|
Athletics Abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics. In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, '' Track & Field News'' became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia. Times and marks Almost all races record a time. Evolving since experiments in the 1930s, to their official use at the 1968 Summer Olympics and official acceptance in 1977, fully automatic times have become common. As this evolution has occurred, the rare early times we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sport Of Athletics
Athletics is a group of sporting events that involves competitive running, jumping and throwing. The most common types of athletics competitions are track and field, road running, cross country running, cross-country running, and racewalking. The results of racing events are decided by finishing position (or time, where measured), while the jumps and throws are won by the athlete that achieves the highest or furthest measurement from a series of attempts. The simplicity of the competitions, and the lack of a need for expensive equipment, makes athletics one of the most common types of sports in the world. Athletics is mostly an individual sport, with the exception of relay (athletics), relay races and competitions which combine athletes' performances for a team score, such as cross country. Organized athletics are traced back to the ancient Olympic Games from 776 BC. The rules and format of the modern athletics events, events in athletics were defined in Western Europe an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Olympic Records In Athletics
The modern Summer Olympic Games have been held every four years since the first Games in 1896 (except 1916 due to the First World War, 1940 and 1944 due to the Second World War, and 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic) and Olympic records are recognised by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in each event. The athletics events, which take place at each Games, are divided into four groups: track events (including sprints, middle- and long-distance running, hurdling and relays), field events (including javelin, discus, hammer, shot put, pole vault, high, long and triple jumps), road events (such as walks and the marathon) and combined events (the heptathlon and the decathlon). Women compete in 23 athletics events during the Games, and men compete in 24; while 21 of the events are the same for both men and women, men exclusively compete in the 50 km walk, the women's combined event is the heptathlon while the men compete in the decathlon, and the short distance hurdles fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World Under-18 Bests In Athletics
Under-18 world best performances in the sport of athletics are the best marks set in competition by athletes aged 17 or younger throughout the entire calendar year of the performance. World Athletics (formerly IAAF) maintains an official list for such performances, but only in specific outdoor and indoor events. All other records shown on this list are tracked by statisticians not officially sanctioned by the world governing body. These age category records were formerly called world youth bests. Outdoor Key: Boys Girls Mixed Indoor World Athletics does not keep official "bests" in indoor events for the Youth division. Boys Girls See also *IAAF World Youth Championships in Athletics * Youth (athletics) Notes :1. Though sometimes called "world youth records", they are not officially recognized or ratified as such by any body. World Athletics refers to them as World Youth Bests (WYB) or World Youth Best Performances instead. References ;GeneralWorld Athletics U-18 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Personal Record
A personal record, or a personal best (abbreviated to PB), is an individual's best performance in a given sporting discipline. It is most commonly found in athletic sports, such as track and field, other forms of running, swimming and weightlifting Weightlifting or weight lifting generally refers to physical exercises and sports in which people lift weights, often in the form of dumbbells, barbells or machines. People engage in weightlifting for a variety of different reasons. These can .... The term came from the world of running, referring to a person's best time in a race of a specific distance. So, if someone runs their first 5K race in 28:45, that's their PB for the 5-kilometre distance. If they run faster than 28:45 in a subsequent 5K race, then they have a new PB for that distance. Over time, PB came to mean any new record in a sport that could be performed by a single person. Although the term "personal best" is increasingly used in official sports statistics, it can ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Road Running
Road running is the sport of running on a measured course over an established road. This differs from track and field on a regular track and cross country running over natural terrain. These events are usually classified as long-distance running, long-distance according to athletics (sport), athletics terminology, with races typically ranging from 5 kilometers to 42.2 kilometers in the marathon. They may involve large numbers of runners or wheelchair racing, wheelchair entrants. Since the late 2010, some road running events also offer Nordic walking, Nordic Walking as a separate competition along the same route. The four most common World Athletics recognized distances for road running events are 5K runs, 10K runs, half marathons and marathons. Running on the road is an alternative surface to running on a trail, track, or treadmill. For many people looking to participate in running as an activity or sport, there are multiple opportunities that can be found on the road. Road ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of World Under-20 Records In Athletics ...
World U20 records in the sport of athletics are ratified by World Athletics. Athletics records comprise the best performance of an athlete before the year of their 20th birthday. Technically, in all under 20 age divisions, the age is calculated "on December 31 of the year of competition" to avoid age group switching during a competitive season. These age category records were formerly referred to as world junior records. Outdoor Key: Men Women Mixed Indoor Men Women Notes References External links *World AthleticsWorld U20 Records {{Junior athletics Junior World The world is the totality of entities, the whole of reality, or everything that Existence, exists. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the world as unique, while others talk ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Performance-enhancing Substance
Performance-enhancing substances (PESs), also known as performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs), are substances that are used to improve any form of activity performance in humans. Many substances, such as anabolic steroids, can be used to improve athletic performance and build muscle, which in most cases is considered cheating in sports, cheating by organized athletic organizations. This usage is often referred to as doping in sport, doping. Athletic performance-enhancing substances are sometimes referred to as ergogenic aids. Cognitive performance-enhancing drugs, commonly called nootropics, are sometimes used by students to improve academic performance. Performance-enhancing substances are also used by military personnel to enhance combat performance. Definition The classifications of substances as performance-enhancing substances are not entirely clear-cut and objective. As in other types of categorization, certain Prototype theory, prototype performance enhancers are universally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IAAF Diamond League
The Diamond League is an annual series of elite track and field athletic competitions comprising fifteen invitational athletics meetings. The series sits in the top tier of the World Athletics one-day meet competitions. The inaugural season was in 2010. It was designed to replace the IAAF Golden League, which had been held annually since 1998. The full sponsorship name is the Wanda Diamond League, the result of an agreement with Wanda Group that was announced in December 2019. While the Golden League was formed to increase the profile of the leading European athletics competitions, the Diamond League's aim is to "enhance the worldwide appeal of athletics by going outside Europe for the first time." In addition to the original Golden League members (except Berlin) and other traditional European competitions, the series now includes events in China, Qatar, Morocco, and the United States. Beginning in March 2022, after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Diamond League exclu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Meet Records In Athletics
The list provides links to all lists of meet records for athletics competitions. These are the best performances set during the course of a specific competition. Multi-sport events typically refer to these as games records while single-sport championships refer to them as championship records. For non-championship competitions, the term meet or meeting record is usually used. Global championships * Olympics * IAAF World Championships * IAAF World Indoor Championships * IAAF World Junior Championships in Athletics * IAAF World Relays * Universiade International championships records * ALBA Games * African Championships in Athletics * African Junior Athletics Championships * Asian Athletics Championships * Asian Indoor Athletics Championships * Asian Junior Athletics Championships * Bolivarian Games * CARIFTA Games * Central American Championships * Central American Games * Central American Junior and Youth Championships * Central American and Caribbean Championships * Centr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Records In Athletics
National records in athletics are the marks achieved by a nation's best athlete or athletes in a particular athletics event. These records are ratified by the respective national athletics governing body. A national record may also be the respective continental record (also called "area record" ()), or even the world record (WR) in that event. Record lists The following articles list records for particular nations: * Afghanistan * Albania * Algeria * American Samoa * Andorra * Angola * Anguilla * Antigua and Barbuda * Argentina * Armenia * Aruba * Australia * Austria * Azerbaijan * Bahamas * Bahrain * Bangladesh * Barbados * Belarus * Belgium * Belize * Benin * Bermuda * Bhutan * Bolivia * Bosnia and Herzegovina * Botswana * Brazil * British Virgin Islands * Brunei * Bulgaria * Burkina Faso * Burundi * Cambodia * Cameroon * Canada * Cape Verde * Cayman Islands * Central African Republic * Chad * Chile * China * Taiwan * Colombia * Comoros * Democratic Republic of the Congo * Repu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of European Records In Athletics
European records in the sport of athletics (sport), athletics are ratified by the European Athletic Association. Records are kept for all events contested at the Athletics at the Summer Olympics, Olympic Games and some others. Unofficial records for some other events are kept by track and field statisticians. Records are kept for events in track and field, road running, and racewalking. Key to tables Key: # = not recognised by European Athletics or/and World Athletics a = aided road course according to World Athletics rule 31.21.3 (separation between start and finish points more than 50% of race distance or the decrease in elevation greater than one in a thousand) est = estimate WB = world best Outdoor Men Women Mixed Indoor Men Women Mixed European best (outdoor) for non-standard events Men Women European best (indoor) for non-standard events Men Women See also * Notes References ;GeneralEuropean Records''18 May 2025 updated'' ;Sp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Paralympic Records In Athletics
The International Paralympic Committee recognises the fastest performances in athletics events at the Paralympic Games. Athletics has been part of every Summer Paralympic Games. In Paralympic athletics competitions, athletes are given a class depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classes are as follows: * 11–13: Blind and visually impaired * 20: Intellectually disabled * 32–38: Athletes with cerebral palsy; classes 32–34 compete in wheelchairs, while 35–38 are ambulant * 40–46: Ambutant athletes with upper body amputations or other disabilities such as dwarfism * 51–58: Wheelchair athletes with spinal cord injuries or amputations * 61-64: Ambutant athletes with lower body amputations Men's Key: 100 m 200 m 400 m 800 m 1500 m 5000 m 10000 m High Jump Long Jump Triple Jump Shot Put Discus Throw Javelin Club throw Pentathlon Women's 100 m 200 m 400 m 800 m 1500 m 5000 m 10000 m High Jump Long J ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
