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Aurora Rodrigues
Aurora Rosa Salvador Rodrigues (born 20 January 1952) is a Portuguese retired magistrate of the Public Prosecution Service. Rodrigues studied law at the University of Lisbon. After she attended a student demonstration, the Polícia Internacional e de Defesa do Estado (PIDE) arrested her. The PIDE deprived Rodrigues of sleep for over two weeks to induce hallucinations, among other forms of torture. She was never formally charged and was released after three months. Rodrigues graduated and became a magistrate and president of the Evorian section of the (Prosecutors' Union). After retiring, she wrote an account of her experiences with the ''Estado Novo''. Biography Aurora Rodrigues was born in Mértola, Portugal, in the Alentejo Region on 20 January 1952, near the São Domingos Mine. At 17 years old, she enrolled in the School of Law at the University of Lisbon for the 1969–1970 academic year. At the university, the Portuguese Communist Party approached Rodrigues about ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mértola
Mértola (), officially the Town of Mértola (), is a town and municipality in southeastern Portuguese Alentejo near the Spanish border. In 2011, the population was 7,274, in an area of approximately : it is the sixth-largest municipality in Portugal. Meanwhile, it is the second-lowest population centre by density with approximately 5.62 persons/ (second to the adjacent Alcoutim). The seat of the municipality is the town of Mértola, which has around 2800 inhabitants (2011), located on a hill over the Guadiana River. Its strategic location made it an important fluvial commercial port in Classical Antiquity, through the period of Umayyad conquest of Hispania: Mértola's main church (the Church of Nossa Senhora da Anunciação) was the only medieval mosque to have survived the period in Portugal. In 2017 Mértola started the process to become a UNESCO World Heritage Site. History Romans Mértola was inhabited at least since the Iron Age at least by Conni and Cynetes settleme ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stress Position
A stress position, also known as a submission position, is a form of punishment that places the human body in such a way that a great amount of weight is placed on very few muscles. For example, a subject may be forced to stand on the balls of their feet, then squat so that their thighs are parallel to the ground. This creates an intense amount of pressure on the legs, leading first to pain and then rapid onset of muscle fatigue and tear. Forcing prisoners to adopt such positions is a torture technique that proponents claim leads to extracting information from the person being tortured. Types of stress position Murga punishment Murga (also spelled murgha) is a stress position used as a corporal punishment mainly in parts of the Indian subcontinent (specifically Northern India, Pakistan and Bangladesh) where the punished person must squat, loop their arms behind their knees, and hold their earlobes. The word ''murga'' means "chicken" or "rooster", and the name reflects ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Living People
Purpose: Because living persons may suffer personal harm from inappropriate information, we should watch their articles carefully. By adding an article to this category, it marks them with a notice about sources whenever someone tries to edit them, to remind them of WP:BLP (biographies of living persons) policy that these articles must maintain a neutral point of view, maintain factual accuracy, and be properly sourced. Recent changes to these articles are listed on Special:RecentChangesLinked/Living people. Organization: This category should not be sub-categorized. Entries are generally sorted by family name In many societies, a surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several give .... Maintenance: Individuals of advanced age (over 90), for whom there has been no new documentation in the last ten ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1952 Births
Events January–February * January 26 – Cairo Fire, Black Saturday in Kingdom of Egypt, Egypt: Rioters burn Cairo's central business district, targeting British and upper-class Egyptian businesses. * February 6 ** Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh, becomes monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the British Dominions: Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Union of South Africa, South Africa, Dominion of Pakistan, Pakistan and Dominion of Ceylon, Ceylon. The princess, who is on a visit to Kenya when she hears of the death of her father, King George VI, aged 56, takes the regnal name Elizabeth II. ** In the United States, a Artificial heart, mechanical heart is used for the first time in a human patient. *February 7 – New York City announces its first crosswalk devices to be installed. * February 14–February 25, 25 – The 1952 Winter Olympics, Winter Olympics are held in Oslo, Norway. * February 15 – The State Funeral of King Ge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fernando Rosas
Fernando José Mendes Rosas (born 18 April 1946) is a Portuguese historian, professor and politician, being one of the founders of the Left Bloc. Biography Early life and education Rosas was born on 18 April 1946. He studied at Pedro Nunes secondary school, and in 1961, he joined the school's Portuguese Communist Party organization, a party for which he was later a militant. He entered University of Lisbon's Faculty of Law where he remained an active militant. He was arrested in the repressive wave of January, 1965, while he was directing the student association of his Faculty. The Estado Novo arrested dozens of activists from the main board of student resistance. He was tried and convicted in 1965. He served one year and three months at a correctional facility. As he left this facility he dedicated himself to supporting activities for arrested politicians. Political career The events of May 1968, and the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia, in August of the same year, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elina Guimarães
Elina Guimarães (1904-1991) was a writer and feminist leader in Portugal during the middle of the 20th century. Early life Elina Júlia Chaves Pereira Guimarães was born on 8 August 1904 in Lisbon, the only daughter of Alice Pereira Guimarães and Vitorino Máximo de Carvalho Guimarães. Her father was in the Portuguese Army and also held important political positions during the First Portuguese Republic, including, briefly in 1925, the equivalent to prime minister. She thus grew up in an environment dominated by politics and from an early age she became interested in political action, especially in women's rights. After studying at home, like most of the girls of the upper bourgeoisie, and then at secondary schools, she enrolled at the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon, graduating in 1926. She never practiced law, although she did work at a children’s court. However, her knowledge of women's rights from the legal point of view was essential for her role of informin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Bar Association
The Order of Attorneys of Portugal (), also known as the Portuguese Bar Association, is the public association to which all attorneys-at-law belong in Portugal, founded in 1926. Its early origins are found on a private association founded in 1838 by a group of lawyers from Lisbon. Graduates in law from university who wish to act on behalf of clients before a court of law must register at the Portuguese Bar Association. Only those who are duly registered can provide legal consultation and appear before the court. Other graduates in law may choose other jobs, which do not demand registration at the bar association. Being a public association, it is independent from the government, but it has some public powers, which include disciplinary action over its members. Its decisions are subject to judicial impeachment. In Portuguese law, an attorney-at-law is known as ''advogado''. His job equals that of both solicitors and barrister A barrister is a type of lawyer in common law j ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Santarém, Portugal
Santarém () is a Portugal, Portuguese city and municipality located in the district of Santarém District, Santarém. The population of the historic Ribatejo capital in 2021 was 58,671,excluding the parish Pombalinho, that changed from the municipality of Santarém to Golegã in 2013 in an area of 552.54 km2. The population of the city proper was 29,929 in 2012. The mayor is Ricardo Gonçalves (Social Democratic Party (Portugal), PSD). The municipal holiday is March 19, the day of Saint Joseph (''São José''). The city is on the Portuguese Way variant of the Way of Saint James. History Since prehistory, the region of Santarém has been inhabited, first by the Lusitani people and then by the Ancient Greece, Greeks, Ancient Rome, Romans, Visigoths, Arabs and later Portuguese Christians. Of the various legends related to the foundation of Santarém, the most famous tells of the Visigoth Saint Iria (or Irene), who was martyred in Tomar (''Nabantia'') and whose uncorrupted ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agence France-Presse
Agence France-Presse (; AFP) is a French international news agency headquartered in Paris, France. Founded in 1835 as Havas, it is the world's oldest news agency. With 2,400 employees of 100 nationalities, AFP has an editorial presence in 260 cities across 150 countries. Its main regional headquarters are based in Nicosia, Montevideo, Hong Kong and Washington, D.C. AFP publishes stories, videos, photos and graphics in French, English, Arabic, Portuguese, Spanish, and German. Two-thirds of its turnover comes from its own commercial activities, with the remaining one-third being provided by the French government (amounting to 113.3 million euros in 2022) as compensation for carrying out its mission of general interest. In December 2024, AFP was ranked as the 27th most visited news site in the world, with over 105 million monthly readers. History Agence France-Presse has its origins in the Agence Havas, founded in 1835 in Paris by Charles-Louis Havas, making it the world's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otelo Saraiva De Carvalho
Otelo Nuno Romão Saraiva de Carvalho, Order of Liberty, GCL (; 31 August 1936 – 25 July 2021) was a Portuguese military officer. He was the chief strategist of the 1974 Carnation Revolution, and later became a terrorist leader. After the Revolution, Otelo assumed leadership roles in the first Portuguese Provisional Governments, alongside Vasco Gonçalves and Francisco da Costa Gomes, and as the head of military defense force COPCON. In 1976, Otelo ran in the first 1976 Portuguese presidential election, Portuguese presidential election, in which he placed second with the base of his support coming from the Far-left politics, far-left. Otelo was tried and sentenced for being a leading member of the terrorist group Forças Populares 25 de Abril, which killed 20 people in several terrorist attacks. The Constitutional Court (Portugal), Constitutional Court reverted the sentence due to unconstitutionality, as the newly formed body did not agree with the other courts interpretation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
COPCON
The Comando Operacional do Continente (COPCON, ) was a military command for Portugal created by the Armed Forces Movement in the period following the revolution of 25 April 1974 and was dissolved after the failed far left coup of 25 November 1975. COPCON was created on 8 July 1974 by President António de Spínola, with the aim of protecting the democratic process initiated by the Carnation Revolution. It consisted of special military forces such as marines, paratroopers, commandos, military police. Copcon chief Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, accumulated Copcon with the command of the Military Region of Lisbon, assuming himself as one of the drivers of the Revolutionary Process also known as PREC. He was one considered to be of the most powerful persons during this revolutionary period. Otelo and Copcon gained prominence after the revolution of March 11, 1975, and during almost the entire revolutionary period known as PREC. Copcon was responsible for issuing several blank arrest w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
