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Aurat March
The Aurat March (, ) is an annual socio-political demonstration in Pakistani cities such as Islamabad, Karachi, Lahore, Multan, Peshawar and Islamabad to observe International Women's Day. The first Aurat Marches were begun by women's collectives in parallel with the Pakistani #MeToo movement on International Women's Day. The first march was held on 8 March 2018 in Karachi. Marches were organized in 2019 in Lahore and Karachi by Hum Auratein (We the Women, a women's collective) and elsewhere in the country, including Islamabad, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Peshawar, Mardan, and Faisalabad, by Women Democratic Front (WDF), Women's Action Forum (WAF), and other groups. The march was endorsed by the Lady Health Workers Association and included representatives of a number of women's-rights organizations. The march calls for greater accountability for violence against women and supports women who experience violence and harassment at the hands of security forces, in public spaces, at home ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Workforce
In macroeconomics, the workforce or labour force is the sum of people either working (i.e., the employed) or looking for work (i.e., the unemployed): \text = \text + \text Those neither working in the marketplace nor looking for work are out of the labour force. The sum of the labour force and out of the labour force results in the noninstitutional civilian population, that is, the number of people who (1) work (i.e., the employed), (2) can work but don't, although they are looking for a job (i.e., the unemployed), or (3) can work but don't, and are not looking for a job (i.e., out of the labour force). Stated otherwise, the noninstitutional civilian population is the total population minus people who cannot or choose not to work (children, retirees, soldiers, and incarcerated people). The noninstitutional civilian population is the number of people potentially available for civilian employment. \begin \text &= \text + \text \\ & ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Slut-shaming
Slut-shaming is the practice of criticizing people, especially women and girls, who violate expectations of behavior and appearance regarding issues related to sexuality. It may also be used in reference to gay men, who may face disapproval for promiscuous sexual behaviors. Gender-based violence primarily affecting women can be a result of slut-shaming. The term is commonly used to reclaim the word '' slut'' and empower women to have agency over their own sexuality. Examples of slut-shaming include criticism or punishment for: violating dress code policies by dressing in sexually provocative ways; requesting access to birth control; having premarital, extramarital, casual, or promiscuous sex; or engaging in prostitution or other sex work. It can also include being victim-blamed for being raped or otherwise sexually assaulted. Definitions and characteristics Slut-shaming involves criticizing women for their transgression of accepted codes of sexual conduct, i.e., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trans Woman
A trans woman or transgender woman is a woman who was assigned male at birth. Trans women have a female gender identity and may experience gender dysphoria (distress brought upon by the discrepancy between a person's gender identity and their sex assigned at birth). Gender dysphoria may be treated with gender-affirming care. Gender-affirming care may include social or medical transition. Social transition may include adopting a new name, hairstyle, clothing style, and/or set of pronouns associated with the individual's affirmed gender identity. A major component of medical transition for trans women is feminizing hormone therapy, which causes the development of female secondary sex characteristics (breasts, redistribution of body fat, lower waist–hip ratio, etc.). Medical transition may also include one or more feminizing surgeries, including vaginoplasty (to create a vagina), feminization laryngoplasty (to raise the vocal pitch), or facial feminization surgery (to f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women's Rights
Women's rights are the rights and Entitlement (fair division), entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements during the 20th and 21st centuries. In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others, they are ignored and suppressed. They differ from broader notions of human rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men and boys.Hosken, Fran P., 'Towards a Definition of Women's Rights' in ''Human Rights Quarterly'', Vol. 3, No. 2. (May 1981), pp. 1–10. Issues commonly associated with notions of women's rights include the right to bodily integrity and autonomy, to be free from sexual violence, to Women's suffrage, vote, to hold public office, to enter into legal contracts, to have equal rights in family law, Right to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mera Jism Meri Marzi
(; ) is a slogan used by feminists in Pakistan to demand bodily autonomy and protest gender-based violence. The slogan was popularized during the Aurat March in Pakistan, which has been observed on International Women's Day since 2018. Origin and background The slogan was first chanted in Pakistan during the 2018 Aurat March. Protestors and organizers carried signs with different slogans, including . The march came under harsh criticism from conservatives, who said that the march opposed typical religious and cultural values of Pakistani society, which is patriarchal and predominantly Muslim. These conservatives said that the slogan was a call for vulgarity and nudity. However, feminists said that the slogan should be interpreted in a broader sense: they were protesting against abuse and harassment. More specifically, they use the slogan because they believe that women should not be touched or pursued sexually against their will. According to Muhammad Anwar Nasar, the slogan ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fundamental Rights
Fundamental rights are a group of rights that have been recognized by a high degree of protection from encroachment. These rights are specifically identified in a constitution, or have been found under due process of law. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 17, established in 2015, underscores the link between promoting human rights and sustaining peace. List of important rights Some universally recognised rights that are seen as fundamental, i.e., contained in the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the U.N. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, or the U.N. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, include the following: * Self-determination * Liberty * Due process of law * Freedom of movement * Right to privacy * Freedom of thought * Freedom of conscience * Freedom of religion * Freedom of expression * Freedom of assembly * Freedom of association Specific jurisdictions Canada In Canada, the Chart ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Women Displaying Placards During Aurat March 2019
A woman is an adult female human. Before adulthood, a female child or Adolescence, adolescent is referred to as a girl. Typically, women are of the female sex and inherit a pair of X chromosomes, one from each parent, and women with functional uteruses are capable of pregnancy and giving childbirth, birth from puberty until menopause. More generally, sex differentiation of the female fetus is governed by the lack of a present, or functioning, ''SRY'' gene on either one of the respective sex chromosomes. Sex differences in human physiology, Female anatomy is distinguished from male anatomy by the female reproductive system, which includes the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and vulva. An adult woman generally has a wider pelvis, broader hips, and larger breasts than an adult man. These characteristics facilitate childbirth and breastfeeding. Women typically have less facial and other body hair, have a higher body fat composition, and are on average shorter and less ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nighat Dad
Nighat Dad (; born ) is a Pakistani lawyer and Internet activist who runs the not-for-profit organisation Digital Rights Foundation. Her work in the field of IT security has earned her many international awards. Early life and education Dad was born in 1981 in Lahore. She hails from a village in Jhang, Punjab. She received her education from the University of the Punjab, Lahore from where she has received a degree of the Master of Laws. Her marriage lasted only 18 months, and as a single mother, she had to wage a legal battle to win the custody of her child. During court proceedings she met many single mothers involved in legal battle to gain custody of their children, and she has been helping such women. Work Dad is a lawyer by profession and practices criminal and family law. In 2012, she set up the Digital Rights Foundation where she was executive director, educate Pakistani internet users, particularly women to protect themselves from online harassment. Pakistani activist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Patriarchy
Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of authority are primarily held by men. The term ''patriarchy'' is used both in anthropology to describe a family or clan controlled by the father or eldest male or group of males, and in feminist theory to describe a broader social structure in which men as a group dominance hierarchy, dominate society. Sociobiologists compare human gender roles to sexed behavior in other primates and argue that gender inequality originates from genetic and reproductive differences between men and women. Patriarchal ideology explains and rationalizes patriarchy by attributing gender inequality to inherent Gender essentialism, natural differences between men and women, divine commandment, or other fixed structures. Social constructionists sociologists tend to disagree with biological explanations of patriarchy and contend that socialization processes are primarily responsible for establishing gender roles, they further argue that gender roles ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forced Disappearance
An enforced disappearance (or forced disappearance) is the secret abduction or imprisonment of a person with the support or acquiescence of a State (polity), state followed by a refusal to acknowledge the person's fate or whereabouts with the intent of placing the victim outside the protection of the law. Often, forced disappearance implies murder whereby a victim is kidnapping, abducted, may be illegally prison, detained, and is often tortured during interrogation, ultimately killed, and the body disposed of secretly. The party committing the murder has plausible deniability as there is no evidence of the victim's death. Enforced disappearance was first recognized as a human rights issue in the 1970s as a result of Detenidos Desaparecidos, its use by military dictatorships in Latin America during the Dirty War. However, it has occurred all over the world. According to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, which came into force on 1 July 2002, when committed as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Cases Of Law Enforcement Brutality In Pakistan
This is a list of notable cases of law enforcement brutality, including police brutality (Urdu: پولیس گردی) in Pakistan. * 1960 – Communist leader Hassan Nasir was killed during interrogation in Lahore Fort. * 1980 – Communist leader Nazeer Abbasi was one of many who died under interrogation during the martial law of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq. * 2010 – In protests by the Hazara Province Movement, several protesters were shot dead and dozens were injured by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Police in Abbottabad. * 2011 – In the Kharotabad incident, five Russians and one Tajik were shot dead by Frontier Corps and police after being falsely reported as suicide bombers when approaching a border checkpoint. Dr. Baqir Shah, a police surgeon who testified against the police, was attacked at a restaurant in Quetta, and later shot dead by unknown gunmen. * 2014 – In Lahore incident, Punjab Police opened firing on protesters, killing 14 and injuring hundreds. *2015 – Two young brot ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
