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1987–1989 JVP Insurrection
The 1987–1989 JVP insurrection, also known as the 1988–1989 revolt or the JVP troubles, was an armed revolt in Sri Lanka, led by the Marxism–Leninism, Marxist–Leninist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, against the Government of Sri Lanka. The insurrection, like the previous one in 1971 JVP insurrection, 1971, was unsuccessful. The main phase of the insurrection was a low-intensity conflict that lasted from April 1987 to December 1989. The insurgents led by the JVP resorted to subversion, List of people assassinated by the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, assassinations, raids, and attacks on military and civilian targets while the Sri Lankan government reacted through counter-insurgency operations to suppress the revolt. Guerrilla warfare, Guerrilla forces of the insurrection were led by the military branch of the JVP, the Deshapremi Janatha Viyaparaya (DJV). The insurgency reached its peak in 1988 and impacted all Sri Lankan civilians, including those without any political stake i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of global Geopolitics, geopolitical rivalry between the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) and their respective allies, the capitalist Western Bloc and communist Eastern Bloc, which lasted from 1947 until the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The term ''Cold war (term), cold war'' is used because there was no direct fighting between the two superpowers, though each supported opposing sides in regional conflicts known as proxy wars. In addition to the struggle for ideological and economic influence and an arms race in both conventional and Nuclear arms race, nuclear weapons, the Cold War was expressed through technological rivalries such as the Space Race, espionage, propaganda campaigns, Economic sanctions, embargoes, and sports diplomacy. After the end of World War II in 1945, during which the US and USSR had been allies, the USSR installed satellite state, satellite governments in its occupied territories in Eastern Europe and N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Janaka Perera
Major General Janaka Perera, RWP, RSP, VSV, USP, VSP (1 February 1946 – 6 October 2008) was a Sri Lankan General and politician. He served as the Chief of Staff of the Sri Lanka Army and is considered one of the most distinguished generals in Sri Lankan history. After retiring from the army he served as a Sri Lankan High Commissioner to Australia and Ambassador to Indonesia. He was the opposition leader of the North Central Provincial Council until he and his wife were killed on 6 October 2008 by a suicide bomber. The LTTE have been blamed for the bombing by Sri Lankan president Mahinda Rajapaksa. Education General Perera was educated at St. John's College, Panadura and after St. Joseph's College, Colombo.He was accepted to University of Ceylon to study geology at the Peradeniya campus before quitting to join the Sri Lanka Army in 1966 as an Officer Cadet. He received his training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in England. After completing his training he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Insurgency In Kallar
An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare against a larger authority. The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric nature: small irregular forces face a large, well-equipped, regular military force state adversary. Due to this asymmetry, insurgents avoid large-scale direct battles, opting instead to blend in with the civilian population (often in rural areas) where they gradually expand territorial control and military forces. Insurgency frequently hinges on control of and collaboration with local populations. An insurgency can be fought via counter-insurgency warfare, as well as other political, economic and social actions of various kinds. Due to the blending of insurgents with the civilian population, insurgencies tend to involve considerable violence against civilians (by the state and the insurgents). State attempts to quell insurgencies frequently lead to the infliction of indiscriminate viole ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indian Peace Keeping Force
Indian Peace Keeping Force (IPKF) was the Indian military contingent performing a peacekeeping operation in Sri Lanka between 1987 and 1990. It was formed under the mandate of the 1987 Indo-Sri Lankan Accord that aimed to end the Sri Lankan Civil War between Sri Lankan Tamil militant groups such as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) and the Sri Lankan military. The main task of the IPKF was to disarm the different militant groups, not just the LTTE. It was to be quickly followed by the formation of an Interim Administrative Council. These were the tasks as per the terms of the Indo-Sri Lankan Accord, signed at the behest of Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Given the escalation of the conflict in Sri Lanka, and with the pouring of refugees into India, Rajiv Gandhi took the decisive step to push this accord through. The IPKF was inducted into Sri Lanka on the request of Sri Lankan President J. R. Jayewardene under the terms of the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord. The for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Lanka Civil Defence Force
The Civil Security Department ( Sinhala: සිවිල් ආරක්ෂක දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව ''Sivil ārakshaka depathamentuwā''; Tamil: சிவில் பாதுகாப்பு துறை) (also known as the CSD) is an auxiliary force administered by the Sri Lankan Ministry of Defence. It traces its roots to the Home Guards which were lightly armed local volunteers organized to protect their villages from attacks by the LTTE. These units were formed into the National Home Guard Service in 1986 under the Mobilization of Supplementary Force Act No. 40 of 1985. These home-guardsmen came under the command of the local police becoming one of two paramilitary units under the Sri Lanka Police. The Home Guard Service was re-structured on under the Gazette notification No. 1462/20 of 13 September 2006 which established the Civil Security Department (CSD). The CSD is headed by a Director General, currently held by Air Vice Marshal Roshan Biyanw ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Special Task Force (Sri Lanka)
The Special Task Force (STF) (Sinhala language, Sinhala: ; Tamil language, Tamil: ) is a police tactical unit of the Sri Lanka Police specialising in anti-irregular military, apprehension of armed and dangerous criminals, clandestine and covert operations, combat and patrolling in urban areas, counterterrorism and hostage rescue crisis managements, crowd control, executive protection, high-risk tactical law enforcement situations, indirect fire for support operations, irregular warfare, operating in difficult to access terrain, protecting high-level meeting areas, search and rescue people who are in distress or imminent danger from disaster, support crowd control and riot control, tactical special operations, and other tasks requiring special training. It was formed in 1983 not as a military force, but rather as a highly specialised armed police unit. Function The STF is spearhead primarily involve anti-irregular military, counterinsurgency, counterterrorism and hostage rescu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Lankan Police
Sri Lanka Police (; ) is the civilian national police force of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka. The police force is responsible for enforcing criminal and traffic law, enhancing public safety, maintaining order and keeping the peace throughout Sri Lanka. The police force consists of 43 Territorial Divisions, 67 Functional Divisions, 607 Police Stations with more than 84,000 people. The professional head of the police is the Inspector General of Police (Sri Lanka), Inspector General of Police who reports to the Minister of Law and Order and Southern Development, Minister of Law and Order as well as the National Police Commission. The last Inspector General of Police (Sri Lanka), Inspector General of Police was Deshabandu Tennakoon. The Acting Inspector General of the Police is currently Senior DIG Priyantha Weerasooriya, who was appointed on September 27, 2024 During the Sri Lankan civil war, the police service became an integral part of maintaining of the nation' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lalith Wijerathna
Vijalath Pathirannehelage Lalith Wijeratne (1 January 1958 – 4 January 1990: ), popularly as Lalith Wijerathna, was a Sri Lankan politician and militant leader. He was a member of the JVP party in the period 1983-1990. He was known to be appointed as the third leader of the JVP after Rohana Wijeweera and Saman Piyasiri Fernando. Personal life Wijeratne was born on 1 January 1958 in Barawawila, Divulapitiya, Sri Lanka as the third child in the family. His father Vijalath Pathirannahelage Piyasena was born on 25 December 1924. His mother Kaluarachchige Rosalyn Nona was born on 18 December 1928 in Kehelle. His father worked as a farmer his mother made matchsticks for the Maltune Match Factory at the Thambakar Trade Center in Divulapitiya and sold them to the factory. Lalith had one elder sister Indrani (born 1953), one elder brother Nimal (born 1956), one younger brother, Ranjith (born 3 April 1960) and one younger sister Vasantha (born 1961). He had his primary Education from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shantha Bandara
Shantha Bandara alias Mahanama (1951−1990) was the first convenor of the Inter University Students' Federation (IUSF) and a key leader of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, a Marxist-Leninist political party in Sri Lanka. He was killed in January 1990. Student activism Shantha Bandara was a student at University of Sri Lanka, Peradeniya campus when he started his political career joining the ''Samaja Adhyayana Kavaya'' (Social Studies Circle) of the university. He was instrumental in creating the Inter University Students' Federation (IUSF) - a major university student union in Sri Lanka - in 1978. He also led a protest against the prevailing United National Party government in 1979. Bandara did not complete his degree. JVP and insurgency 1987−1989 He joined Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna in 1977. After becoming the leader of southern region, he headed the list of candidates of JVP at the Colombo Municipal Council elections. Bandara was a key leader of the unsuccessful JVP insurrectio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Somawansa Amarasinghe
Amarasinghe Kankanamlage Somawansa (1 January 1943 – 15 June 2016 as ), commonly as Somawansha Amarasinghe, was a Sri Lankan politician, and the 4th leader of Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna, after Rohana Wijeweera, Saman Piyasiri Fernando and Lalith Wijerathna and served as its leader for 23 years until February 2, 2014. He is often described as a strategic leader who socialized the ideological struggle of the JVP into socialism through the nationalist struggle to save the country from Tamil separatist terrorism. He was the leader of People's Servants Party, established in June 2015, until his death. Personal life He was born on 1 January 1943 in Angangoda village, Payagala, Sri Lanka as the youngest of the family. He had 4 elder brothers and 3 elder sisters. His father was James Amarasinghe, who first served in the police and later joined the Department of Irrigation, and his mother was a housewife. He completed his primary education at Amarasekara College, Kalutara and Kalutara B ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Saman Piyasiri Fernando
Sellapperumage Saman Piyasiri Fernando (23 March 1958 – 29 December 1989: : ''nom de guerre'': Keerthi Vijayabahu), was the military wing leader of the Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna during the 1987-89 insurrection in Sri Lanka, the JVP's military wing also known as Deshapremi Janatha Viyaparaya (DJV). His position in the JVP as the military commander was organizationally higher than the position of Rohana Wijeweera, the founder of the JVP. Saman Piyasiri a graduate of the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka later joined the JVP and promoted to the higher ranks of the party, appointed as the military wing leader and finally led the party after the death of the founding leader Rohana Wijeweera. He was also known as Kabraal, Mendis, Bappa, Mudiyanse, Mahinda, Dhammika and Janaka. Family background and early life He was born on 23 March 1958 in Lunawa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka as the third child in a Karava ethnic family with four siblings. His father Ebert Fernando was an inspector at the P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Upatissa Gamanayake
Don Upatissa Gamanayake (; 17 October 1948 – 13 November 1989), also known by his alias Dias Mudalali, was a Sri Lankan politician and the deputy leader of the Jantha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) during the 1987–1989 insurrection. Not a prominent figure during the JVP's 1971 insurrection, Gamanayake emerged as a leader only after the releasing of the JVP detainees in 1977. He moved up rapidly in the party hierarchy during the JVP's 1977–1983 democratic phase and became the second in command after the founder and the leader, Rohana Wijeweera. He unsuccessfully contested the 1983 Anamaduwa by-election under JVP. Gamanayake was captured and killed by the government forces in November 1989.C.A. Chandraprema (1991), ''Sri Lanka, The Years of Terror - The JVP Insurrection, 1987-1989'', Lake House Bookshop,, p.7 Family background He was born on 17 October 1948 in Mahingala, Padukka, Sri Lanka as the seventh child in a family with nine siblings. His father Don Upenis was born in Weli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
