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1995 France Bombings
A series of attacks targeted public transport systems in Paris and Lyon, as well as a school in Villeurbanne, in 1995. They were carried out by the Armed Islamic Group of Algeria (GIA), who sought to expand the Algerian Civil War to France. The attacks killed eight people, all during the first attack on 25 July. The attack also injured 190 people. The assassination of Abdelbaki Sahraoui, a co-founder of the Islamic Salvation Front (FIS), was a prelude to the extension of the Islamists' terrorist campaign in France."Rachid Ramda jugé pour l'ultime procès des attentats de 1995", in ''Libération'', 1 October 200read on-line Attacks On 25 July 1995 a gas bottle exploded in the Saint-Michel station of line B of the RER metropolitan train system in Paris. Emergency service vehicles then used Place Saint-Michel and the surrounding bridges and streets to attend the scene, while Parvis Notre-Dame became a helicopter landing site and a nearby café, ''Le depart Saint-Michel'', was ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Algerian Civil War
The Algerian Civil War (), known in Algeria as the Black Decade (, ), was a civil war fought between the Algerian government and various Islamist rebel groups from 11 January 1992 (following a 1992 Algerian coup d'état, coup negating an Islamist electoral victory) to 8 February 2002. The war began slowly, as it initially appeared the government had successfully crushed the Islamist movement, but armed groups emerged to declare jihad and by 1994, violence had reached such a level that it appeared the government might not be able to withstand it. By 1996–97, it had become clear that the Islamist resistance had lost its popular support, although fighting continued for several years after.#GKJTPI2002, Kepel, ''Jihad'', 2002: p.255 The war has been referred to as 'the dirty war' (''la sale guerre''), and saw extreme violence and brutality used against civilians.#GKJTPI2002, Kepel, ''Jihad'', 2002: p.254 List of Algerian assassinated journalists, Islamists targeted journalists, ov ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Terrorist
Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of violence against non-combatants to achieve political or ideological aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violence during peacetime or in the context of war against non-combatants. There are various different definitions of terrorism, with no universal agreement about it. Different definitions of terrorism emphasize its randomness, its aim to instill fear, and its broader impact beyond its immediate victims. Modern terrorism, evolving from earlier iterations, employs various tactics to pursue political goals, often leveraging fear as a strategic tool to influence decision makers. By targeting densely populated public areas such as transportation hubs, airports, shopping centers, tourist attractions, and nightlife venues, terrorists aim to instill widespread insecurity, prompting Public policy, policy changes through Manipulation (psychology), psychological manipulation and undermining confidence ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
11th Arrondissement Of Paris
The 11th arrondissement of Paris (''XIe arrondissement'') is one of the 20 Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, the arrondissement is referred to as ''le onzième'' (; "the eleventh"). The arrondissement, called Popincourt, is situated on the Rive Droite, right bank of the Seine, River Seine. It is one of the List of city districts by population density, most densely populated urban districts of any European city. In 2020, it had a population of 144,292. It is the best-served Parisian arrondissement in terms of number of Paris Métro, Métro stations, at 25. Its borders are marked by three large squares: the Place de la République to the northwest, the Place de la Bastille to the southwest, as well as the Place de la Nation to the southeast. Description The 11th arrondissement is a varied and engaging area. To the west lies the Place de la République, which is linked to the Place de la Bastille, in the east, by the sweeping ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Boualem Bensaïd
Boualem Bensaïd (; born in Algiers) is an Algerian member of Armed Islamic Group, GIA, an Islamist terrorism, Islamic terrorist organization. He has been accused of an attempted bombing during the 1995 bombings in France, 1995 terror campaign in France. Born in Algeria in 1967, a sport teacher, he entered clandestinity around 1990. He went back to France in 1994, as Algeria was in full-scale Algerian Civil War, civil war. In 1999, he was sentenced to 10 years of prison on charges of "''association de malfaiteurs''".Boualem Bensaïd présente le GIA comme une "organisation politique non criminelle" ''Le Monde'', 4 November 2003, mirrored by Algeria Watch On 27 November 2003 he was sentenced in appeal to life detention, with a 22-year " ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Khaled Kelkal
Khaled Kelkal () (April 28, 1971 – September 29, 1995) was a French and Algerian terrorist affiliated with the GIA. He was involved in the 1995 terror bombings in France. Biography Khaled Kelkal was born in 1971 in Mostaganem, Algeria. The family moved to Vaulx-en-Velin, a suburb of Lyon, when he was an infant. He had four sisters and three brothers. While attending '' La Martinière'' lycée top of his class in Lyon, he became a juvenile delinquent. His older brother Nouredine was sentenced to 9 years in prison for armed robbery. In 1990, Kelkal was placed on probation for four months for trafficking in stolen cars. A few months later, he was arrested for thefts using cars as battering rams to enter private properties. He was sentenced to four years in prison. Conversion to radical Islam While he was incarcerated, he met "Khelif," an Islamist who had fled France to evade trial. Upon his return to France in 1989 he was sentenced to 7 years in prison. While in jail, Khel ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Lyon
Lyon (Franco-Provençal: ''Liyon'') is a city in France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of the French Alps, southeast of Paris, north of Marseille, southwest of Geneva, Switzerland, northeast of Saint-Étienne. The City of Lyon is the List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, third-largest city in France with a population of 522,250 at the Jan. 2021 census within its small municipal territory of , but together with its suburbs and exurbs the Lyon Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 2,308,818 that same year, the second largest in France. Lyon and 58 suburban municipalities have formed since 2015 the Lyon Metropolis, Metropolis of Lyon, a directly elected metropolitan authority now in charge of most urban issues, with a population of 1,424,069 in 2021. Lyon is the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Regions of France, region and seat of the Departmental co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Arc De Triomphe
The Arc de Triomphe de l'Étoile, often called simply the Arc de Triomphe, is one of the most famous monuments in Paris, France, standing at the western end of the Champs-Élysées at the centre of Place Charles de Gaulle, formerly named Place de l'Étoile—the ''étoile'' or "star" of the juncture formed by its twelve radiating avenues. The location of the arc and the plaza is shared between three Arrondissements of Paris, arrondissements, 16th arrondissement of Paris, 16th (south and west), 17th arrondissement of Paris, 17th (north), and 8th arrondissement of Paris, 8th (east). The Arc de Triomphe honours those who fought and died for France in the French Revolutionary Wars, French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, with the names of all French victories and generals inscribed on its inner and outer surfaces. Beneath its vault lies the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (France), Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I. The central cohesive element of the ''Axe historique'' ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
1983 Orly Airport Attack
The Orly Airport attack was the 15 July 1983 bombing of a Turkish Airlines check-in counter at Orly Airport in Paris, by the Armenian militant organization ASALA as part of its campaign for the recognition of and reparations for the Armenian genocide.The New York Times. Sympathy Won't Help 24 July 1983 The explosion killed eight people and injured 55. Attack The bomb exploded inside a suitcase at the Turkish Airlines check-in desk in the airport's south terminal, sending flames through the crowd of passengers checking in for a flight to Istanbul. The bomb consisted of a half kilogram of |
Terrorism In France
{{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Terrorism in France , partof = the Opération Sentinelle, War on terror, Islamic terrorism in Europe , image = Lieu de l'attentat du 14 juillet 2016 à Nice cropped.jpg , image_size = , caption = Site of the 2016 Nice truck attack, the following day. , date = 15 September 1958 – present , place = France , territory = , status = List of ongoing armed conflicts, Ongoing * Opération Sentinelle, French military-led domestic counter-terrorism operation. * French military intervention in Opération Chammal, Syria, Northern Mali Conflict, Mali and Niger, with jihadists as primary target. , combatant1 = {{flagicon image, Flag of France.svg Government of France * French Armed Forces ** French Army ** French Navy ** French Air and Space Force ** National Gendarmerie ** National Guard (France), National Guard * Minister of the Interior ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
France 2
France 2 () is a French free-to-air public television channel. The flagship channel of France Télévisions, it broadcasts generalist programming including news, entertainment (such as dramas, films, and game shows), factual programmes, and sports. It is headquartered alongside its sister networks at France Télévisions' headquarters in the 15th arrondissement of Paris, along the Seine. The channel began test broadcasts on 10 September 1959 and officially launched on 18 April 1964 as RTF Télévision 2, under the control of Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française (RTF). It was succeeded by the Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française (ORTF) in 1964. On 6 January 1975, the ORTF was dissolved and split into multiple independent organisations under government control, with the channel operating as Antenne 2. In 1992, the channel merged with FR3 under the new organisation France Télévision, and was renamed France 2. In 2000, France 2 and France 3 were merged with the r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Parvis Notre-Dame – Place Jean-Paul-II
A parvis or parvise is the open space in front of and around a cathedral or church, especially when surrounded by either colonnades or porticoes, as at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. It is thus a church-specific type of forecourt, front yard or apron. Etymology The term derives via Old French from the Latin">-4; we might wonder whether there's a point at which it's appropriate to talk of the beginnings of French, that is, when it wa ... from the Latin ''paradisus'' meaning "paradise". This in turn came via Ancient Greek from the Indo-European languages, Indo-European Aryan languages of History of Iran, ancient Iran, where it meant a walled enclosure or garden precinct with heavenly flowers planted by the Clercs (Clerics). Parvis of St Paul's Cathedral In London in the Middle Ages the Serjeants-at-law practised at the parvis of St Paul's Cathedral, where clients could seek their counsel. In the 14th century Geoffrey Chaucer referred to ''"A sergeant of the laws ware and wise/ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Place Saint-Michel
The Place Saint-Michel () is a public square in the Latin Quarter of Paris. It lies on the borderline between the fifth and sixth arrondissements, on the left bank of the river Seine. It faces the Île de la Cité, to which it is linked by the Pont Saint-Michel. Description The northern end of the Place Saint-Michel, the end closer to the river, is on the left-bank side of the Pont Saint-Michel, which crosses sixty-two metres of water to reach the island, Île de la Cité. At this point, the Place Saint-Michel is formed by the convergence of four streets: two quais along the Seine, the Quai Saint-Michel and the Quai des Grands-Augustins, and the Boulevard Saint-Michel and the Rue Danton, which arrive at angles. As one proceeds southward along the Rue Danton, addresses on either side of the street are 'Place Saint-Michel' addresses. This continues until one approaches the Rue Saint-André des Arts, which enters from the right, when the addresses become 'Place Saint-André ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
