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Annales Martyrum
The ''Annales martyrum'' is a medieval Iberian annalistic composition that compiles a series of records in chronological order, mostly related to Christian martyrs. Two medieval versions of this text are known. The first was copied onto a folio added to the so-called ''Códice de Azagra'' in the 10th century and was probably written in the Monastery of Cardeña. The second is found in the ''Códice de Roda'', a manuscript produced in La Rioja La Rioja () is an autonomous communities in Spain, autonomous community and provinces of Spain, province in Spain, in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. Its capital is Logroño. Other List of municipalities in La Rioja, cities and towns in the ... at the end of the 10th century. In this version, the annalistic series is preceded by a list of ten Roman emperors who persecuted the Christians, titled ''Nomina imperatorum qui christianis persequuti sunt''. References Iberian chronicles {{Hist-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Annals
Annals (, from , "year") are a concise history, historical record in which events are arranged chronology, chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record. Scope The nature of the distinction between annals and history is a subject based on divisions established by the ancient Romans. Verrius Flaccus, quoted by Aulus Gellius, stated that the etymology of ''history'' (from Ancient Greek, Greek , , equated with Latin , "to inquire in person") properly restricts it to primary sources such as Thucydides's which have come from the author's own observations, while annals record the events of earlier times arranged according to years. Hayden White distinguishes annals from chronicles, which organize their events by topics such as the reigns of kings, and from histories, which aim to present and conclude a narrative implying the moral importance of the events recorded. Generally speaking, annalists record events drily, leaving the entries u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Martyr
In Christianity, a martyr is a person who was killed for their testimony for Jesus or faith in Jesus. In the years of the early church, stories depict this often occurring through death by sawing, stoning, crucifixion, burning at the stake, or other forms of torture and capital punishment. The word ''martyr'' comes from the Koine word μάρτυς, ''mártys'', which means "witness" or "testimony". At first, the term applied to the Apostles. Once Christians started to undergo persecution, the term came to be applied to those who suffered hardships for their faith. Finally, it was restricted to those who had been killed for their faith. The early Christian period before Constantine I was the "Age of Martyrs". "Early Christians venerated martyrs as powerful intercessors, and their utterances were treasured as inspired by the Holy Spirit." In western Christian art, martyrs are often shown holding a palm frond as an attribute, representing the victory of spirit over flesh, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
10th Century
The 10th century was the period from 901 (represented by the Roman numerals CMI) through 1000 (M) in accordance with the Julian calendar, and the last century of the 1st millennium. In China, the Song dynasty was established, with most of China reuniting after the fall of the Tang dynasty and the following Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The Muslim World experienced a cultural zenith, especially in al-Andalus under the Caliphate of Córdoba and in the Samanid Empire under Ismail Samani. The Abbasid Caliphate continued to exist but with reduced central authority. Additionally, there was a cultural flourishing for the Byzantine Empire, which also reconquered some lost territories, and the First Bulgarian Empire, as well as the Holy Roman Empire during the Ottonian Renaissance. The historian Lynn White mentions of the period that "to the modern eye, it is very nearly the darkest of the Dark Ages ... if it was dark, it was the darkness of the womb". Caesar Baronius ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castrillo Del Val
Castrillo del Val is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is in the valley of the River Arlanzón. According to the 2004 census ( INE), the municipality had a population of 515 inhabitants. Main sights * Abbey of San Pedro de Cardeña (9th-17th century) This abbey was the burial place of El Cid, the 11th century warrior, his wife Jimena Díaz and, supposedly, his horse Babieca. The remains were removed during the Napoleonic Wars when occupying troops ransacked tombs looking for treasure. El Cid and his wife were reburied in Burgos. During the Spanish Civil War the monastery was used as a concentration camp, and its female prisoners were experimented on by Antonio Vallejo-Nájera in order to find a link between intellectual disability and Marxism. Since the 1940s the abbey has belonged to the Trappist order The Trappists, officially known as the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance (, abbreviated as OCSO) and originally ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Códice De Roda
The ''Códice de Roda'' or ''Códice de Meyá'' (Roda or Meyá codex) is a medieval manuscript that represents a unique primary source for details of the 9th- and early 10th-century Kingdom of Navarre and neighbouring principalities. It is currently held in Madrid as Royal Academy of History MS 78.García Villada (1928) The codex is thought to date from the late 10th century, although there are additions from the 11th century, and it was compiled in Navarre, perhaps at Nájera, written in a Visigothic script, Visigothic Minuscule cursive, minuscule in several different hands with cursive marginal notes. It is , and contains 232 wikt:folio, folios. The manuscript appears to have been housed at Nájera in the 12th century, and later in the archives of the cathedral at Roda de Isábena at the end of the 17th century. In the next century, it was acquired by the Prior (ecclesiastical), prior of Santa María de Meyá, passing into private hands, after which only copies and derivative man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
La Rioja
La Rioja () is an autonomous communities in Spain, autonomous community and provinces of Spain, province in Spain, in the north of the Iberian Peninsula. Its capital is Logroño. Other List of municipalities in La Rioja, cities and towns in the province include Calahorra, Arnedo, Alfaro, La Rioja, Alfaro, Haro, La Rioja, Haro, Santo Domingo de la Calzada, and Nájera. It has an estimated population of 315,675 inhabitants (INE 2018), making it the least populated autonomous community of Spain. It covers part of the Ebro valley towards its north and the Iberian Range in the south. The community is a single province, so there is no Provincial deputation (Spain), provincial deputation, and it is organized into 174 municipalities. It borders the Basque Country (province of Álava (province), Álava) to the north, Navarre to the northeast, Aragón to the southeast (province of Zaragoza), and Castilla y León to the west and south (provinces of Burgos (province), Burgos and Province of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
