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Battle Of Vukovar
The Battle of Vukovar was an 87-day siege of Vukovar in eastern Croatia by the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), supported by various paramilitary forces from Serbia, between August and November 1991. Before the Croatian War of Independence the Baroque town was a prosperous, mixed community of Croats, Serbs and other ethnic groups. As Yugoslavia began to break up, Serbia's President Slobodan Milošević and Croatia's President Franjo Tuđman began pursuing nationalist politics. In 1990, an armed insurrection was started by Croatian Serb militias, supported by the Serbian government and paramilitary groups, who seized control of Serb-populated areas of Croatia. The JNA began to intervene in favour of the rebellion, and conflict broke out in the eastern Croatian region of Slavonia in May 1991. In August, the JNA launched a full-scale attack against Croatian-held territory in eastern Slavonia, including Vukovar. Vukovar was defended by around 1,800 lightly armed soldiers of the Croat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vukovar Water Tower
The Vukovar water tower () is a water tower in the Croatian city of Vukovar. It is one of the most famous symbols of Vukovar and the suffering of the city in the Battle of Vukovar and the Croatian War of Independence, when the water tower and the city itself were largely destroyed by Yugoslav forces. History The water tower was designed by the company ''Plan'' and built by ''Hidrotehna Zagreb''. Construction started in 1962, and was completed in 1968. It was built in a city park, popularly known as ''Najpar-bašća'', in the district of Mitnica. It is 50 meters tall and featured a water tank with a capacity of 2200 m3. With its water tank full, it weighed 9000 tons. Until the war, the top of the tower was home to a restaurant with a view over Vukovar, Danube and surrounding vineyards. During the Battle of Vukovar, the water tower was one of the most frequent targets of artillery. It was hit more than 600 times during the siege. Today, it has been converted into a museum ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mile Dedaković
Mile Dedaković (born 4 July 1951) is a retired Croatian Army colonel. Also known by his ''nom de guerre'' Jastreb ("Hawk"), Dedaković is best known for commanding the 204th Vukovar Brigade and the city of Vukovar's defenses during the 1991 Battle of Vukovar in the early stages of the Croatian War of Independence. Biography Originally from the village of Nijemci in Syrmia in eastern Croatia, Dedaković had graduated from the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) Air Force Academy and its Officer Academy before the events which led to the breakup of Yugoslavia began to unfold in 1990. Formerly a lieutenant colonel in command of a JNA military airbase near Zagreb, he joined the newly formed Croatian National Guard (ZNG) in the summer of 1991. Due to a lack of schooled officers available to the Croatian military at the time, Dedaković, an air force officer, was immediately posted to command the ZNG's brigade stationed in Vukovar, a town in eastern Croatia in his native region, which soon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian Army
The Croatian Army ( or HKoV) is the land force branch of the Croatian Armed Forces. It is numerically the largest of the three branches of the Croatian Armed Forces. The HKoV is the main force for the defense of the country against external threats, and in addition to the task of defending the Republic of Croatia, the HKoV also has the task of participating in peace support operations and humanitarian operations as part of international forces, as well as the task of preventing and eliminating the consequences of emergency situations in the country caused by natural and technical accidents and disasters. The HKoV has units of combat branches (Mechanized and Armoured Mechanized infantry), combat support branches (artillery, air defense, engineering, communications, nuclear-biological-chemical defense, military police and military intelligence units) and services support (supply, transport, maintenance and sanitation). Role and Deployment The basic mission of HKoV is to defend th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Croatian National Guard
The Croatian National Guard ( or ZNG) was an armed force established by Croatia in April and May 1991 during the Croatian War of Independence. Although it was established within the framework of the Ministry of the Interior for legal reasons, the ZNG was under the direct command of the Ministry of Defence. It was tasked with the protection of Croatia's borders and territory, and with tasks normally associated with police forces. The ZNG was formed with the transfer of special police units to the ZNG, establishing four all-professional brigades in May 1991, and was presented to the public in a military parade in Zagreb on 28 May. It was commanded by Defence Minister General Martin Špegelj before his resignation in early August. Špegelj was replaced by General Anton Tus, who became the first head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia (established on 21 September). During its development the ZNG experienced a number of problems, including shortages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Armed Forces Of Croatia
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia () are the national Military, military forces of Croatia. The Croatian military consists of three service branches: the Croatian Army, the Croatian Navy and the Croatian Air Force. The OSRH is headed by the President of Croatia as commander-in-chief while defense policy is overseen by the Government of Croatia. The Croatian military advances multilateral security initiatives Foreign relations of Croatia, among international allies. Since the Croatian War of Independence (1991-95), the Armed Forces have Military history of Croatia, played a key role in protecting territorial integrity and defending sovereignty. In the post-war early 2000s, Croatia moderated defense spending to accommodate nation-building; it later expanded military operations early 2010s. The military's first foreign deployment was to the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), War in Afghanistan, in 2003, later joining the military alliance NATO in 2009. The Croatian milit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
White Eagles (paramilitary)
The White Eagles (), also known as the Avengers (), were a Serbian paramilitary group associated with the Serbian National Renewal (SNO) and the Serbian Radical Party (SRS).Allen, Beverly (1996) ''Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Croatia'' University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, Minnesota, pp. 154-155, The White Eagles fought in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo during the Yugoslav Wars.Po naređenju: ratni zločini na Kosovu (Izveštaj Human Right Watch-a) In the 2003 indictment from the |
Serb Volunteer Guard
The Serb Volunteer Guard, SDG. Also known as Arkan's Tigers () or Arkan's men (). was an elite Serbian volunteer paramilitary unit founded and led by Željko Ražnatović (better known as "Arkan"). It was recognized for its superior bearing and discipline, fighting in the Croatian War and the Bosnian War during the Yugoslav Wars. Considered one of the most feared and effective paramilitary forces during the wars, the unit was also responsible for numerous war crimes and massacres. History and organization The SDG was created on 11 October 1990 by twenty members of the Red Star Belgrade football club Ultra group Delije Sever. The rowdy football hooligans of the ''Delije'' ("Heroes") club-who were devoted to the Red Star Belgrade football team-were seen as a serious social problem by the late 1980s, and the gangster Ražnatović had taken over the ''Delije'' club at the request of the Ministry of the Interior as a way to control the hooligans. Ražnatović was already a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)
The Territorial Defense ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Територијална Oдбрана, Teritorijalna odbrana; TO for short) was the gendarmerie and military reserve force component of the armed forces of Yugoslavia that was the primary means of organized armed resistance against an enemy under the Constitution of Yugoslavia. Similar to the U.S. National Guard, each of the Yugoslav constituent republics had its own Territorial Defense military formations, to remain separate from the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA), which also maintained its own reserve forces and could take command of Territorial Defense in case of war. This would be done under the command of the Presidency of Yugoslavia as Supreme Commander of Armed Forces through the Minister of Defense, who was the highest military rank that could command both Yugoslav People's Army and ''Territorial Defense'' simultaneously under the constitution. While the President of Yugoslavia was in function he was under constitution sup ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Air Force
The Air Force and Air Defence ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Ратно ваздухопловство и противваздушна одбрана, Ratno vazduhoplovstvo i protivvazdušna odbrana ; abbr. sh-Cyrl-Latn, label=none, separator=/, РВ и ПВО, RV i PVO), was one of three branches of the Yugoslav People's Army, the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav military. Commonly referred-to as the Yugoslav Air Force, at its height it was among the largest in Europe. The branch was disbanded in 1992 after the Breakup of Yugoslavia. In the year 1990, the Air Force had more than 32,000 personnel, but as a result of its more technical requirements, the Air Force had less than 4,000 conscripts. History 1918–1941 World War II, Soviet influence By early 1945, Yugoslav Partisans under Josip Broz Tito, Marshal Tito had liberated a large portion of Yugoslav territory from the occupying forces. The NOVJ partisan army included air units trained and equipped by Britain (with S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Navy
The Yugoslav Navy ( sh-Cyrl-Latn, Југословенска ратна морнарица, Jugoslavenska ratna mornarica, Yugoslav War Navy), was the navy of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1992. It was essentially a coastal defense force with the mission of preventing enemy landings along Yugoslavia's rugged 4,000-kilometer shoreline or coastal islands, and contesting an enemy blockade or control of the strategic Strait of Otranto. In 1990, it had 10,000 sailors (including 4,400 conscripts), including 2,300 in 25 coastal artillery batteries and 900 marines in one light naval infantry brigade. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the navy's equipment and watercraft were claimed by emergent Croatian Navy, Montenegrin Navy, Serbian River Flotilla, and Slovenian Navy. History The Partisans had operated many small boats in raids harassing Italian convoys in the Adriatic Sea during World War II. After the war, the navy operated numerous German and Italian submarines, destroyers, mine ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yugoslav Ground Forces
The Yugoslav Ground Forces ( – KoV, sh-Cyrl, Копнена Војска – КоВ) was the ground forces branch of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA) from 1 March 1945 until 20 May 1992 when the last remaining remnants were merged into the Ground Forces of the new Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, under the threat of sanctions. History The origins of the JNA can be found in the Yugoslav Partisan units of World War II. As a part of the Resistance during World War II People's Liberation War of Yugoslavia, the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (NOVJ), a predecessor of JNA, was formed on 22 December 1941 in the town of Rudo in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the establishment of the 1st Proletarian Brigade. After the liberation of the country from the Axis Powers occupation, that date was officially celebrated as the ''Day of the Army'' in the SFR Yugoslavia. In March 1945, the NOVJ was renamed the Yugoslav Army (''Jugoslovenska Armija'') and finally on its 10th anniversary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Emblem Of The Yugoslav People's Army (1991-1992)
An emblem is an abstract or representational pictorial image that represents a concept, like a moral truth, or an allegory, or a person, like a monarch or saint. Emblems vs. symbols Although the words ''emblem'' and ''symbol'' are often used interchangeably, an emblem is a pattern that is used to represent an idea or an individual. An emblem develops in concrete, visual terms some abstraction: a deity, a tribe or nation, or a virtue or vice. An emblem may be worn or otherwise used as an identifying badge or patch. For example, in America, police officers' badges refer to their personal metal emblem whereas their woven emblems on uniforms identify members of a particular unit. A real or metal cockle shell, the emblem of James the Great, sewn onto the hat or clothes, identified a medieval pilgrim to his shrine at Santiago de Compostela. In the Middle Ages, many saints were given emblems, which served to identify them in paintings and other images: St. Catherine of Alexandr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
