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1445 In Europe
Year 1445 ( MCDXLV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–December * October 10 – Battle of Mokra: The Albanian forces under Skanderbeg defeat the Ottoman forces (Pope Eugene IV raises a hymn of praise, that Christendom has been provided with a new defender, after he hears of the battle). Date unknown * The Portuguese set up their first trading post ( ''Feitoria'') in Africa, on the island of Arguin. * Portuguese explorer Dinis Dias discovers the Cap-Vert, on the western coast of Africa. * Battle of Gomit: Emperor Zara Yaqob of Ethiopia defeats and kills Sultan Arwe Badlay, of Adal. * Vlad II Dracul, aided by a crusaders' fleet from Burgundy, attacks Giurgiu, and massacres the Ottoman garrison after their surrender. * Stephen II remains sole ruler of Moldavia. Births * March 16 – Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg, Swiss-born priest (d. 1510) * April 4 – Wiguleus F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roman Numerals
Roman numerals are a numeral system that originated in ancient Rome and remained the usual way of writing numbers throughout Europe well into the Late Middle Ages. Numbers are written with combinations of letters from the Latin alphabet, each letter with a fixed integer value, modern style uses only these seven: The use of Roman numerals continued long after the decline of the Roman Empire. From the 14th century on, Roman numerals began to be replaced by Arabic numerals; however, this process was gradual, and the use of Roman numerals persists in some applications to this day. One place they are often seen is on clock faces. For instance, on the clock of Big Ben (designed in 1852), the hours from 1 to 12 are written as: The notations and can be read as "one less than five" (4) and "one less than ten" (9), although there is a tradition favouring representation of "4" as "" on Roman numeral clocks. Other common uses include year numbers on monuments and buildings and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vlad II Dracul
Vlad II ( ro, Vlad al II-lea), also known as Vlad Dracul () or Vlad the Dragon (before 1395 – November 1447), was Voivode of Wallachia from 1436 to 1442, and again from 1443 to 1447. He is internationally known as the father of Vlad the Impaler, or Dracula. Born an illegitimate son of Mircea I of Wallachia, he spent his youth at the court of Sigismund of Luxembourg, who made him a member of the Order of the Dragon in 1431 (hence his sobriquet). Sigismund also recognized him as the lawful voivode of Wallachia, allowing him to settle in nearby Transylvania. Vlad could not assert his claim during the life of his half-brother, Alexander I Aldea, who acknowledged the suzerainty of the Ottoman Sultan, Murad II. After Alexander Aldea died in 1436, Vlad seized Wallachia with Hungarian support. Following the death of Sigismund of Luxembourg in 1437, Hungary's position weakened, causing Vlad to pay homage to Murad II, which included participating in Murad II's invasion of Transylvania ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1479
Year 1479 ( MCDLXXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar). Events January–December * January 20 – Ferdinand II ascends the throne of Aragon, and rules together with his wife Isabella I, Queen of Castile, over most of the Iberian peninsula. * January 25 – The Treaty of Constantinople is signed between the Ottoman Empire and Republic of Venice; Venice will cede Argo, Negroponte, Lemnos and Shkodër, and pay an annual tribute of 10,000 golden ducats. * April 25 – Ratification of the Treaty of Constantinople in Venice ends the Siege of Shkodra after fifteen months, and brings all of Albania under the Ottoman Empire. * May 13 – Christopher Columbus, an experienced mariner and successful trader in the thriving Genoese expatriate community in Portugal, marries Felipa Perestrelo Moniz (Italian on her father's side), and receives as dowry her late father's maps and papers, charting the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fulk Bourchier, 10th Baron FitzWarin
Fulk Bourchier, 10th Baron FitzWarin (25 October 1445 – 18 September 1479) was the son and heir of William Bourchier, 9th Baron FitzWarin (1407–1470) and the father of John Bourchier, 1st Earl of Bath. He was feudal baron of Bampton in Devon. Origins Fulk Bourchier was the eldest son and heir of William Bourchier, 9th Baron FitzWarin (1407–1470) by his wife Thomasine Hankford, a daughter and coheiress of Sir Richard Hankford (c. 1397 – 1431) of Annery, Devon, feudal baron of Bampton. Marriage and issue Fulk Bourchier married Elizabeth Dynham (died 19 October 1516), the daughter of Sir John Dinham (1406–1458) of Nutwell by his wife Joan Arches (died 1497), and sister and coheir of John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham (died 1501). After the death of Fulk Bourchier, Elizabeth Dynham remarried twice, firstly to Sir John Sapcotes (died 1501) of Elton, Huntingdonshire; a stained glass heraldic escutcheon survives in Bampton church showing the arms of Sapcotes impaling Dinham. Af ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
October 25
Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as ''Caesar'' of the East Roman Empire. * 1147 – Seljuk Turks defeat German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum. * 1147 – ''Reconquista'': After a siege of four months, crusader knights reconquer Lisbon. * 1415 – Hundred Years' War: Henry V of England, with his lightly armoured infantry and archers, defeats the heavily armoured French cavalry in the Battle of Agincourt. 1601–1900 * 1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes the second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast. *1747 – War of the Austrian Succession: A British fleet under Admiral Edward Hawke defeats the French at the Second Battle of Cape Fini ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1517
Year 1517 ( MDXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 22 – Battle of Ridaniya: The Holy Ottoman army of the sultan Selim I defeat the Mamluk army in Egypt, under Tuman bay II. * February 3 – Cairo is captured by the Ottoman Empire, and the Mamluk Sultanate falls. * March 16 – The Fifth Council of the Lateran ends. * May 1 – Evil May Day: Xenophobic riots break out in London. July–December * August 15 – Portuguese merchant Fernão Pires de Andrade meets Ming Dynasty Chinese officials through an interpreter, at the Pearl River estuary and lands, at what is now in the jurisdiction of Hong Kong. Although the first European trade expeditions to China took place in 1513 and 1516 by Jorge Álvares and Rafael Perestrello, respectively, Andrade's mission is the first official diplomatic mission of a European power to China, commissioned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wiguleus Fröschl Of Marzoll
Wiguleus Fröschl of Marzoll (4 April 1445, in Marzoll (today part of Bad Reichenhall) – 6 November 1517, in Passau) was a German nobleman. From 1500 until his death, he was Prince- archbishop of Passau. Life Fröschl descended from a wealthy patrician family from the Bavarian salt-mining town of Reichenhall. His father was the salt magnate Ludwig Frösch; (d. before 1481). He studied law at the University of Vienna, then went to the papal court in Rome, where he was ordained as priest in 1467. From 1478, he worked in Passau as a canon. He travelled to Rome several times as a mediator in the "third Bishop of Passau" dispute. From 1480 to 1485, he resided in Vienna, where he held the office of vicar general of Lower Austria. From 1486 to 1490, he was vicar general of Upper Austria. In those days, Upper and Lower Austria belonged to the diocese of Passau. In 1490, he took over the position of dean of the Passau Cathedral from Christopher of Schachner, who had succe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
April 4
Events Pre-1600 * 503 BC – Roman consul Agrippa Menenius Lanatus celebrates a triumph for a military victory over the Sabines. * 190 – Dong Zhuo has his troops evacuate the capital Luoyang and burn it to the ground. * 611 – Maya king Uneh Chan of Calakmul sacks rival city-state Palenque in southern Mexico. * 801 – King Louis the Pious captures Barcelona from the Moors after a siege of several months. * 1268 – A five-year Byzantine–Venetian peace treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos. * 1423 – Death of the Venetian Doge Tommaso Mocenigo, under whose rule victories were achieved against the Kingdom of Hungary and against the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Gallipoli (1416). * 1581 – Francis Drake is knighted by Queen Elizabeth I for completing a circumnavigation of the world. 1601–1900 * 1609 – Moriscos are expelled from the Kingdom of Valencia. * 1660 – Declaration of Breda b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1510
Year 1510 ( MDX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January – Catherine of Aragon gives birth to her first child, a stillborn daughter. * January 23 – An 18-year-old Henry VIII of England jousts anonymously at Richmond, Surrey and draws applause, before revealing his identity. * February 27–November 25 – Portuguese conquest of Goa: Afonso de Albuquerque of Portugal conquers Goa. * March 1 – Battle of Salt River: Indigenous ǃUriǁʼaekua decisively defeat sailors of the Portuguese Empire in South Africa. * May 12 – The Prince of Anhua rebellion begins when Zhu Zhifan, Prince of Anhua, kills all the officials invited to a banquet, and declares his intent on ousting the powerful Ming dynasty eunuch Liu Jin, during the reign of the Zhengde Emperor in China. * May 30 – Rebel leader Zhu Zhifan is defeated and captured by commander Qiu Yue, end ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Geiler Von Kaisersberg
Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg (16 March 1445 – 10 March 1510) was a priest, considered one of the greatest of the popular preachers of the 15th century. He was closely connected with the Renaissance humanists of Strasbourg, whose leader was the well-known Jakob Wimpfeling (1450–1528), called "the educator of Germany". Like Wimpfeling, Geiler was a secular priest; both fought the ecclesiastical abuses of the age, but not in the spirit of Martin Luther and his adherents. They looked, instead, for salvation and preservation only in the restoration of Christian morals in Church and State through the faithful maintenance of the doctrines of the Church. However the moral reforms of Johann Geiler layed the groundwork for the Protestant reformation in Strasbourg. Early life and education He was born at Schaffhausen, but from 1448 passed his childhood and youth at Kaysersberg in Upper Alsace. His grandfather, who brought him up, lived there. The father was killed by a hunting-acci ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
March 16
Events Pre-1600 * 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang. *1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. * 1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse to recant are burnt to death after the Fall of Montségur. 1601–1900 * 1621 – Samoset, a Mohegan, visits the settlers of Plymouth Colony and greets them, "Welcome, Englishmen! My name is Samoset." *1660 – The Long Parliament of England is dissolved so as to prepare for the new Convention Parliament. * 1792 – King Gustav III of Sweden is shot; he dies on March 29. * 1802 – The Army Corps of Engineers is established to found and operate the United States Military Academy at West Point. *1815 – Prince Willem proclaims himself King of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, the first constitutional monarch in the Netherlands. * 1872 – The Wanderers F.C. win the first FA Cup, the oldest football co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moldavia
Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and former principality in Central and Eastern Europe, corresponding to the territory between the Eastern Carpathians and the Dniester River. An initially independent and later autonomous state, it existed from the 14th century to 1859, when it united with Wallachia () as the basis of the modern Romanian state; at various times, Moldavia included the regions of Bessarabia (with the Budjak), all of Bukovina and Hertsa. The region of Pokuttya was also part of it for a period of time. The western half of Moldavia is now part of Romania, the eastern side belongs to the Republic of Moldova, and the northern and southeastern parts are territories of Ukraine. Name and etymology The original and short-lived reference to the region was ''Bogdania'', after Bogdan I, the fo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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