoted for turboprop and unducted fan installations because their high propulsive efficiency gives them the overall efficiency characteristics of very high bypass turbofans. This allows them to be shown together with turbofans on plots which show trends of reducing specific fuel consumption (SFC) with increasing BPR. BPR is also quoted for lift fan installations where the fan airflow is remote from the engine and doesn't physically touch the engine core. Bypass provides a lower fuel consumption ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rolls-Royce Plc
Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is a British multinational aerospace and defence company incorporated in February 2011. The company owns Rolls-Royce, a business established in 1904 which today designs, manufactures and distributes power systems for aviation and other industries. Rolls-Royce is the world's second-largest maker of aircraft engines (after CFM International) and has major businesses in the marine propulsion and energy sectors. Rolls-Royce was the world's 16th largest defence contractor in 2018 when measured by defence revenues. The company is also the world's fourth largest commercial aircraft engine manufacturer, with a 12% market share . Rolls-Royce Holdings plc is listed on the London Stock Exchange, where it is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. At the close of London trading on 11 February 2025, the company had a market capitalisation of £52.66bn, the 11th-largest of any company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange. The company's registered o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Overall Pressure Ratio
In aeronautical engineering, overall pressure ratio, or overall compression ratio, is the amount of times the pressure increases due to ram compression and the work done by the compressor stages. The compressor pressure ratio is the ratio of the stagnation pressures at the front and rear of the compressor of a gas turbine. Overall pressure ratio in a high-bypass turbofan is a function of inlet pressure ratio and compressor pressure ratio: OPR = IPR \times CPR The terms ''compression ratio'' and ''pressure ratio'' are used interchangeably. Advantages of high overall pressure ratios As can be seen in the formula for maximum theoretical thermal efficiency in an ideal Brayton cycle engine, a high pressure ratio leads to higher thermal efficiency: \eta = 1-\left(\frac\right) where PR is the pressure ratio and gamma the heat capacity ratio of the fluid, 1.4 for air. Keep in mind that pressure ratio scales exponentially with the number of compressor stages. Imagine a gas turbin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
General Electric GE90
The General Electric GE90 is a family of High-bypass turbofan engine, high-bypass turbofan aircraft engines built by GE Aerospace for the Boeing 777, with thrust ratings from . It entered service with British Airways in November 1995. It is one of three engines for the 777-200 and -200ER, and the exclusive engine of the -200LR, -300ER, and 777F. It was the largest jet engine, until being surpassed in January 2020 by its successor, the General Electric GE9X, GE9X, which has a larger fan diameter by . However, the GE90-115B, the most recent variant of the GE90, is rated for a higher thrust (115,000 lbs) than the GE9X. Background In the early 1980s, GE began to develop an unducted fan (UDF) engine, which was thought to be a more fuel-efficient option to propel short-haul airliners, a compelling proposition after the 1979 oil crisis. NASA gave GE a grant in February 1984 to continue its research, eventually building the experimental General Electric GE36, GE36. One of the major inn ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Airbus A380
The Airbus A380 is a very large wide-body airliner, developed and produced by Airbus until 2021. It is the world's largest passenger airliner and the only full-length double-deck jet airliner. Airbus studies started in 1988, and the project was announced in 1990 to challenge the dominance of the Boeing 747 in the long-haul market. The then-designated A3XX project was presented in 1994 and Airbus launched the €–billion ($10.7–billion) A380 programme on 19 December 2000. The first prototype was unveiled in Toulouse, France on 18 January 2005, commencing its first flight on 27 April 2005. It then obtained its type certificate from the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on 12 December 2006. Due to difficulties with the electrical wiring, the initial production was delayed by two years and the development costs almost doubled. It was first delivered to Singapore Airlines on 15 October 2007 and entered service on 2 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Boeing 747-8
The Boeing 747-8 is the final series of the large, long-range wide-body airliners in the Boeing 747 family from Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It is the largest model variant of the 747 and Boeing's largest aircraft overall. Following the introduction of the 747-400, Boeing explored larger 747 versions as potential competitors to the proposed double-deck Airbus A3XX, later developed as the Airbus A380. The stretched aircraft, initially called the ''747 Advanced'' was officially launched as the 747-8 on November 14, 2005, with the designation reflecting its technological ties to the 787 Dreamliner. At the time, Boeing forecasted a market of 300 aircraft. The 747-8's maiden flight was made by the freighter version, the 747-8F, on February 8, 2010, followed by the passenger version, the 747-8I Intercontinental, on March 20, 2011. The freighter version was delivered in October 2011, and the passenger variant entered commercial service in June 2012. The aircraft's fuselage was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
