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Ach Gott, Wie Manches Herzeleid, BWV 58
(Ah God, how much heartbreak), 58, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the dialogue cantata in Leipzig for the Sunday after New Year's Day. The text has been attributed to Christoph Birkmann by Christine Blanken of the Bach-Archiv Leipzig. He combined the topics of the readings, the gospel of the Flight into Egypt and teaching about the suffering of Christians from the First Epistle of Peter, in a structure of unusual symmetry with a duet as the first and last of the five movements. Both duets are dialogues of the Soul, represented by a soprano, and Jesus, sung by a bass as the (voice of Christ). Both duets are set as a chorale fantasia, combining a stanza from a hymn, sung by the soprano as the cantus firmus, with original poetry set in counterpoint. Both stanzas are sung to the same melody, but come from different hymns, Martin Moller's "", and Martin Behm's "". While the poet wrote the duets to fit the same music, Bach composed them in contr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Church Cantata (Bach)
Throughout his life as a musician, Johann Sebastian Bach composed Bach cantata, cantatas for both List of secular cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach, secular and sacred use. He composed his church cantatas for use in the Lutheranism, Lutheran church, mainly intended for the occasions of the liturgical year. Bach's Nekrolog, Bach's ''Nekrolog'' mentions five cantata cycles: "Fünf Jahrgänge von Kirchenstücken, auf alle Sonn- und Festtage" (Five year-cycles of pieces for the church, for all Sundays and feast days), which would amount to at least 275 cantatas,Alfred Dörffel. Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe Volume 27: ''scores:Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe/Thematic Catalogue, Thematisches Verzeichniss der Kirchencantaten No. 1–120''. Breitkopf & Härtel, 1878. Introduction, p. VI or over 320 if all cycles would have been ideal cycles.Günther Zedler''Die Kantaten von Johann Sebastian Bach: Eine Einführung in die Werkgattung''.Books on Demand, 2011. p. 24–25/ref> The extant cantatas ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chorale Fantasia
Chorale fantasia is a type of large composition based on a chorale melody, both works for Pipe organ, organ, and vocal settings, for example the opening movements of Chorale cantata (Bach), Bach's chorale cantatas, with the chorale melody as a cantus firmus. History Chorale fantasias first appeared in the 17th century in the works of German organ schools, North German composers such as Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck (who arguably had the greatest influence on the genre), Heinrich Scheidemann and Franz Tunder (who, however, rarely used the term). Their works would treat each phrase of a chorale differently, thus becoming large, sectional compositions with elaborate development of the chorale melody. By mid-18th century this type of organ composition was practically non-existent. Johann Sebastian Bach used the term first to designate a whole variety of different organ chorale types (during his period in Weimar), and then limited its use to large compositions with the chorale melody prese ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ach Gott, Wie Manches Herzeleid, BWV 3
(Oh God, how much heartache), 3, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Leipzig for the second Sunday after Epiphany and first performed it on 14 January 1725. It is based on the hymn of the same name published by Martin Moller in 1587. Bach composed the cantata in his second year as in Leipzig as part of his chorale cantata cycle, for the Second Sunday after Epiphany. The work is based on the hymn "" in 18 stanzas, a paraphrase of a medieval model, "". This hymn has no evident connection to the prescribed readings but instead a meditation on Jesus as a comforter in distress. In the format of the chorale cantata cycle, an unknown librettist retained only the words of selected stanzas, here the first two and the last for movements 1, 2 and 6, but reworked the ideas of the other stanzas. Similarly, Bach retained the choral melody in three movements, set as a chorale fantasia in the opening chorus with the bass singing the cantus firmus, as a four-par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lutheran Hymn
Martin Luther was a great enthusiast for music, and this is why it forms a large part of Lutheranism, Lutheran services; in particular, Luther admired the composers Josquin des Prez and Ludwig Senfl and wanted singing in the church to move away from the ''ars perfecta'' (Catholic Sacred Music of the late Renaissance) and towards singing as a ''Gemeinschaft'' (community). Lutheran hymns are sometimes known as chorales. Lutheran hymnody is well known for its doctrinal, didactic, and musical richness. Most Lutheran churches are active musically with choirs, handbell choirs, children's choirs, and occasionally change ringing groups that ring bells in a bell tower. Johann Sebastian Bach, a devout Lutheran, composed music for the Lutheran church: more than half of his over 1000 compositions are or contain Lutheran hymns. History Lutheran hymnals include: * ''Achtliederbuch'', a.k.a. the first Lutheran hymnal (1524). Contains, among others, "Nun freut euch, lieben Christen g'mein", "E ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lochamer-Liederbuch
The ''Lochamer-Liederbuch'' (Lochamer Song Book or Locham Song Book) is an extensive collection of German songs at the transition from the late Middle Ages to the Renaissance music, Renaissance. It dates from the mid-15th century and is regarded as one of the most important surviving collections of music from fifteenth-century Germany. Other names are ''Locheimer'' and ''Lochheimer Liederbuch''. Description The song manuscript comprises 45 songs in one-part to three-part settings on 93 pages. 44 songs are in German, one is Dutch. Other sources arrive at 47 or 50 songs. The differences in numbering come from some songs existing in several versions; some melodies are fragmented or without text or title. For almost half of the songs, the book is the only source. The main scrivener was some friar ''Jodocus of Windsheim'', who is thought to have been a student of the school of the Nuremberg organist and composer Conrad Paumann. The bulk of the collection dates from the years 1451 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Schau, Lieber Gott, Wie Meine Feind, BWV 153
(See, dear God, how my enemies), , is a Bach cantata, church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed it in Leipzig for the Sunday after New Year's Day and first performed it on 2 January 1724. History and words Bach wrote the cantata in his first year in Leipzig for the List of church cantatas by liturgical occasion#Sunday after New Year (New Year I), Sunday after New Year's Day and first performed it on 2 January 1724. The prescribed readings for the day are from the First Epistle of Peter, the suffering of Christians (), and from the Gospel of Matthew, the Flight into Egypt (). The unknown poet took Herod's Massacre of the Innocents and the Flight into Egypt as a starting point to reflect in general the situation of the Christians confronted with enemies. The poet is possibly the same person as the author of the two Christmas cantatas , and , performed shortly before, because three hymn stanzas are featured in all three works. The cantata opens with a chorale, the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomaskantor
(Cantor at St. Thomas) is the common name for the musical director of the , now an internationally known boys' choir founded in Leipzig in 1212. The official historic title of the Thomaskantor in Latin, ', describes the two functions of Cantor (Christianity), cantor and director. As the cantor, he prepared the choir for service in four Lutheranism, Lutheran churches, Thomaskirche (St. Thomas), Nikolaikirche, Leipzig, Nikolaikirche (St. Nicholas), St. Matthew, Leipzig, Neue Kirche (New Church) and St. Peter, Leipzig, Peterskirche (St. Peter). As director, he organized music for city functions such as town council elections and homages. Functions related to the university took place at the Paulinerkirche, Leipzig, Paulinerkirche. Johann Sebastian Bach was the most famous , from 1723 to 1750. Position Leipzig has had a Leipzig University, university dating back to 1409, and is a commercial center, hosting a Leipzig Trade Fair, trade fair first mentioned in 1165. It has been mostl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Of Matthew
The Gospel of Matthew is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells the story of who the author believes is Israel's messiah (Christ (title), Christ), Jesus, resurrection of Jesus, his resurrection, and his Great Commission, mission to the world. Matthew wishes to emphasize that the Jewish Christianity, Jewish tradition should not be lost in a church that was increasingly becoming gentile. The gospel reflects the struggles and conflicts between the evangelist's community and the other Jews, particularly with its sharp criticism of the scribes, chief priests and Pharisees with the position that the Kingdom of God (Christianity), Kingdom of Heaven has been taken away from them and given instead to the church. Scholars find numerous problems with the traditional attribution to the Matthew the Apostle, Apostle Matthew, though it is possible the gospel incorporates a source written by the disciple. The predominant scholarly view ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epiphany (holiday)
Epiphany ( ), also known as "Theophany" in Eastern Christian tradition, is a Christian feast day commemorating the visit of the Magi, the baptism of Jesus, and the wedding at Cana. In Western Christianity, the feast commemorates principally (but not solely) the visit of the Magi to the Christ Child, and thus Jesus Christ's physical manifestation to the Gentiles. It is sometimes called Three Kings' Day, and in some traditions celebrated as Little Christmas. Moreover, the feast of the Epiphany, in some denominations, also initiates the liturgical season of Epiphanytide. Eastern Christians, on the other hand, commemorate the baptism of Jesus in the River Jordan, seen as his manifestation to the world as the Son of God, and celebrate it as the Feast of the Epiphany or of the Theophany. The traditional site of the ministry of John the Baptist is in Al-Maghtas in Jordan, with the baptism of Jesus once marked in Byzantine times by a cross in the middle of the Jordan River, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Church Cantatas By Liturgical Occasion
The following is a list of church cantatas, sorted by the liturgical occasion for which they were composed and performed. The genre was particularly popular in 18th-century Lutheran Germany, although there are later examples. The liturgical calendar of the German Reformation era had, without counting Reformation Day and days between Palm Sunday and Easter, 72 occasions for which a cantata could be presented. Composers such as Telemann composed cycles of church cantatas comprising all 72 occasions (e.g. '' Harmonischer Gottes-Dienst''). Such a cycle is called an "ideal" cycle, while in any given liturgical year feast days could coincide with Sundays, and the maximum number of Sundays after Epiphany and the maximum number of Sundays after Trinity could not all occur. In some places, of which Leipzig in Johann Sebastian Bach's time is best known, no concerted music was allowed for the three last Sundays of Advent, nor for the Sundays of Lent (apart when Annunciation fell on a Sund ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chorale Cantata (Bach)
There are 52 chorale cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach surviving in at least one complete version. Around 40 of these were composed during his second year as Thomaskantor in Leipzig, which started after Trinity Sunday 4 June 1724, and form the backbone of his Bach's chorale cantata cycle, chorale cantata cycle. The eldest known Bach cantata, cantata by Bach, an early version of ''Christ lag in Todes Banden, BWV 4, Christ lag in Todes Banden'', Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, BWV 4, presumably written in 1707, was a chorale cantata. The last chorale cantata he wrote in his second year in Leipzig was Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern, BWV 1, ''Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern'', BWV 1, first performed on Palm Sunday, 25 March 1725. In the ten years after that he wrote at least a dozen further chorale cantatas and other cantatas that were added to his chorale cantata cycle. Lutheran hymns, also known as chorales, have a prominent place in the liturgy of that Christian denomination, denomi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baroque Instruments
Musical instruments used in Baroque music were partly used already before, partly are still in use today, but with no technology. The movement to perform music in a Historically informed performance, historically informed way, trying to recreate the sound of the period, led to the use of historic instruments of the period and to the reconstruction of instruments. The following table lists instruments, classified as brass instruments, Woodwind instrument, woodwinds, String instrument, strings, and basso continuo. The continuous bass is played by a group of instruments, depending on the given situation. Many instruments have an Italian or French name which is used as a common name also in English. The use of instruments by composers is shown in examples mostly by Johann Sebastian Bach. Table of instruments Baroque instrumentation The typical orchestra of the Baroque period was based on string instruments (violin, viola) and #Continuo, continuo. A continuous bass was the rule ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
