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1922 Hungarian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary between 28 May and 2 June 1922.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p899 The result was a victory for the Unity Party (a renamed National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party),Nohlen & Stöver, p876 which won 140 of the 245 seats in Parliament, the vast majority in "open" constituencies where there was no secret ballot. Electoral system Prior to the election the United Party-led government changed the electoral system in order to ensure it retained its leading position. This involved reintroducing open elections and restricting the electoral census. The reforms were passed by a decree by Prime Minister István Bethlen as Parliament had already been dissolved. For the election the country was divided into 219 constituencies. Of these, 215 were single member constituencies and four multi-member constituencies. Within the 215 single member constituencies, only 20 were elected by secret ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1920 Hungarian Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Hungary on 25 and 26 January 1920.Dieter Nohlen & Phillip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p899 However, they were only held in 164 districts. After the Treaty of Trianon was signed, the 44 districts previously occupied by Romania voted between 13 June and 5 July, whilst the 11 districts occupied by Serbia did not vote until 30 and 31 October 1921. The election was held with compulsory voting. In protest at this and other changes to the franchise that left 60% of the voting age population unable to vote, the Hungarian Social Democratic Party boycotted the elections,Nohlen & Stöver, p875 and called for its supporters to cast invalid votes, resulting in an unusually high number of blank or invalid votes – 12% in the January elections and over 20% in Budapest and other major cities. The National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party and the Christian National Union Party between them won 194 of the 219 seats, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
'48 Smallholders Party
The '48 Smallholders Party ( hu, 48-as Kisgazda Párt, 48KGP) was a political party in Hungary during the early 1920s. History The party first contested national elections in 1922,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p907 winning two seats in the parliamentary elections A general election is a political voting election where generally all or most members of a given political body are chosen. These are usually held for a nation, state, or territory's primary legislative body, and are different from by-elections ( ... that year. After 1922 the party did not contest any further elections. References {{Hungarian political parties Defunct political parties in Hungary Political parties with year of establishment missing Political parties with year of disestablishment missing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elections In Hungary
Elections in Hungary are held at two levels: general elections to elect the members of the National Assembly and local elections to elect local authorities. European Parliament elections are also held every 5 years. National Assembly elections Following a reform in 2012, general elections are now conducted under a one-round, two-ballot system. The total number of seats has been reduced and regional lists have been eliminated. The number of single-member seats has increased from 45.56% of the total to 53.3%. The first ballot is to choose MPs for 106 single-member districts using first-past-the-post. The remaining 93 party-list national seats are allocated based on the sum of second ballot list votes and wasted votes from the first ballot. Wasted votes are votes that were cast for unsuccessful candidates or surplus votes for winning candidates. This formula for allocating national seats is a cross between a parallel mixed system and a compensatory mixed system. The 2014 elections ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1922 Elections In Europe
Nineteen or 19 may refer to: * 19 (number), the natural number following 18 and preceding 20 * one of the years 19 BC, AD 19, 1919, 2019 Films * ''19'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''Nineteen'' (film), a 1987 science fiction film Music * 19 (band), a Japanese pop music duo Albums * ''19'' (Adele album), 2008 * ''19'', a 2003 album by Alsou * ''19'', a 2006 album by Evan Yo * ''19'', a 2018 album by MHD * ''19'', one half of the double album ''63/19'' by Kool A.D. * ''Number Nineteen'', a 1971 album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron * ''XIX'' (EP), a 2019 EP by 1the9 Songs * "19" (song), a 1985 song by British musician Paul Hardcastle. * "Nineteen", a song by Bad4Good from the 1992 album ''Refugee'' * "Nineteen", a song by Karma to Burn from the 2001 album ''Almost Heathen''. * "Nineteen" (song), a 2007 song by American singer Billy Ray Cyrus. * "Nineteen", a song by Tegan and Sara from the 2007 album '' The Con''. * "XIX" (song), a 2014 song by Slipknot. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian National Party (Hungary)
The Christian National Party ( hu, Keresztény Nemzeti Párt, KNP) was a short-lived political party in Hungary during the early 1920s. History Following their successful coup against the Social Democrat-composed cabinet of Gyula Peidl, the counter-revolutionary White House Comrades Association had established the Christian National Party. Count Pál Teleki, who returned from exile, was elected its chairman, but the actual leader was István Friedrich, a key figure of the coup, who became Prime Minister on 7 August 1919. The party received support from conservative and Roman Catholic bourgeoisie and monarchist elements, mostly civil servants, industrialists and intellectuals. The KNP published its programme ("Christian Hungarian Brothers") with the permission of censorship by the Romanian authorities who occupied Budapest after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. The document contained some anti-Semitic and anti-democratic points. The party also demanded universal suffrage ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian Opposition
The Christian Opposition ( hu, Keresztény Ellenzék, KE) was a political party in Hungary during the inter-war period. History The party first contested national elections in 1922, winning two seats in the parliamentary elections that year. Although it did not run in the 1926 elections, the party won two seats in the 1931 elections. The 1935 elections saw the party reduced to a single seat. In 1937 they merged with the Christian Economic and Social Party and the National Legitimist Party to form the United Christian Party.Dieter Nohlen Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expe ... & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p911 However, former KE members broke away to re-establish their party later in the same year. In the 1939 elections the party ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Party Of Independence And '48
The Party of Independence and '48 ( hu, Függetlenségi és 48-as Párt; F48P), also known mostly by its shortened form Independence Party ( hu, Függetlenségi Párt), was one of the two major political parties in the Kingdom of Hungary within Austria-Hungary, along with the Liberal Party then National Party of Work. During its existence, the F48P strongly opposed the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867. The party was revived after the fall of the Hungarian Soviet Republic and restoration of the monarchy. History The Party of Independence and '48 was established in 1884 by a merger of the Independence Party and the Party of 1848.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p509 Lajos Kossuth was its spiritual leader until he died in 1894, and the party was also referred to as the "Kossuth Party" thereafter. From the 1896 elections onwards, it was the main opposition to the ruling Liberal Party. It won the 1905 and 1906 elections, but it lost the 19 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christian National Union Party
The Christian National Union Party ( hu, Keresztény Nemzeti Egyesülés Pártja, KNEP) was a political party in Hungary during the early 1920s. History The KNEP was established by in October 1919 as the Christian National League, and was based on the pre-war Christian Party.Vincent E McHale (1983) ''Political parties of Europe'', Greenwood Press, p. 511 It was renamed the Christian National Union Party shortly afterwards. In the January 1920 parliamentary elections it won 82 seats, finishing second behind the National Smallholders and Agricultural Labourers Party. The two parties formed a coalition government on 15 March.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p. 876 Due to the presence of a number of strong personalities, including Sándor Ernszt, István Friedrich, Károly Huszár and Pál Teleki, the party quickly began to fragment, and by the spring of 1921 it had lost much of its strength. It continued under Wolff's leadership, an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Democratic Party Of Hungary
The Social Democratic Party of Hungary ( hu, Magyarországi Szociáldemokrata Párt, MSZDP) is a social democratic political party in Hungary. Historically, the party was dissolved during the occupation of Hungary by Nazi Germany (1944–1945) and the communist period of Hungary from 1948 to 1989, after being forced into a merger with the Communist Party. It worked legally for a short time during the Revolution of 1956. It was a government party as a part of the Károlyi Government (1918–1919), Berinkey Government, Peidl Government (1919), Interim National Assembly (1944–1945) and Dinnyés Government (1947–1948). It was reorganized after Hungary's transition from communism in 1989. MSZDP used to be a member of the Socialist International and the Party of European Socialists until 2020, when it was delisted from both due to inactivity. Overview Hungary as part of Austria-Hungary: *1868–1890 The ''General Workers Association'' (''Általános Munkásegylet'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dieter Nohlen
Dieter Nohlen (born 6 November 1939) is a German academic and political scientist. He currently holds the position of Emeritus Professor of Political Science in the Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences of the University of Heidelberg. An expert on electoral system An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Electoral systems are used in politics to elect governments, while non-political elections ma ...s and political development, he has published several books. IDEA Bibliography Books published by Nohlen include: *''Electoral systems of the world'' (in German, 1978) *''Lexicon of politics'' (seven volumes) *''Elections and Electoral Systems'' (1996) *''Electi ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hungary
Hungary ( hu, Magyarország ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning of the Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest, and Austria to the west. Hungary has a population of nearly 9 million, mostly ethnic Hungarians and a significant Romani minority. Hungarian, the official language, is the world's most widely spoken Uralic language and among the few non-Indo-European languages widely spoken in Europe. Budapest is the country's capital and largest city; other major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs, and Győr. The territory of present-day Hungary has for centuries been a crossroads for various peoples, including Celts, Romans, Germanic tribes, Huns, West Slavs and the Avars. The foundation of the Hungarian state was established in the late 9th century AD with the conquest of the Carpathian Basin by Hungar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Unity Party (Hungary)
The Unity Party ( hu, Egységes Párt) was the ruling party of Kingdom of Hungary from 1922 to 1944. It was founded in early 1922, and in the same year they won a electoral landslide in the parliamentary election. Initially, the party was conservative and agrarian but in the early 1930s its fascist faction grew to become the largest, and shortly after they established a militia. The main leader of the fascist faction was Gyula Gömbös, who served as the prime minister from 1932 to 1936. When he came to power, the party was renamed to National Unity Party ( hu, Nemzeti Egység Pártja). Gömbös declared the party's intention to achieve "total control of the nation's social life". In the 1935 Hungarian Election, Gömbös promoted the creation of a "unitary Hungarian nation with no class distinctions". The party won a huge majority of the seats of the Hungarian parliament in the Hungarian election of May 1939.Peter F. Sugar, Péter Hanák. ''A History of Hungary.'' First pap ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
