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Archetype (textual Criticism)
In textual criticism, an archetype is a text that originates a textual tradition. By using a stemmatic approach, the textual critic tries to trace the oldest surviving manuscript and show the relationship it has to its ancestors. This makes it possible to compare changes made in different traditions branching off from the archetype, and develop an edition that reconstructs the text of the archetype as closely as possible. An archetype should not be confused with the autograph An autograph is a person's own handwriting or signature. The word ''autograph'' comes from Ancient Greek (, ''autós'', "self" and , ''gráphō'', "write"), and can mean more specifically: Gove, Philip B. (ed.), 1981. ''Webster's Third New Intern ..., which is the first handwritten manuscript by an author. The archetype is also commonly mistaken to be the original text, although many would argue that it is impossible to locate an original text Epp, Eldon Jay. "The Multivalence of the Term 'Original Text' in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Textual Criticism
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts (mss) or of printed books. Such texts may range in dates from the earliest writing in cuneiform, impressed on clay, for example, to multiple unpublished versions of a 21st-century author's work. Historically, scribes who were paid to copy documents may have been literate, but many were simply copyists, mimicking the shapes of letters without necessarily understanding what they meant. This means that unintentional alterations were common when copying manuscripts by hand. Intentional alterations may have been made as well, for example, the censoring of printed work for political, religious or cultural reasons. The objective of the textual critic's work is to provide a better understanding of the creation and historical transmission of the text and its variants. This understanding may ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stemmatics
Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts (mss) or of printed books. Such texts may range in dates from the earliest writing in cuneiform, impressed on clay, for example, to multiple unpublished versions of a 21st-century author's work. Historically, scribes who were paid to copy documents may have been literate, but many were simply copyists, mimicking the shapes of letters without necessarily understanding what they meant. This means that unintentional alterations were common when copying manuscripts by hand. Intentional alterations may have been made as well, for example, the censoring of printed work for political, religious or cultural reasons. The objective of the textual critic's work is to provide a better understanding of the creation and historical transmission of the text and its variants. This understanding may lead ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Autograph
An autograph is a person's own handwriting or signature. The word ''autograph'' comes from Ancient Greek (, ''autós'', "self" and , ''gráphō'', "write"), and can mean more specifically: Gove, Philip B. (ed.), 1981. ''Webster's Third New International Dictionary'', p. 147. * a manuscript written by the author of its content. In this meaning the term ''autograph'' can often be used interchangeably with holograph. * a celebrity's handwritten signature. Autograph collecting is the activity of collecting such autographs. History What might be considered the oldest "autograph" is a Sumerian clay table from about 3100 BC which includes the name of the scribe Gar.Ama. No ancient written autographs have been found, and the earliest one known for a major historical figure is that of El Cid from 1098. Autograph manuscript "Autograph" can refer to a document transcribed entirely in the handwriting of its author, as opposed to a typeset document or one written by an amanuensis o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eldon Epp
Eldon Jay Epp (born 1930) is an American New Testament scholar and textual critic. Epp studied at Wheaton College (Bachelor of Arts, 1952), Fuller Theological Seminary (Bachelor of Divinity, 1955), Harvard University (Master of Sacred Theology; 1956; Doctor of Philosophy, 1961). He taught at the University of Southern California from 1962 to 1968, and at Case Western Reserve University from 1968 to 1998. According to Jennifer Wright Knust and Tommy Wasserman, Epp has "tirelessly devoted himself to the careful reconstruction of ancient texts and their histories as well as to the transmission of knowledge about how to undertake this crucial task." Epp is also well known for arguing in his ''Junia: The First Woman Apostle'' ( Fortress Press, 2005) that Junia in Romans 16:7 was a female apostle. Epp's monograph has been influential in shifting the consensus of New Testament scholarship on this point. Epp served as President of the Society of Biblical Literature The Society of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Exemplar (textual Criticism)
In textual criticism, an exemplar is the text used to produce another text. In the study of the history of a text an especially important exemplar is that which precedes any split in the tradition of that text, that is, before significant textual variations occur in different versions: such an exemplar is called an archetype The concept of an archetype ( ) appears in areas relating to behavior, historical psychology, philosophy and literary analysis. An archetype can be any of the following: # a statement, pattern of behavior, prototype, "first" form, or a main mo .... Textual criticism Biblical criticism Textual scholarship {{textual-criticism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Urtext (Biblical Studies)
In biblical studies, the Urtext is the theorized original, uniform text of the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh), preceding both the Septuagint (LXX) and the Masoretic Text (MT). Since the 19th century there has been much scholarly work to regain this ''Urtext''. The theory that there was an Urtext was advocated by Paul de Lagarde. Today it is disputed that there ever was such a uniform text.Isaac Leo Seeligmann, Robert Hanhart, Hermann Spieckermann: ''The Septuagint Version of Isaiah and Cognate Studies'', Tübingen 2004, pages 33-34. See also * Documentary hypothesis * Supplementary hypothesis In biblical studies, the supplementary hypothesis proposes that the Pentateuch (the first five books of the Bible) was derived from a series of direct additions to an existing corpus of work. It serves as a revision to the earlier documentary hy ... * Q source References Biblical criticism Early versions of the Bible Hypothetical documents {{bible-criticism-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
