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Battle Of Başgedikler
The Battle of Başgedikler occurred on 1 December 1853 during the Crimean War when a Russian army attacked and defeated a large Turkish force near the village of Başgedikler in the Trans-Caucasus. Background After the declaration of war between the Russian and Ottoman Empires in October 1853, both countries amassed armies on the two primary fronts, along the Danube and in the southern Caucasus. Russia maintained its primary military outpost in the area at Alexandropol while the Turk's primary fortress was at Kars. In November 1853, the Turks assembled an army of 36,000 men and advanced from Kars to Baş Şüregel on the Akhurian River which served as the border with Russia. Across the river at that point was the Russian garrison of Bayindir and it was the intention of the Turks to drive the Russians back to Alexandropol. On 13 November, the Ottoman Anatolian army under the command of Abdi Pasha easily drove 2,000 members of the Russian irregular cavalry out of Bayindir ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Crimean War
The Crimean War was fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the Ottoman Empire, the Second French Empire, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861), Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont from October 1853 to February 1856. Geopolitical causes of the war included the "Eastern question" (Decline and modernization of the Ottoman Empire, the decline of the Ottoman Empire, the "sick man of Europe"), expansion of Imperial Russia in the preceding Russo-Turkish wars, and the British and French preference to preserve the Ottoman Empire to maintain the European balance of power, balance of power in the Concert of Europe. The flashpoint was a dispute between France and Russia over the rights of Catholic Church, Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox minorities in Palestine (region), Palestine. After the Sublime Porte refused Nicholas I of Russia, Tsar Nicholas I's demand that the Empire's Orthodox subjects were to be placed unde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogdan Willewalde
Gottfried Willewalde, russified as Bogdan Pavlovich Willewalde (; 12 January 1819, Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg – 24 March 1903, Dresden) was a Russian Imperial artist, academic, emeritus professor of military art, and a fellow of the Imperial Academy of Arts. Early life Bogdan Willewalde was born in Pavlovsk, Saint Petersburg on 12 January 1819 in a noble family of Bavarian origin. From childhood, he was acquainted with and a playmate of the Russian Grand Dukes and intimately connected to the Imperial family and its official hierarchy. His initial art studies were with Jungstedt, following which he was admitted to the St Petersburg Imperial Academy of Arts in 1838. He studied under Karl Bryullov and Alexander Sauerweid. In the 1840s, having achieved success in his academic studies, he was despatched abroad – to Dresden – to train in art of the war of 1813. In 1844, he was recalled to St Petersburg upon the death of Sauerweid, to finish the latter's cycle of the Russian ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (), also called the Turkish Empire, was an empire, imperial realm that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries. The empire emerged from a Anatolian beyliks, ''beylik'', or principality, founded in northwestern Anatolia in by the Turkoman (ethnonym), Turkoman tribal leader Osman I. His successors Ottoman wars in Europe, conquered much of Anatolia and expanded into the Balkans by the mid-14th century, transforming their petty kingdom into a transcontinental empire. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the Fall of Constantinople, conquest of Constantinople in 1453 by Mehmed II. With its capital at History of Istanbul#Ottoman Empire, Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) and control over a significant portion of the Mediterranean Basin, the Ottoman Empire was at the centre of interacti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was an empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in November 1721 until the proclamation of the Russian Republic in September 1917. At its height in the late 19th century, it covered about , roughly one-sixth of the world's landmass, making it the list of largest empires, third-largest empire in history, behind only the British Empire, British and Mongol Empire, Mongol empires. It also Russian colonization of North America, colonized Alaska between 1799 and 1867. The empire's 1897 census, the only one it conducted, found a population of 125.6 million with considerable ethnic, linguistic, religious, and socioeconomic diversity. From the 10th to 17th centuries, the Russians had been ruled by a noble class known as the boyars, above whom was the tsar, an absolute monarch. The groundwork of the Russian Empire was laid by Ivan III (), who greatly expanded his domain, established a centralized Russian national state, and secured inde ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vasili Bebutov
Vasili Osipovich Bebutov (, ) (1 January 1791 – 7 April 1858) was an Imperial Russian general and a member of an Armenian noble family of Bebutashvili/Bebutov. Bebutov was in the military since 1809. Served in the Russo-Turkish War of 1806–1812 and the Patriotic War of 1812. Since 1816 he was Adjutant General of the H. I. M. Retinue and served with A. P. Yermolov. During the Russo-Turkish War of 1828–29 he participated in the takeover of Akhaltsikhe and commanded the defense thereof against an attempt by Ahmed Pasha of Adjara to recapture it for the Ottomans. In 1830 he was made the governor of the Armenian Oblast. From 1844 to 1847 he fought Imam Shamil. He was awarded the Order of Saint George of the second degree on 6 December 1853 for his services after he defeated the Ottomans in the battle of Başgedikler during the Crimean War. Bebutov was appointed the Russian Commander-in-Chief in Asia in 1855, replacing General Muravyov. Honours and awards * Order of St. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zakhary Gulbatovich Chavchavadze
Zakhary Gulbatovich Chavchavadze ( ka, ზაქარია ჭავჭავაძე, ; October 5, 1825 – November 4, 1905) was a Russian general and Georgian prince of the Chavchavadze noble family. Military career Chavchavadze began his military service as an ensign in the Novgorod Dragoon regiment on 31 August 1842. Two years later he would become an officer and in the following years prove himself multiple times during the Caucasian War. In 1847 he was promoted to Lieutenant and in 1847 to staff captain. He was heavily involved with his regiment in the Crimean War and received several high decorations and citations. In 1855 the captain was wounded in battle, receiving a bullet that partially penetrated his skull. At the end of the Crimean war Chavchavadze returned to the Caucasus to continue participate in the Caucasian campaigns. For his successes he earned several more decorations including the Gold Sword for Bravery and Order of Saint Stanislaus. On 25 June he go ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ivane Bagration Of Mukhrani
{{Infobox noble , name = Prince Ivane Bagration of Mukhrani , title = , image = File:ივანე მუხრანბატონი.jpg , caption = , alt = , CoA = , more = no , succession = , reign = , tenure=, reign-type = , predecessor = , successor = , suc-type = , spouse = , spouse-type = , issue-type = , issue = , issue-link = , issue-pipe = , full name = , native_name = ივანე კონსტანტინეს ძე მუხრანბატონი , styles = , other_titles = , noble family = House of Mukhrani , house-type = , father = Constantine IV , mother = , birth_name = , birth_date = {{Birth date, 1812, 02, 07, df=y , birth_place = ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Transcaucasia
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about . The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia. The South Caucasus is a dynamic and complex region where the three countries have pursued distinct geopolitical pathways. Geography The South Caucasus spans the southern portion of the Caucasus Mountains and their lowlands, straddling the border between the continents of Europe and Asia, and extending southwards from the southern part of the Main Caucasian Range of southwestern Russia to the Turkish and Armenian borders, and from the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea coa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyumri
Gyumri (, ) is an urban municipal community and the List of cities and towns in Armenia, second-largest city in Armenia, serving as the administrative center of Shirak Province in the northwestern part of the country. By the end of the 19th century, when the city was known as Alexandropol, it became the largest city of Russian-ruled Eastern Armenia with a population above that of Yerevan. The city became renowned as a cultural hub, while also carrying significance as a major center of Russian troops during Russo-Turkish wars of the 19th century. The city underwent a tumultuous period during and after World War I. While Russian forces withdrew from the South Caucasus due to the October Revolution, the city became host to large numbers of Armenian refugees fleeing the Armenian genocide, in particular hosting 22,000 orphaned children in around 170 orphanage buildings. It was renamed Leninakan during the Soviet period and became a major industrial and textile center in Soviet Armenia. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kars
Kars ( or ; ; ) is a city in northeast Turkey. It is the seat of Kars Province and Kars District.İl Belediyesi , Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 1 March 2023. As of 2022, its population was 91,450. Kars, in classical historiography (Strabo), was in the ancient region known as ''Chorzene'' (), part of the province of Ayrarat in the Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Kingdom of Armenia, and later the historic capitals of Armenia, capital of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia from 929 to 961. Currently, the mayor of Kars is Ötüken Senger. The city had an Armenians, Armenian ethnic majority until it was re-captured by Turkish National Movement, Turkish nationalist forces in late 1920. Etymology The city's name may derive from the Armenian language, Armenian w ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Akhurian River
The Akhuryan () or Arpachay () is a river in the South Caucasus. It originates in Armenia and flows from Lake Arpi, along the closed border with Turkey, forming part of the geographic border between the two states, until it flows into the Aras as a left tributary near Bagaran. The Akhuryan is long, and has a drainage basin. Gyumri, the second largest city of Armenia, is located on the east bank of the river. History When the Byzantine army arrived in the province of Shirak in 1041, local Armenian Armenian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia * Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent ** Armenian diaspora, Armenian communities around the ... nobles ( nakharars) assembled together against them under the command of the Pahlavuni general Vahram Pahlavouni. Vahram then selected a body of 30,000 infantry and 20,000 cavalry, forming three divisions, which fought agains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdülkerim Nadir Pasha
Abdülkerim Nâdir Pasha (1807–1883), also known as Çırpanlı Abdi Pasha or Abdul Kerim Pasha, son of Ahmed Pasha, was an Ottoman military commander. Early years Abdülkerim Nadir was born in Çırpan of Eski Zağra, Ottoman Bulgaria in 1807. At a young age, he moved to Constantinople (today Istanbul), and entered the newly established military academy (), and graduated in the rank of a first lieutenant. After the establishment of the Imperial Army War Academy, he was assigned as an officer to the school battalion. For further military education, he was sent to Vienna, Austrian Empire in 1836.Candan Badem, ''The Ottoman Crimean War (1853-1856)'', Brill, 2010p. 143. ''The Ottoman Anatolian army was in a much neglected state in comparison with the Rumelian army. The Anatolian army was under the command of Müşir Abdülkerim Nadir Pasha (better known as Çırpanlı Abdi Pasha, 1807-1883) and this army was deployed in Erzurum, Kars, Ardahan and Bayezid.'' Career After five ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
