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Antoine De Gramont, 2nd Duke Of Gramont
Antoine de Gramont, 2nd Duke of Gramont, ''comte de Guiche,'' ''comte de Gramont,'' ''comte de Louvigny,'' ''Souverain de Bidache'' (''Antoine AgĂ©nor''; 1604 – 12 July 1678) was a French military commander and diplomat. He served as Marshal of France from 1641, Viceroy of Navarre and BĂ©arn, and Governor of Bayonne. Life and career Antoine de Gramont came from an old southern French noble family. His father was Antoine II de Gramont, and his mother was Louise de Roquelaure (d. 1610), daughter of Marshal Roquelaure (1544â1625). He had a younger half-brother, Philibert de Gramont, from their father's second marriage to Claude de Montmorency. Gramont was a loyal supporter of Richelieu. It is said that he once toasted to Richelieu saying that the cardinal was more important to him than the king and the entire royal family. Gramont took part in many battles of the Thirty Years War, was promoted to Marshal of France on 22 September 1641, and obtained the title of Duke of G ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gramont Family
The House of Gramont is the name of an old French noble family, whose name is connected to the castle of Gramont (''Agramont'' in Spanish) Basque province of Lower Navarre, France.Precisely on the territory of what is now the French commune of Bergouey-Viellenave, see Jaurgain and Ritter, volume 1, p. 5-7 Notable members * Antoine III de Gramont (1604â1678), Military officer and diplomat, with the title MarĂ©chal de France (1641). * Catherine-Charlotte de Gramont (1639â1678), princesse de Monaco and mistress of Louis XIV, daughter of the previous. * Guy Armand de Gramont, Comte de Guiche (1637-1673), notable adventurer and playboy. Openly bisexual, he was a lover of Prince Philippe of France, and (allegedly) of Philippe's wife, Henrietta of England. Son of first, brother of second. * Antoine V de Gramont (1671â1725), duc de Gramont (also named ''duc de Guiche''), MarĂ©chal de France (1724), grandson of the first. * Louis of Gramont (1689â1745), defeated in the B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maria Theresa Of Spain
Maria Theresa of Spain (; ; 10 September 1638 â 30 July 1683) was Queen consort of France, Queen of France from 1660 to 1683 as the wife of King Louis XIV. She was born an Infante, Infanta of Spain and Portugal as the daughter of King Philip IV of Spain, Philip IV and Elisabeth of France (1602â1644), Elisabeth of France, and was also an Archduke#Usage, Archduchess of Austria as a member of the Spanish branch of the House of Habsburg. Her marriage in 1660 to King Louis XIV, her double first cousin, was arranged with the purpose of ending the lengthy Franco-Spanish War (1635â1659), war between France and Spain. Famed for her virtue and piety, she saw five of her six children die in early childhood, and is frequently viewed as an object of pity in historical accounts of her husband's reign, since she was often neglected by the court and overshadowed by the King's many mistresses. Without any political influence in the French court or government (except briefly in 1672, when sh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Raymond Ritter
Raymond is a male given name of Germanic origin. It was borrowed into English from French (older French spellings were Reimund and Raimund, whereas the modern English and French spellings are identical). It originated as the Germanic á±ášá·ááŸááąáŸá (''Raginmund'') or á±áá·ááŸááąáŸá (''Reginmund''). ''Ragin'' ( Gothic) and ''regin'' (Old German) meant "counsel". The Old High German ''mund'' originally meant "hand", but came to mean "protection". This etymology suggests that the name originated in the Early Middle Ages, possibly from Latin. Alternatively, the name can also be derived from Germanic Hraidmund, the first element being ''Hraid'', possibly meaning "fame" (compare ''Hrod'', found in names such as Robert, Roderick, Rudolph, Roland, Rodney and Roger) and ''mund'' meaning "protector". Despite the German and French origins of the English name, some of its early uses in English documents appear in Latinized form. As a surname, its first recorded ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Diane D'Andoins
Diane may refer to: People *Diane (given name) Film * ''Diane'' (1929 film), a German silent film * ''Diane'' (1956 film), a historical drama film starring Lana Turner * ''Diane'' (2017 film), a mystery film directed by Michael Mongillo * ''Diane'' (2018 film), a drama film starring Mary Kay Place Music * ''Diane'' (album), by Chet Baker and Paul Bley, 1985 * "Diane" (Cam song), 2017 * "Diane" (Erno Rapee and Lew Pollack song), a 1927 composition covered by many, including a 1964 UK #1 by The Bachelors * "Diane", a song by Art Pepper from '' The Art Pepper Quartet'' * "Diane" (HĂŒsker DĂŒ song), 1983 * "Diane", a song by Guster from '' Keep It Together'' * "Diane", a song by Don Patterson with Sonny Stitt and Billy James from '' The Boss Men'' Other uses * Diana (mythology), a name of the deity Artemis * The Dianne, a high-rise residential building in Portland, Oregon, US * Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate, a birth control pill sold under the brand names Diane and Dia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry IV Of France
Henry IV (; 13 December 1553 â 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry (''le Bon Roi Henri'') or Henry the Great (''Henri le Grand''), was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610. He was the first monarch of France from the House of Bourbon, a cadet branch of the Capetian dynasty. He pragmatically balanced the interests of the Catholic and Protestant parties in France, as well as among the European states. He was assassinated in Paris in 1610 by a Catholic zealot, and was succeeded by his son Louis XIII. Henry was baptised a Catholic but raised as a Huguenot in the Protestant faith by his mother, Queen Jeanne III of Navarre. He inherited the throne of Navarre in 1572 on his mother's death. As a Huguenot, Henry was involved in the French Wars of Religion, barely escaping assassination in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. He later led Protestant forces against the French royal army. Henry inherited the thro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Louis XIV Of France
LouisXIV (Louis-Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), also known as Louis the Great () or the Sun King (), was King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715. His verified reign of 72 years and 110 days is the List of longest-reigning monarchs, longest of any monarch in history. An emblem of the Absolutism (European history), age of absolutism in Europe, Louis XIV's legacy includes French colonial empire, French colonial expansion, the conclusion of the Thirty Years' War involving the Habsburgs, and a controlling influence on the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, style of fine arts and architecture in France, including the transformation of the Palace of Versailles into a center of royal power and politics. Louis XIV's pageantry and opulence helped define the French Baroque architecture, French Baroque style of art and architecture and promoted his image as absolute ruler of France in the early modern period. Louis XIV began his personal rule of France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Monegasque Consorts
A list is a set of discrete items of information collected and set forth in some format for utility, entertainment, or other purposes. A list may be memorialized in any number of ways, including existing only in the mind of the list-maker, but lists are frequently written down on paper, or maintained electronically. Lists are "most frequently a tool", and "one does not ''read'' but only ''uses'' a list: one looks up the relevant information in it, but usually does not need to deal with it as a whole".Lucie DoleĆŸalovĂĄ,The Potential and Limitations of Studying Lists, in Lucie DoleĆŸalovĂĄ, ed., ''The Charm of a List: From the Sumerians to Computerised Data Processing'' (2009). Purpose It has been observed that, with a few exceptions, "the scholarship on lists remains fragmented". David Wallechinsky, a co-author of '' The Book of Lists'', described the attraction of lists as being "because we live in an era of overstimulation, especially in terms of information, and lists help us ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Princess Henrietta Of England
Henrietta of England (Henrietta Anne Stuart; 16 June 1644 O.S. New_Style.html" ;"title="6 June 1644 New Style">N.S.â 30 June 1670) was the youngest child of King Charles I of England and his wife, Henrietta Maria of France. She was Duchess of OrlĂ©ans through her marriage to Philippe I, Duke of OrlĂ©ans. Fleeing England with her mother as an infant in the midst of the English Civil War, Henrietta moved to the court of her first cousin King Louis XIV of France, where she was known as ''Minette''. She married her cousin Philippe I, Duke of OrlĂ©ans and became a '' fille de France'', but their relationship was marked by frequent tensions over common suitors. Henrietta played an instrumental role in negotiating the Secret Treaty of Dover between France and England against the Dutch Republic in June 1670, the same month as her unexpected death at the age of 26. Jacobite claims to the British throne after Henry Benedict Stuart's death descend from her daughter Anne Marie. Inf ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Philippe I, Duke Of Orléans
''Monsieur'' Philippe I, Duke of OrlĂ©ans (21 September 1640 â 9 June 1701) was the younger son of King Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria, and the younger brother of King Louis XIV. He was the founder of the House of OrlĂ©ans, a cadet branch of the ruling House of Bourbon. Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of OrlĂ©ans upon the death of his uncle Gaston, Duke of OrlĂ©ans, Gaston in 1660. He was also granted the dukedoms of Counts and dukes of Valois, Valois, List of counts and dukes of Chartres, Chartres and Duke of Nemours, Nemours. Known as ''le Petit Monsieur'' or simply ''Monsieur'', Philippe was a distinguished military commander and took part in the War of Devolution and the Franco-Dutch War, the latter of which saw his victory over William III of England, William of Orange at the Battle of Cassel (1677), Battle of Cassel. Through careful personal administration, he greatly augmented the fortunes of the House of OrlĂ©ans, which rivalled th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antoine Hamilton
Anthony Hamilton Privy Council of Ireland, PC (Ire) ( â 1719), also known as Antoine and comte d'Hamilton, was a soldier and a writer. As a Catholic of Irish and Scottish ancestry, his parents brought him to France in 1651 when Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, Cromwell's army overran Ireland. At the Stuart Restoration, Restoration the family moved to England and lived at Whitehall. When Catholics were excluded from the army, Anthony followed his brother George Hamilton, Comte d'Hamilton, George into French service and fought in the Franco-Dutch War (1672â1678). He was wounded in the Battle of Entzheim. After the accession of the Catholic James II of England, James II in 1685, he joined the Irish Army (1661â1801), Irish Army and fought for the Jacobitism, Jacobites in the Williamite War in Ireland, Williamite War (1689â1691). He saw action in the battles of Battle of Newtownbutler, Newtownbutler and the Battle of the Boyne, Boyne. The defeat led him to his last Fre ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles II Of England
Charles II (29 May 1630 â 6 February 1685) was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and King of Ireland, Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France. After Charles I's execution at Palace of Whitehall, Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War, the Parliament of Scotland proclaimed Charles II king on 5 February 1649. However, England entered the period known as the English Interregnum or the English Commonwealth with a republican government eventually led by Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell defeated Charles II at the Battle of Worcester on 3 September 1651, and Charles Escape of Charles II, fled to mainland Europe. Cromwell became Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Charles spent the next nine years in exile in France, the Dutch Republic and the Spanish Netherlands. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siege Of Arras (1640)
The siege of Arras took place from 22 June to 9 August 1640, during the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635, a connected conflict of the Thirty Years' War. A French army besieged the Spanish-held town of Arras, capital of the province of Artois, then part of the Spanish Netherlands, which surrendered after holding out for 48 days. Arras was held by a garrison of 2,000, commanded by Owen Roe O'Neill, an Irish exile in Spanish service. Despite a counter-blockade by a Spanish field army under Charles of Lorraine, which brought the French to near starvation, they were eventually resupplied, and the garrison surrendered on 9 August. Ceded to France in the 1659 Treaty of the Pyrenees, Arras has remained part of France ever since. The siege is also notable for the participation of French poet and playwright Cyrano de Bergerac, who was wounded on 8 August in a Spanish attack. Background 17th century Europe was dominated by the struggle between the Bourbon kings of France ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
