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1967 Sierra Leonean Coups D'état
The 1967 Sierra Leonean coups d'état were two successive coups in Sierra Leone that took place from March 21 to 23, 1967. Background The Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1961 as a Commonwealth realm, and in subsequent years Sierra Leone was considered an exemplary post-colonial democratic state. However, this changed during the premiership of Albert Margai, who took office on April 29, 1964. Margai's government faced harsh criticism, being accused of corruption and favoritism towards the Mende tribe. Meanwhile, he also strove to convert Sierra Leone into a one-party state with his party, the Sierra Leone People's Party, holding that position. For the 1967 general elections on March 17, he led a dirty campaign against opposition parties, refusing to allow opposition candidates to register if they challenged his party's nominees. Meanwhile, riots erupted due to widespread discontent, prompting the government to declare martial ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone, officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered to the southeast by Liberia and by Guinea to the north. Sierra Leone's land area is . It has a tropical climate and environments ranging from savannas to rainforests. As of the 2023 census, Sierra Leone has a population of 8,460,512. Freetown is its capital and largest city. Sierra Leone is a presidential republic, with a unicameral parliament and a directly elected president. It is a secular state. Its Constitution of Sierra Leone, constitution provides for the separation of state and religion and freedom of conscience. Muslims constitute three-quarters of the population, and there is a significant Christian minority. Notably, religious tolerance is very high. Sierra Leone's current territorial configuration was established in two phases: in 1808, the coastal Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate, Sierra Leone Colony was founded as a place to resettle retu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All People's Congress
The All People's Congress (APC) is one of the two major political parties in Sierra Leone, the other being its main political rival the Sierra Leone People's Party (SLPP). The APC has been the main opposition party in Sierra Leone since 4 April 2018 when Julius Maada Bio of the SLPP won the 2018 presidential elections, though it maintains a majority in parliament. The APC party was founded in 1960 by a breakaway group from the Sierra Leone People's Party that vehemently opposed elections before independence and instead supported independence before elections. The APC governed the country from 1968 to 1992 and became the ruling party again in 2007 after the party presidential candidate Ernest Bai Koroma won the 2007 presidential election, he contested and also won the 2012 elections. The APC lost power on 4 April 2018, with its flagbearer Samura Kamara losing the presidential election to Bio. The APC is very popular and receives large majority support in almost all of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1960s Coups D'état And Coup Attempts
Year 196 ( CXCVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Dexter and Messalla (or, less frequently, year 949 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 196 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Emperor Septimius Severus attempts to assassinate Clodius Albinus but fails, causing Albinus to retaliate militarily. * Emperor Septimius Severus captures and sacks Byzantium; the city is rebuilt and regains its previous prosperity. * In order to assure the support of the Roman legion in Germany on his march to Rome, Clodius Albinus is declared Augustus by his army while crossing Gaul. * Hadrian's wall in Britain is partially destroyed. China * First year of the Jian'an Era, during the reign of the Xian Emperor of the Han. * The Xian Emperor returns to war-r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conflicts In 1967
Conflict may refer to: Social sciences * Conflict (process), the general pattern of groups dealing with disparate ideas * Conflict continuum from cooperation (low intensity), to contest, to higher intensity (violence and war) * Conflict of interest, involvement in multiple interests which could possibly corrupt the motivation or decision-making * Cultural conflict, a type of conflict that occurs when different cultural values and beliefs clash * Ethnic conflict, a conflict between two or more contending ethnic groups * Group conflict, conflict between groups * Intragroup conflict, conflict within groups * Organizational conflict, discord caused by opposition of needs, values, and interests between people working together * Role conflict, incompatible demands placed upon a person such that compliance with both would be difficult * Social conflict, the struggle for agency or power in something * Work–family conflict, incompatible demands between the work and family roles of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1967 In Sierra Leone
Events January * January 1 – Canada begins a year-long celebration of the 100th anniversary of Canadian Confederation, Confederation, featuring the Expo 67 World's Fair. * January 6 – Vietnam War: United States Marine Corps and Army of the Republic of Vietnam troops launch ''Operation Deckhouse Five'' in the Mekong Delta. * January 8 – Vietnam War: Operation Cedar Falls starts, in an attempt to eliminate the Iron Triangle (Vietnam), Iron Triangle. * January 13 – A military coup occurs in Togo under the leadership of Étienne Eyadema. * January 15 – Louis Leakey announces the discovery of pre-human fossils in Kenya; he names the species ''Proconsul nyanzae, Kenyapithecus africanus''. * January 23 ** In Munich, the trial begins of Wilhelm Harster, accused of the murder of 82,856 Jews (including Anne Frank) when he led German security police during the German occupation of the Netherlands. He is eventually sentenced to 15 years in prison. ** Milton Keynes in England is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1978 Sierra Leonean Constitutional Referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Sierra Leone on 12 July 1978. The constitutional amendments were aimed at turning the country into a presidential one-party state, with the All People's Congress as the sole legal party. The new constitution had been adopted by Parliament in May, and was put to public approval in the referendum. With more than 97% of voters voting in favour according to official results, the referendum has been described as "heavily rigged". APC leader and President Siaka Stevens had pushed for the adoption of one-party rule, contending that it was more " African" than Western-style democracy. Results Aftermath Following the referendum, Stevens was sworn in for another seven-year term. In the next presidential elections in 1985, voters had the choice of supporting or opposing his successor, Joseph Saidu Momoh, with no opposition candidates allowed. The 15 Sierra Leone People's Party MPs elected in 1977 joined the APC. The country would remain a one-par ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1971 Sierra Leone Coup Attempt
* The year 1971 had three partial solar eclipses (Solar eclipse of February 25, 1971, February 25, Solar eclipse of July 22, 1971, July 22 and Solar eclipse of August 20, 1971, August 20) and two total lunar eclipses (February 1971 lunar eclipse, February 10, and August 1971 lunar eclipse, August 6). The world population increased by 2.1% this year, the highest increase in history. Events January * January 2 – 1971 Ibrox disaster: During a crush, 66 people are killed and over 200 injured in Glasgow, Scotland. * January 5 – The first ever One Day International cricket match is played between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. * January 8 – Tupamaros kidnap Geoffrey Jackson, British ambassador to Uruguay, in Montevideo, keeping him captive until September. * January 9 – Uruguayan president Jorge Pacheco Areco demands emergency powers for 90 days due to kidnappings, and receives them the next day. * January 12 – The landmark United States televis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Amadu Bangura
Brigadier John Amadu Bangura, CBE (8 March 1930 – 1971) was a Sierra Leonean who served as Chief of the Defence Staff of the Sierra Leone Armed Forces from 1968 to 1971. Prior to this in 1967, he served as the Sierra Leonean Ambassador of to the United States. He overthrew the National Reformation Council military junta, led by Andrew Juxon-Smith, in the Sergeants' Coup in 1968. He led Sierra Leone briefly before handing power to Siaka Stevens, who had won the 1967 Sierra Leonean general election and with whom he had been residing in exile with the support of Guinean president Ahmed Sékou Touré who was in support of returning Stevens to power. Following Stevens' increasingly authoritarian rule, Bangura attempted a coup against him in 1971, but this time the coup was unsuccessful and he was executed shortly after being captured by the military. Stevens and the APC would go on to rule Sierra Leone as a one-party state until 1991 when multi-party politics was reint ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Leslie William Leigh
Leslie William Leigh (23 February 1921 – 13 April 1980) was a Sierra Leonean police officer who served as the first African Commissioner of Police in Sierra Leone. Leigh was one of the few West Africans to enlist and serve in the Second World War as a bomber pilot in the British Royal Air Force. Background Leslie William Leigh was born to Lt. Col. Thomas William Dupigny-Leigh, (1888-1968), and a mother from the Susu ethnic group. Thomas William "Dupi" Leigh was a paternal descendant of William Henry Leigh, an English slave trader and a maternal descendant of the Dupigny family of Freetown, Sierra Leone, originally of African and French-Dominican descent in Roseau, Dominica. Leigh was a first cousin of John Ernest Leigh, the former Sierra Leonean ambassador to the United States and the late Dr Evelyn Arthur Moffatt Leigh. Royal Air Force Leigh attended St Anthony's Primary School and subsequent to completing his secondary school education at the Albert Academy, Leigh travelle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrew Juxon-Smith
Brigadier Andrew Terence Juxon-Smith (30 November 1931 – 1996) was a Sierra Leonean politician and military officer in of Creole descent. Between 27 March 1967 and 18 April 1968, he was Chairman of the National Reformation Council and acting Governor-General, equivalent to head of the Sierra Leonean state. He was additionally Minister of Finance of Sierra Leone. He and the Council were overthrown in April 1968 by a group of low-level military officials led by John Amadu Bangura that restored Sierra Leone to rule by parliament under Siaka Stevens Siaka Probyn Stevens (24 August 1905 – 29 May 1988) was the leader of Sierra Leone from 1967 to 1985, serving as Prime Minister from 1967 to 1971 and as President from 1971 to 1985. Stevens' leadership was often characterized by patrimonial .... He later moved to the United States and died in Stapleton, New York. Juxon-Smith's life is the subject of the short documentary ''A Forgotten Past'', directed by Andreas Hadjipater ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Hinga Norman
Samuel Hinga Norman (January 1, 1940 – February 22, 2007) was a Sierra Leonean politician from the Mende tribe. He was the founder and leader of the Civil Defence Forces, commonly known as the Kamajors. The Kamajors supported the government of Ahmed Tejan Kabbah against the Revolutionary United Front (RUF), which was led by Foday Sankoh. On 7 March 2003 Hinga Norman was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for war crimes and crimes against humanity. He died on 22 February 2007 in Dakar, Senegal while undergoing medical treatment. Youth Sam Hinga Norman was born January 1, 1940, in Mongeri, Bo District, in the Southern Province, Sierra Leone, Southern Province of Sierra Leone. He joined the Sierra Leone Army in 1959 and served until 1972, ascending to the rank of Captain (land), captain. He also attended school during this time and received a diploma from the Officer's School of Aldershot in the United Kingdom. Before his death, which entails controversies within, he ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston
Sir Henry Josiah Lightfoot Boston, GCMG (19 August 1898 – 14 December 1969) was a Sierra Leonean diplomat and politician. He was the first Sierra Leonean Governor-General of Sierra Leone. He was a member of the Creole ethnic group (descendant of freed slaves from Nova Scotia, United States and Great Britain landed in Freetown between 1792 and 1855). Career Lightfoot Boston served as Speaker of the Parliament of Sierra Leone from 1957 to 1962 and as Governor-General of Sierra Leone from 7 July 1962 to 26 March 1967. He was preceded by British diplomat Sir Maurice Henry Dorman and succeeded after a coup d'état by Brigadier Andrew Juxon-Smith. Legacy Lightfoot Boston Street in Freetown is named in his honor. Lightfoot Boston's image is featured on a 50 Leone coin issued by the Bank of Sierra Leone The Bank of Sierra Leone is the central bank of Sierra Leone. It issues the country's currency, known as the Leone. The bank formulates and implements monetary policy, inc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
