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Action Force
Action Force is a brand of European action figures released in the 1980s that was based on the ''Action Man'' toyline. It was also used to introduce ''G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero'' toys to European markets. Several publishing companies have produced comic books based on the figures. History First generation (1982) The ''Action Force'' figures were first produced in 1982 by Palitoy, Palitoy Limited, and were released in two waves. They were created in response to the falling sales of the company's larger collection, ''Action Man'', and the comparative success of the smaller Kenner Star Wars action figures, which the company was licensed to sell in Europe. The figures are a mixture of historical military figures (e.g. 7th Armoured Division (United Kingdom), Desert Rat, Stormtroopers (Imperial Germany), German Storm trooper) and of more contemporary soldiers (e.g. Arctic warfare, Arctic and Naval warfare, Naval Assault). In contrast to the American-centric ''G.I. Joe'' figures ...
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Palitoy
Palitoy was a British toy company. It manufactured some of the most popular toys in Britain, some original items and others under licence. Its products included Action Man, Action Girl, Action Force, Tiny Tears, Pippa (doll), Pippa, Tressy, Mainline Model Railways, Merlin (game), Merlin, Star Wars figures, Play-Doh and the Care Bears. History The Cascelloid Company was founded by Alfred Edward Pallett in Coalville, Leicestershire in 1919 to produce celluloid and fancy goods. Their first toy was in 1920 and the first doll in 1925. Cascelloid was bought in 1931 by British Xylonite and the word "Palitoy" was created as a trademark in 1935 for their toy division. Injection moulding was developed by British Xylonite in 1941 and was used for the Palitoy toy ranges. In 1978, the Chad Valley (toy brand), Chad Valley toys company was sold to Palitoy. Palitoy was sold to US food company General Mills in 1968, and formed part of the company's toy division, sometimes known as CPG Products C ...
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Frogman
A frogman is someone who is trained in scuba diving or swimming underwater. The term often applies more to professional rather than recreational divers, especially those working in a tactical capacity that includes military, and in some European countries, police work. Such personnel are also known by the more formal names of combat diver, combatant diver, or combat swimmer. The word ''frogman'' first arose in the stage name the "Fearless Frogman" of Paul Boyton in the 1870s and later was claimed by John Spence, an enlisted member of the U.S. Navy and member of the OSS Maritime Unit, to have been applied to him while he was training in a green waterproof suit. The term ''frogman'' is occasionally used to refer to a civilian scuba diver, such as in a police diving role. In the United Kingdom, police divers have often been called "police frogmen". Some countries' tactical diver organizations include a translation of the word ''frogman'' in their official names, e.g., Denmark ...
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Baron Ironblood
''Action Force'' is a British comic war story published in the weekly anthology ''Battle'' from 8 October 1983 to 29 November 1986 by IPC Magazines; for most of the period the comic was retitled ''Battle Action Force''. The story is based on the toyline of the same name produced by Palitoy, and portrayed multinational Europe-based anti-terrorist military organisation Action Force's attempts to thwart the ambitions of the Red Shadows and – later – Cobra. "Action Force" ended when the toyline's new owners Hasbro discontinued the licence with IPC in favour of a dedicated title produced by Marvel UK. Creation While ''Battle'' was still among IPC's best-selling comics in the early 1980s, sales of weekly titles on the whole were sliding. In response, editor Terry Magee and group editor Barrie Tomlinson relaxed the title's all-war format in favour of allowing stories less anchored in realism. However, this was only a partial success and from 1981 the comic's budget was such th ...
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Battle Action Force
''Battle Picture Weekly'' (at various times also known as ''Battle and Valiant'', ''Battle Action'', ''Battle Action Force'', ''Battle'' and ''Battle with Storm Force'') was a British weekly boys' war comic published by IPC Magazines from 8 March 1975 to 23 January 1988, when it merged with the new incarnation of ''Eagle'' after 644 issues. Most stories were set in World War II, with some based on other conflicts, while factual features also focused on warfare. Devised by Pat Mills and John Wagner in response to rival DC Thomson's similarly themed ''Warlord'', the title was an instant success. Many of the stories printed in the comic have since received critical acclaim and been published in collected editions, notably " Charley's War". Since 2016 Rebellion Developments have owned the majority of ''Battle Picture Weeklys characters and material, and have published revival publications. Creation By the 1970s, IPC Magazines were one of the largest comics publishers in Britain, t ...
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Battle Action Force Tie-in
A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and force commitment. An engagement with only limited commitment between the forces and without decisive results is sometimes called a skirmish. The word "battle" can also be used infrequently to refer to an entire operational campaign, although this usage greatly diverges from its conventional or customary meaning. Generally, the word "battle" is used for such campaigns if referring to a protracted combat encounter in which either one or both of the combatants had the same methods, resources, and strategic objectives throughout the encounter. Some prominent examples of this would be the Battle of the Atlantic, Battle of Britain, and the Battle of France, all in World War II. Wars and military campaigns are guided by military strategy, whereas batt ...
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Snowmobile
A snowmobile, also known as a snowmachine (chiefly Alaskan), motor sled (chiefly Canadian), motor sledge, skimobile, snow scooter, or simply a sled is a motorized vehicle designed for winter travel and recreation on snow. Their engines normally drive a continuous track at the rear, while skis at the front provide directional control. The earliest snowmobiles were powered by readily available industrial four-stroke, air-cooled engines. These would quickly be replaced by lighter and more powerful two-stroke gasoline internal combustion engines and since the mid-2000s four-stroke engines had re-entered the market. The challenges of cross-country transportation in the winter led to the invention of an all-terrain vehicle specifically designed for travel across deep snow where other vehicles foundered. , the snowmobile market has been shared between the four large North American makers (Bombardier Recreational Products (BRP), Arctic Cat, Yamaha, and Polaris) and some specialized m ...
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Amphibious Warfare
Amphibious warfare is a type of offensive military operation that today uses naval ships to project ground and air power onto a hostile or potentially hostile shore at a designated landing beach. Through history the operations were conducted using ship's boats as the primary method of delivering troops to shore. Since the Gallipoli Campaign, specialised watercraft were increasingly designed for landing troops, material and vehicles, including by landing craft and for insertion of commandos, by fast patrol boats, zodiacs (rigid inflatable boats) and from mini-submersibles. The term ''amphibious'' first emerged in the United Kingdom and the United States during the 1930s with introduction of vehicles such as Vickers-Carden-Loyd Light Amphibious Tank or the Landing Vehicle Tracked.The first LVT prototypes were named '' Alligator'' and '' Crocodile'', though neither species is actual amphibian Amphibious warfare includes operations defined by their type, purpose, sca ...
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Willys MB
The Willys MB and the Ford GPW, both formally called the U.S. Army truck, ton, 4×4, command reconnaissance, commonly known as the Willys Jeep, Jeep, or jeep, and sometimes referred to by its List of U.S. military vehicles by supply catalog designation#G-500 to G-599, Standard Army vehicle supply number G-503,According to its United States Army Ordnance Corps Supply Catalog designation, 'G-number', or SNL nr. – a group number for ordering vehicles, weapons, munitions, or parts, based on a List of U.S. Army weapons by supply catalog designation, Standard Nomenclature List (SNL). were highly successful American Off-road vehicle, off-road capable, Military light utility vehicle, light military utility vehicles. Well over 600,000 were built to a single standardized design, for the United States and the Allies of World War II, Allied forces in World War II, from 1941 until 1945. This also made it (by its light weight) the world's first mass-produced four-wheel drive, four-wheel-driv ...
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Zip-line
A zip-line, zip line, zip-wire, flying fox, or death slide''Who Really Benefits from Tourism'', Publ. Equations, Karnataka, India, 2010. Working Papers Series. "Canopy Tourism"page 37/ref>Jacques Marais, Lisa De Speville, ''Adventure Racing'', Publisher Human Kinetics, 2004, , 9780736059114, 160 pagespage 156/ref> is a pulley suspended on a wire rope, cable, usually made of stainless steel, mounted on a slope. It is designed to enable cargo or a person propelled by gravity to travel from the top to the bottom of the inclined cable by holding on to, or being attached to, the freely moving pulley. It has been described as essentially a Tyrolean traverse that engages gravity to assist its speed of movement. Its use is not confined to adventure sport, recreation, or tourism, although modern-day usage tends to favor those meanings.Based on Google search of the term. History Cable transport#Early aerial tramways, Ropeways or aerial cables have been used as a method of transport in som ...
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Paratrooper
A paratrooper or military parachutist is a soldier trained to conduct military operations by parachuting directly into an area of operations, usually as part of a large airborne forces unit. Traditionally paratroopers fight only as light infantry armed with small arms and light weapons, although some paratroopers can also function as artillerymen or mechanized infantry by utilizing field guns, infantry fighting vehicles and light tanks that are often used in surprise attacks to seize strategic positions behind enemy lines such as airfields, bridges and major roads. Overview Paratroopers jump out of aircraft and use parachutes to land safely on the ground. This is one of the three types of "forced entry" strategic techniques for entering a theater (warfare), theater of war; the other two being by land and by water. Their tactical advantage of entering the battlefield from the air is that they can attack areas not directly accessible by other transport. The ability of airbo ...
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Special Air Service
The Special Air Service (SAS) is a special forces unit of the British Army. It was founded as a regiment in 1941 by David Stirling, and in 1950 it was reconstituted as a corps. The unit specialises in a number of roles including counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, direct action (military), direct action and special reconnaissance. Much of the information about the SAS is highly classified information, classified, and the unit is not commented on by either the British government or the Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom), Ministry of Defence due to the secrecy and sensitivity of its operations. The corps currently consists of the 22 Special Air Service Regiment, which is the regular component, as well as the Artists Rifles, 21 Special Air Service Regiment (Artists) (Reserve) and the 23 Special Air Service Regiment (Reserve), which are reserve units, all under the operational command of United Kingdom Special Forces (UKSF). Its sister unit is the Royal Navy's Special Boat Servi ...
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