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Abu Al-Khaṣīb Marzuq
Abu al-Khaṣīb Marzuq was an Abbasid general and administrator during the reign of Abu Ja'far al-Mansur. A ''mawla'' of Mansur in his early life, Abu al-Khasib rose to the position of ''Hajib'' ( chamberlain) in 755. In 760, he was sent by Mansur to conquer Tabaristan from its Dabuyid ruler, Khurshid. After the conquest of Tabaristan, he was appointed as its first Abbasid governor, a position he retained until about 763. Biography Abu al-Khasib was from Sind. According to Ibn Isfandiyar, he had been a client (mawali) of Muthanna ibn al-Hajjaj ibn Qutayba ibn Muslim. He is first mentioned in 755, when he was sent by Abbasid Caliph Mansur as his chamberlain to Abu Muslim Khurasani to calculate what he had acquired by defeating Abdullah ibn Ali, the Caliph's uncle. When Abu Muslim refused to hand over the wealth, Abu al-Khasib returned to Mansur and told him about Abu Muslim's intention. This sowed the seeds of distrust between the caliph and Abu Muslim, ultimately leading to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (; ) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was founded by a dynasty descended from Muhammad's uncle, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (566–653 CE), from whom the dynasty takes its name. After overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate in the Abbasid Revolution of 750 CE (132 AH), they ruled as caliphs based in modern-day Iraq, with Baghdad being their capital for most of their history. The Abbasid Revolution had its origins and first successes in the easterly region of Khurasan, far from the Levantine center of Umayyad influence. The Abbasid Caliphate first centered its government in Kufa, modern-day Iraq, but in 762 the caliph al-Mansur founded the city of Baghdad as the new capital. Baghdad became the center of science, culture, arts, and invention in what became known as the Golden Age of Islam. By housing several key academic institutions, including the House of Wisdom, as well as a multiethnic and multi- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Al-Sindi Ibn Shahak
Al-Sindi ibn Shahak (died 819) was a late 8th-century Abbasid general and administrator who served as the governor of Syria, Damascus and Baghdad under al-Mansur, Harun ar-Rashid and al-Amin. As the head of ''shurta'' (military police), he oversaw the destruction and confiscation of properties belonging to the Barmakids during the reign of Harun. Biography The origins of al-Sindi are obscure; he was apparently a former slaver from Punjab who had risen to high status. He was a client (''mawali'') of Abbasid caliph al-Mansur, and served as governor of Syria during his reign. In 792 or 793, he was sent by Harun al Rashid to quell the revolt of Abū al-Hadhām in Damascus as commander of Khurasani troops, where he is mentioned as governor for Musa ibn Isa. He commanded the garrison of Damascus (''Jund Dimashq'') for a few years. A decade later, he is mentioned as the governor of Baghdad in 802 (186 H) by Ibn al-Jawzi. During the reign of Harun, al-Sindi was the ''sahib al-shurta'', a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Al-Khaseeb District
Abu Al-Khaseeb District () is a district of the Basra Governorate, Iraq. Its seat is the town of Abu Al-Khaseeb. It got its name from ''Abu al-Khasib canal'', which was excavated by and named after a client of the 8th-century Abbasid caliph, Abu al-Khaṣīb Marzuq. References Districts of Basra Province {{Iraq-geo-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basra Governorate
Basra Governorate ( ), also called Basra Province, is a governorate in southern Iraq in the region of Arabian Peninsula, bordering Kuwait to the south and Iran to the east. The capital is the city of Basra, located in the Basrah district. Other districts of Basra include Al-Qurna, Al-Zubair, Al-Midaina, Shatt Al-Arab, Abu Al-Khaseeb and Al-Faw located on the Persian Gulf. It is the only governorate with a coastline. History In 1920, after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, the United Kingdom took over the former Ottoman vilayets of Basra, Baghdad and Mosul which had together formed the historical region of ''Irak Arabi'' or '' Irak Babeli'', and called it the British Mandate of Mesopotamia or Mandatory Iraq. The mandate was succeeded by the Kingdom of Iraq in 1932. The local Shiite population suffered long and hard under Saddam's rule. The city of Basra had suffered considerably during the eight-year war with Iran and Allied bombardment and in 1991 duri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sari, Iran
Sari ( ) is a city in the Central District (Sari County), Central District of Sari County, Mazandaran province, Mazandaran Province, serving as capital of the district, county, and province. Sari was the former capital of Iran for a short period and is in the north of the country, between the northern slopes of the Alborz, Alborz Mountains and southern coast of the Caspian Sea, Mazandaran Sea. Sari is the largest and most populous city of Mazandaran. History Early history Excavations in the Huto and Kamarband Caves, Hutto cave present evidence for the existence of settlements around Sari as far back as the 7th millennium BCE. The Muslim historian Hamdollah Mostowfi attributes the foundation of Sari to king Tahmuras, Tahmoures Divband of the Pishdadian Dynasty. Ferdowsi mentions the name of the city in Shahnameh, at the time of Fereydun and Manuchehr, when Manuchehr is returning to Fereydun's capital, Tamisheh in Mazandaran, after the victory over Salm (son of Fereydun), Salm an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ispahbadh
''Spāhbad'' (also spelled ''spahbod'') is a Middle Persian title meaning "army chief" used chiefly in the Sasanian Empire. Originally there was a single ''spāhbad'', called the , who functioned as the generalissimo of the Sasanian army. From the time of Khosrow I ( 531–579) on, the office was split in four, with a ''spāhbad'' for each of the cardinal directions.Gyselen (2004) After the Muslim conquest of Persia, the ''spāhbed'' of the East managed to retain his authority over the inaccessible mountainous region of Tabaristan on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea, where the title, often in its Islamic form (; in ), survived as a regnal title until the Mongol conquests of the 13th century.Bosworth (1978), pp. 207–208 An equivalent title of Persian origin, '' ispahsālār or sipahsālār'', gained great currency across the Muslim world in the 10th–15th centuries. The title was also adopted by the Armenians (, ) and the Georgians ( ka, სპასპეტი, ), as we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ma'n Ibn Za'ida Al-Shaybani
Abu'l-Walid Ma'n ibn Za'ida al-Shaybani () (died 769/70) was an 8th-century Arab general of the Shayban tribe, who served both the Umayyads and the Abbasids. Under the Umayyads Ma'n was a member of the nobility of the Shayban tribe, settled in the Jazira, and the first member of his family to rise to prominence.Bianquis (1997), p. 391Crone (1980), p. 169Kennedy (1991), p. 345 He entered the service of the Umayyad Caliphate, and under the patronage of the powerful governor of Iraq, Yazid ibn Umar ibn Hubayra, was sent to command against Abdallah ibn Mu'awiya in Fars in 746/7. During the Abbasid Revolution, he returned to Iraq and fought against the Abbasids at the Siege of Wasit, again under Ibn Hubayra's command; indeed, he was one of those who claimed to have killed the Abbasid commander Qahtaba ibn Shabib al-Ta'i. He was spared the execution of the leaders of the Wasit garrison after their surrender, having been sent to Kufa to submit to Caliph al-Saffah on Ibn Hubayr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abdullah Ibn Ali
Abdullah may refer to: * Abdullah (name), a list of people with the given name or surname * Abdullah, Kargı, Turkey, a village * ''Abdullah'' (film), a 1980 Bollywood film directed by Sanjay Khan * '' Abdullah: The Final Witness'', a 2015 Pakistani drama film * Abdullah (band), an American metal band * Abdullah (horse) (1970–2000), a horse that competed in the sport of show jumping * MV Abdullah, 2015 built bulk carrier * "Abdullah" (''I Dream of Jeannie''), a 1968 television episode See also * Abdalla people, an ethnic group in Kenya * Abdollah (other) Abdollah may refer to: People * Abdollah Jassbi, Iranian academic * Abdollah Mojtabavi, Iranian sport wrestler * Abdollah Hedayat, Iranian army general * Abdollah Movahed, Iranian sport wrestler * Abdollah Nouri, Iranian reformist politician * ... * Abdulla (other) {{disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Abu Muslim Khurasani
Abu Muslim Abd al-Rahman ibn Muslim al-Khurasani (; ; 718/19 or 723/27 – 755) was a Persian general who led the Abbasid Revolution that toppled the Umayyad dynasty, leading to the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate. Little is known about Abu Muslim's origins, but by the early 740s he had been in contact with Abbasid agents and around the year 745 he was sent to Khorasan. In 747, Abu Muslim ignited an open revolt against Umayyad rule and quickly took the city of Merv. He gradually strengthened Abbasid control over Khorasan, and was appointed governor of the province following the establishment of the Abbasid caliphate in 750. Wary of Abu Muslim's rising influence and popularity, the second Abbasid caliph, al-Mansur, ordered his death. He was executed in front of the caliph in Al-Mada'in in 755 on charges of heresy. Origin and name According to Gholam-Hosayn Yusofi, "sources differ regarding his original name and his origin. Some make him a descendant of Gōdarz and of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ibn Isfandiyar
Baha al-Din Muhammad ibn Hasan ibn Isfandiyar (), commonly known as Ibn Isfandiyar (), was a 13th-century Iranian historian from Tabaristan who wrote a history of his native province, the ''Tarikh-i Tabaristan''. What little is known of his life comes from the introduction of this work. Biography Ibn Isfandiyar belonged to a prominent bureaucratic family from Amol, the capital of Tabaristan. His father Hasan was a high-ranking court official of the Bavandids, the ruling dynasty of Tabaristan. In his early career, Ibn Isfandiyar was a member of the court of the Bavandids and enjoyed the patronage of Ardashir I (died 1206). He began compiling material for his history in 1206, which up to then mainly consisted of the ''Bavand-nameh'', a now-lost, presumably Persian work which Ibn Isfandiyar viewed as a Bavandid romance only. In 1209 he travelled briefly to Baghdad. On his return, he stayed for two months in Rayy, where he came across in Rustam ibn Shahriyar's library the ''Uqidu s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor
A governor is an politician, administrative leader and head of a polity or Region#Political regions, political region, in some cases, such as governor-general, governors-general, as the head of a state's official representative. Depending on the type of political region or polity, a ''governor'' may be either appointed or elected, and the governor's powers can vary significantly, depending on the public laws in place locally. The adjective pertaining to a governor is gubernatorial, from the Latin root ''gubernare''. In a federated state, the governor may serve as head of state and head of government for their regional polity, while still operating under the laws of the federation, which has its own head of state for the entire federation. Ancient empires Pre-Roman empires Though the legal and administrative framework of provinces, each administered by a governor, was created by the ancient Rome, Romans, the term ''governor'' has been a convenient term for historians to describe si ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
