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1st National People's Congress
The 1st National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1954 to 1959. It held four sessions in this period. There were 1,226 deputies to the Congress. These were the first legislative elections to take place after the founding of the People's Republic of China. Background In accordance with the rules set by the 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first set of deputies to the NPC were elected in the spring and summer of 1954, the first elections under the 1953 Electoral Law which set rules for elections in the PRC, by the following: * Provincial legislatures * Legislative councils of the directly administered cities * Regional legislature of Inner Mongolia Seat distribution The first session The first plenary session was held in September 1954. The Congress passed the 1954 Constitution of the People's Republic of China. It elected the state leaders: * Chairman of the People's Republic of China: Mao Zedong * Vice ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Highest Organ Of State Power
The supreme state organ of power, also known as the highest state organ of power, is the representative organ in communist states that functions as the sole branch of government according to the principle of unified power. For example, the government of the Soviet Union was designated as the highest executive and administrative body of the supreme state organ of power, the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union, All-Union Supreme Soviet. The powers of the supreme state organ of power are constrained only by the limits it has itself set by adopting constitutional and legal documents. In China, according to Chinese legal scholar Zhou Fang, "[t]he powers of the National People's Congress as the supreme state organ of power are boundless, its authority extends to the entire territory of the country, and, if necessary, it can intervene in any matter which it finds it requisite to do so." More specifically, according to Chinese legal scholars Xu Chongde and Niu Wenzhan, "[t]he other central ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheng Qian
Cheng Qian (; 31 March 1882 – 5 April 1968) was a Chinese army officer and politician who held important military and political positions in both the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China.Wolfgang Bartke, ''Who was Who in the People's Republic of China: With more than 3100 Portraits'', Volume 1 (A-O) p.p. 64-65, KG Saur, Munich 1997Yuwu Song, ''Biographical Dictionary of the People's Republic of China'', p. 47, McFarland & Company, 2013 Educated at the Imperial Japanese Army Academy and Waseda University, he first met Sun Yat-sen in Tokyo, becoming an early supporter. Later, under Chiang Kai-shek, he was one of the most powerful members of the Kuomintang, notably serving as Chief of Staff of the Military Affairs Commission during the Second Sino–Japanese War. In August 1949, as Governor of Hunan, he peacefully surrendered to Mao Zedong's advancing Communist forces, joined the Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang and, after the founding of the People's R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Association For Promoting Democracy
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the second-most populous country after India, representing 17.4% of the world population. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and borders fourteen countries by land across an area of nearly , making it the third-largest country by land area. The country is divided into 33 province-level divisions: 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 semi-autonomous special administrative regions. Beijing is the country's capital, while Shanghai is its most populous city by urban area and largest financial center. Considered one of six cradles of civilization, China saw the first human inhabitants in the region arriving during the Paleolithic. By the late 2nd millennium BCE, the earliest dynastic states had emerged in the Yellow River basin. The 8th–3rd centuries BCE saw a breakdown in the authority of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
China Democratic League
The China Democratic League (CDL) is one of the eight minor democratic parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party. The CDL was originally founded in 1941 as a pro-democracy umbrella coalition group of the Chinese National Socialist Party, the Chinese Youth Party and the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party to fight the Imperial Japanese Army while providing for a "Third Force". , the CDL had around 356,900 members. Its membership mostly consists of mid and senior-level intellectuals in the fields of culture, education, natural and social sciences, and technology. The CDL is the second-ranking minor party in China after the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. It currently has 56 seats in the National People's Congress, 9 seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 65 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Its current chairman is Ding Zhongli. History The China Democratic Pol ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xu Deheng
Xu Deheng (; October 17, 1890 – February 8, 1990) was a Chinese male politician, scholar and educator, who served as the vice chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and founding leader of Chinese party Jiusan Society The Jiusan Society () is one of the eight minor so-called "Democratic parties (China), democratic parties" in the China, People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party. The party's original name was "Democracy a .... References 1890 births 1990 deaths Vice chairpersons of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National University of Peking alumni Burials at Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery {{China-politician-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jiusan Society
The Jiusan Society () is one of the eight minor so-called "Democratic parties (China), democratic parties" in the China, People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party. The party's original name was "Democracy and Science Forum" on its informal founding in 1944; the current name refers to the date of Chinese victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War (3 September 1945). Its membership currently consists of high- and medium-level intellectuals in the fields of science, technology, and education. The Jiusan Society is the seventh-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 56 seats in the National People's Congress, 5 seats in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, NPC Standing Committee and 45 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Its current chairman is Wu Weihua. History The party was originally founded informally in 1944 in Chongqing as the "Democracy and Science Forum". On 3 September 1945, afte ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhang Bojun
Zhang Bojun ( zh, s=章伯钧, t=章伯鈞, p=Zhāng Bójūn; November 17, 1895 – May 17, 1969) was a Chinese politician and intellectual, and was removed from his ministerial position in the late 1950s after being declared "China's number one rightist." Biography Zhang graduated from the Anhui Province Tongcheng Secondary School and in 1916 completed the test to enter the Wuhan Advanced Normal School (what is now Wuhan University). In 1920 he became an English teacher at the Anhui Fourth Normal School (Anhui Xuancheng Middle School today), where he taught for a year. In 1922 Zhang traveled to Germany—on the same boat as Zhu De—to study philosophy for the next four years. This trip was due to the support of Xu Shiying, a high-ranking Nationalist politician who held Zhang in high regard. After arriving in Germany, Zhang joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) after becoming friends with Zhu De (Field Marshal and Supreme Military Commander of the New China), his roommate at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Peasants' And Workers' Democratic Party
The Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party (CPWDP) is one of the eight minor Democratic parties (China), democratic parties in the China, People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party. The party was officially founded in the Shanghai French Concession on 9 August 1930 by left-wing members of the Kuomintang. It is mainly made up of members who mostly work in the fields of public health, medicine, and associated fields in science and technology. It is the fifth-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 60 seats in the National People's Congress, 5 seats in the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, NPC Standing Committee and 45 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. The current chairman of CPWDP is He Wei. History The party had its origins in the collapse of the First United Front when they first met in November 1927. Its original members were left-wing Kuomintang members and expelled Communist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mao Zedong
Mao Zedong pronounced ; traditionally Romanization of Chinese, romanised as Mao Tse-tung. (26December 18939September 1976) was a Chinese politician, revolutionary, and political theorist who founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949 and led the country from Proclamation of the People's Republic of China, its establishment until Death and state funeral of Mao Zedong, his death in 1976. Mao served as Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) from 1943 until his death, and as the party's ''de facto'' leader from 1935. His theories, which he advocated as a Chinese adaptation of Marxism–Leninism, are known as Maoism. Born to a peasant family in Shaoshan, Hunan, Mao studied in Changsha and was influenced by the 1911 Revolution and ideas of Chinese nationalism and anti-imperialism. He was introduced to Marxism while working as a librarian at Peking University, and later participated in the May Fourth Movement of 1919. In 1921, Mao became a founding member of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chinese Communist Party
The Communist Party of China (CPC), also translated into English as Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP emerged victorious in the Chinese Civil War against the Kuomintang and Proclamation of the People's Republic of China, proclaimed the establishment of the PRC under the leadership of Mao Zedong in October 1949. Since then, the CCP has governed China and has had sole control over the People's Liberation Army (PLA). , the CCP has more than 99 million members, making it the List of largest political parties, second largest political party by membership in the world. In 1921, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao led the founding of the CCP with the help of the Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and Far Eastern Bureau of the Communist International. Although the CCP aligned with the Kuomintang (KMT) during its initia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Direct-administered Municipality
A direct-administered municipality ( zh, s=直辖市, p=Zhíxiáshì, labels=no, l=; ; commonly known as municipality) is a provincial-level administrative division in China. The municipalities are directly affiliated to the State Council of the People's Republic of China, central government. There are four municipalities in China: Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai, and Tianjin. Although being as a city by name, a Chinese municipality is more than a city in a traditional sense. It is equivalent to a province as it usually composed of a central urban area and a number of much larger surrounding suburban and rural areas. History During the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic of China, the first municipalities were the 11 cities of Nanjing, Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Qingdao, Chongqing, Xi'an, Guangzhou, Hankou (now part of Wuhan), Shenyang, and Harbin. They were established in 1927 soon after they were designated as "cities" during the 1920s. Nominally, Dalian was a munici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st National Committee Of The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
The 1st National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference was the first meeting of the top political advisory body of the People's Republic of China. It convened in Beijing on 9 October 1949 and ended on 21 December 1954. During this period, it exercised legislative powers on the behalf of the National People's Congress, which was not yet established. Background Members of the 1st National Committee were elected by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in September 1949. The first session The 1st Session of the 1st CPPCC National Committee was held on 9 October 1949. It elected Mao Zedong as the CPPCC Chairman. It also elected Zhou Enlai, Li Jishen, Shen Junru, Guo Moruo and Chen Shutong as CPPCC vice chairpersons, Li Weihan as the secretary-general, and standing committee members. October 1 was designated as the National Day. The second session The 2nd Session was held on June 14–23, 1950. The Se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
