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Blood Oath (Hungarians)
The blood oath (Hungarian: ''vérszerződés,'' lit. "blood contract") was, according to tradition, a pact among the leaders of the seven Hungarian tribes, traditionally held to be the first, unwritten constitution of the Hungarian nation. Its story, along with the terms agreed upon in it, is mostly known from the somewhat unreliable ''Gesta Hungarorum,'' a chronicle written between 1196–1203 and is thus possibly influenced by 12th century laws and customs. The oath was sealed by the seven leaders – Álmos, Előd, Ond, Kond, Tas, Huba and Töhötöm – by cutting their arms and letting their blood into a chalice. Becoming blood brothers is likely to have been used traditionally to seal exceptionally strong oaths, and there must have been several similar oaths, but the phrase "blood oath" usually refers to the one by the seven leaders. In the ''Gesta Hungarorum'' The blood oath is usually regarded to have taken place in the 9th century, under High Prince Álmos, in Et ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Székely Bertalan Vérszerződés
Székely may refer to: *Székelys, Hungarian people from the historical region of Transylvania, Romania **Székely Land, historic and ethnographic area in Transylvania, Romania * Székely (village), a village in northeastern Hungary * Székely (surname) * Szekely Aircraft Engine * György Dózsa György Dózsa (or ''György Székely'', Romanian: ''Gheorghe Doja''; – 20 July 1514) was a Székely man-at-arms from Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary who led a peasants' revolt against the kingdom's landed nobility during the reign ..., also referred to as György Székely See also * Secuieni (other) (a term linked to the Székelys in Romanian) {{DEFAULTSORT:Szekely ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carpathian Basin
The Pannonian Basin, with the term Carpathian Basin being sometimes preferred in Hungarian literature, is a large sedimentary basin situated in southeastern Central Europe. After the Treaty of Trianon following World War I, the geomorphological term Pannonian Plain was also used for roughly the same region, referring to the lowlands in the area occupied by the Pannonian Sea during the Pliocene Epoch, however some consider the term "Pannonian Plain" not only unhistorical but also topologically erroneous. Terminology The term Pannonian Plain refers to the lowland parts of the Pannonian Basin as well as those of some adjoining regions like Lower Austria, Moravia, and Silesia (Czech Republic and Poland). The lands adjoining the plain proper are sometimes also called ''peri-Pannonian''. In English language, the terms "Pannonian Basin" and "Carpathian Basin" may sometimes be used synonymously, although the latter holds an irredentist Hungarian connotation. The name "Pannonian" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungarian Conquest Of The Carpathian Basin
The Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, also known as the Hungarian conquest or the Hungarian land-taking (), was a series of historical events ending with the settlement of the Hungarians in Central Europe in the late 9th and early 10th century. Before the arrival of the Hungarians, three early medieval powers, the First Bulgarian Empire, East Francia, and Great Moravia, Moravia, had fought each other for control of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin. They occasionally hired Hungarian horsemen as soldiers. Therefore, the Hungarians who dwelt on the Pontic–Caspian steppe, Pontic-Caspian Steppe east of the Carpathian Mountains were familiar with what would become their homeland when their conquest started. The Hungarian conquest started in the context of a "late or 'small' Migration Period, migration of peoples". The Hungarians took possession of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin in a pre-planned manner, with a long move-in between 862–895. Other theories asser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
István Nemeskürty
István Nemeskürty (14 May 1925 – 8 October 2015) Origo.hu was a Hungarian historian, writer, screenwriter and film producer. Career In 1977 he was a member of the jury at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1985 he was a member of the jury at the 14th Moscow International Film Festival.Selected filmography * ''[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Golden Bull Of 1222
The Golden Bull of 1222 was a golden bull, or edict, issued by Andrew II of Hungary. King Andrew II was forced by his nobles to accept the Golden Bull (Aranybulla), which was one of the first examples of constitutional limits being placed on the powers of a European monarch. The Golden Bull was issued at the year 1222 diet of Fehérvár. The law established the rights of the Hungarian nobility, including the right to disobey the King when he acted contrary to law (''jus resistendi''). The nobles and the church were freed from all taxes and could not be forced to go to war outside of Hungary and were not obligated to finance it. This was also a historically important document because it set down the principles of equality for all of the nation's nobility. Seven copies of the edict were created, one for each of the following institutions: to the Pope, to the Knights Templar, to the Knights Hospitaller, to the Hungarian king itself, to the chapters of Esztergom and Kalocsa and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herodotus
Herodotus (; BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus (now Bodrum, Turkey), under Persian control in the 5th century BC, and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy. He wrote the '' Histories'', a detailed account of the Greco-Persian Wars, among other subjects such as the rise of the Achaemenid dynasty of Cyrus. He has been described as " The Father of History", a title conferred on him by the ancient Roman orator Cicero, and the " Father of Lies" by others. The ''Histories'' primarily cover the lives of prominent kings and famous battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, Artemisium, Salamis, Plataea, and Mycale. His work deviates from the main topics to provide a cultural, ethnographical, geographical, and historiographical background that forms an essential part of the narrative and provides readers with a wellspring of additional information. Herodotus was criticized in his times for his inclusion of "legends an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Scythians
The Scythians ( or ) or Scyths (, but note Scytho- () in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an Ancient Iranian peoples, ancient Eastern Iranian languages, Eastern Iranian peoples, Iranian Eurasian nomads, equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC. Skilled in Horses in warfare, mounted warfare, the Scythians replaced the Agathyrsi and the Cimmerians as the dominant power on the western Eurasian Steppe in the 8th century BC. In the 7th century BC, the Scythians crossed the Caucasus Mountains and frequently raided West Asia along with the Cimmerians. After being expelled from West Asia by the Medes, the Scythians retreated back into the Pontic Steppe in the 6th century BC, and were later conquered by the Sarmatians in the 3rd to 2nd centuries ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anonymus (notary Of Béla III)
''Anonymus Bele regis notarius'' (/aˈnɔ.ni.mus ˈbeː.le ˈreː.ɡis noˈtaː.ri.us/) ("Anonymous Notary of King Bela") or Master P. ( late 12th century – early 13th century) was the notary and chronicler of a Hungarian king, probably Béla III. Little is known about him, but his latinized name began with ''P,'' as he referred to himself as ''"P. dictus magister".'' Anonymus is famous for his work ''Gesta Hungarorum'' ("The Deeds of the Hungarians"), written in Medieval Latin around 1200. This work provides the most detailed history of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin. Most of his attempts to explain the origin of several Hungarian place names are unsupported by modern etymology. Identity The identity of the author of the ''Gesta'' has always been subject to scholarly debate. Although the first words of the opening sentencean initial ''"P"'' followed with the words ''"dictus magister ac quondam bone memorie gloriosissimi Bele regis Hungarie notarius"''describ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magyar Tribes
The Magyar or Hungarian tribes ( , ) or Hungarian clans were the fundamental political units within whose framework the Hungarians (Magyars) lived, before the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin and the subsequent establishment of the Principality of Hungary.George H. HodosThe East-Central European region: an historical outline Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999, p. 19 Etymology The origin of the term "Hungary", the ethnonym of the Hungarian tribal alliance, is uncertain. According to one view, following the description in the 13th-century chronicle, ''Gesta Hungarorum'', the federation was called "Hetumoger" (modern Hungarian: ''hét magyar'', ), as in the Latin phrase, "''VII principales persone qui Hetumoger dicuntur''" ("seven princely persons who are called Seven Magyars"). The word "Magyar" possibly comes from the name of the most prominent Hungarian tribe, called ''Megyer'', which became used to refer to the Hungarians, Hungarian people as a whole. Written sources cal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Blood Brother
Blood brother can refer to two or more people not related by birth who have sworn loyalty to each other. This is in modern times usually done in a ceremony, known as a blood oath, where each person makes a small cut, usually on a finger, hand, or the forearm, and then the two cuts are pressed together and bound, the symbolism being that each person's blood now flows in the other participant's veins. The act carries a risk due to blood-borne diseases. The process usually provides a participant with a heightened symbolic sense of attachment with the other participant. Cultures Germanic The Norsemen entering the pact of foster brotherhood () involved a rite in which they let their blood flow while they ducked underneath an arch formed by a strip of turf propped up by a spear or spears. An example is described in '' Gísla saga''. In '' Fóstbræðra saga'', the bond of Thorgeir Havarsson (Þorgeir Hávarsson) and Thormod Bersason (Þormóð Bersason) is sealed by such ritual ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huba (chieftain)
Huba was a Hungarian tribal leader in the late 9th century. According to Anonymus (notary of Béla III), Anonymus, author of the early 13th-century ''Gesta Hungarorum,'' Huba was one of the Seven chieftains of the Magyars, seven chieftains (princes) of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, conquering Hungarians. This is uncertain, and he may have lived later in the 10th century. He ruled the southern part of the Little Hungarian Plain, but as with the other chieftains, it is not known which Magyar tribes, tribe he was chief of. Interpretations He resided on the Zsitva-Danube-Rába-Marcal-Répce line, his winter quarters being northeast of Komárom on the Zsitva and his summer quarters on the Marcal and the Répce. Near Komáromszemere there was once the village of Hoba, which bore his name. The head of the clan under him may have been Ketel and his son Alaptolma, the ancestors of the Koppán (genus), Katapán clan, on whose territory Komárom County, Komárom county ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
