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1964 Brazilian Coup D'état
The 1964 Brazilian coup d'état () was the overthrow of Brazilian president João Goulart by a military coup from March 31 to April 1, 1964, ending the Fourth Brazilian Republic (1946–1964) and initiating the Military dictatorship in Brazil, Brazilian military dictatorship (1964–1985). The coup took the form of a military rebellion, the declaration of 1964 vacancy in the Presidency of Brazil, vacancy in the presidency by the National Congress of Brazil, National Congress on April 2, the formation of a military junta (the Supreme Command of the Revolution) and the exile of the president on April 4. In his place, Pascoal Ranieri Mazzilli, Ranieri Mazzilli, the President of the Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), president of the Chamber of Deputies, took over until the 1964 Brazilian presidential election, election by Congress of general Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco, one of the leaders of the coup. Democratically 1960 Brazilian presidential election, elected vice president in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
M41 Walker Bulldog
The M41 Walker Bulldog, officially 76-mm gun tank M41, was an American light tank developed for armed reconnaissance purposes. It was produced by Cadillac between 1951 and 1954 and marketed successfully to the United States Army as a replacement for its aging fleet of World War II-vintage M24 Chaffee tanks. Although engineered as a reconnaissance vehicle, the M41's weight and armament also made it effective in the close infantry support role and for rapid airborne deployments. Upon entering US service, all M41s received the designation ''Little Bulldog'' and subsequently, ''Walker Bulldog'' after the late General Walton Walker, who was killed in a Jeep accident in 1950. The M41 was the first postwar American light tank to see worldwide service, and was exported in considerable numbers by the United States, particularly to Asia. Development of the M41 proceeded slowly until the outbreak of the Korean War, when the US Army's renewed demands for more tanks resulted in its being ru ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Espírito Santo
Espírito Santo (; ) is a state in southeastern Brazil. Its capital is Vitória, and its largest city is Serra. With an extensive coastline, the state hosts some of the country's main ports, and its beaches are significant tourist attractions. The state is divided into 78 municipalities. The capital, Vitória, is located on an island, which borders the municipalities of Vila Velha, Cariacica, and Serra. These municipalities, plus the outer cities of Fundão and Guarapari, constitute the state's main metro area. In the northern extremes of Espírito Santo is Itaúnas, in the municipality of Conceição da Barra, which is a tourist location known for its sand dunes and forró tradition. The Captaincy of Espírito Santo was carved out of the Captaincy of Bahia in the 18th century, during the colonial rule of Brazil, and named after a 16th-century captaincy covering roughly the same area of coast. Following the elevation of Brazil to a constituent kingdom of the Un ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Augusto Rademaker
Augusto Hamann Rademaker Grünewald (11 May 1905 – 13 September 1985) was a Brazilian admiral. Rademaker was one of the leaders of the Military Junta (30 August 1969 – 30 October 1969) that ruled Brazil between the illness of Artur da Costa e Silva in August 1969 and the investiture ceremony of Emílio Garrastazu Médici in October of that same year, elected by fellow officer generals and confirmed by the Congress. In the same occasions Rademaker was picked and "elected" as vice president for the same term as Medici's (1969–1974). During his tenure as vice president he was awarded one of Portugal's highest honors, the Grand-Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword on 26 July 1972. Before, in his capacity as Minister of the Navy, he was awarded the Grand-Cross of the Order of Aviz The Military Order of Aviz (), known previously to 1910 as the Royal Military Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz (), and before 1789 as the Knights of Saint Benedict of Aviz () or ''Friars of Santa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Amaury Kruel
Amaury Kruel (11 April 1901 – 23 August 1996) was a Brazilian military officer and politician who served as officer of the Staff (military), General Staff of the Brazilian Expeditionary Force (FEB) in 1944–1945, head of the Federal Police of Brazil, Federal Office of Public Security (DFSP) in 1957–1959 and Ministry of War (Brazil), Minister of War in 1962–1963. Despite initially supporting president João Goulart, Kruel later switched sides and was one of the main participants in the 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, 1964 coup d'état at the head of the Southeastern Military Command (Brazil), 2nd Army, from 1963 to 1966. He reached the rank of army general, being promoted to Marshal (Brazil), marshal when he retired. He was then a Chamber of Deputies (Brazil), federal deputy for Guanabara (state), Guanabara from 1967 to 1971. A friend of Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco since he was a teenager at the Military School of Porto Alegre, he participated in the Brazilian Revolutio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Artur Da Costa E Silva
Artur da Costa e Silva (; 3 October 1899 – 17 December 1969) was a Brazilian Army Marshal and the second president of the Brazilian military government that came to power after the 1964 coup d'état. He reached the rank of Marshal of the Brazilian Army, and held the post of Minister of War in the military government of president Castelo Branco. His administration, following the enactment of Institutional Act 5 (AI-5), marked the beginning of the harshest and most brutal phase of the military dictatorship, which was continued by General Emílio Garrastazu Médici, his successor. AI-5 granted him the power to shut down the National Congress, remove politicians from office, and institutionalize repression in response to the growing opposition to the regime. This repression was carried out through both legal and illegal means, including the torture of civilians. Costa e Silva's government was also characterized by a 15.72% growth in GDP (an average of 7.86%) and a 10.68% in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Humberto De Alencar Castelo Branco
Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco (20 September 1897 – 18 July 1967) was a Brazilian military officer and politician who served as the 26th president of Brazil, the first leader of the Brazilian military dictatorship following the 1964 coup d'état. He was a member of a more liberal "legalist" faction within the regime, as opposed to his more authoritarian successors. His administration was marked by the consolidation of the military regime. One of his first acts was the enactment of Institutional Act No. 2, which abolished the multi-party system in the country and granted the President of the Republic the power to revoke the mandates of congressmen and call for indirect elections. In Brazilian foreign policy, he began to seek economic, political, and military support from the United States. He was the son of General Cândido Borges Castelo Branco, the sixth grandson of the eleventh Lord of Pombeiro and his wife, the ninth Lady of Belas, and his wife Antonieta de Alencar Gur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
Olímpio Mourão Filho
Olímpio Mourão Filho (9 May 1900 – 28 May 1972) was a Brazilian military officer known as the author of the Cohen Plan, a forged document used to justify the Estado Novo coup in 1937, and, as head of the 4th Military Region/Infantry Division, as the precipitator of the 1964 coup d'état that installed the military dictatorship in Brazil. He reached the rank of army general and ended his career presiding over the Superior Military Court (STM) from 1967 to 1969. As head of the secret service of the Brazilian Integralist Action (AIB), under orders from Plínio Salgado, he wrote the script for a seizure of power by the communists. In the hands of the government, the text was disclosed and falsely attributed to the Communist International as a real insurrection plan, thus justifying the adoption of dictatorial powers by Getúlio Vargas. Accusations of having served to implement the Estado Novo harmed his career and created lasting distrust among other officers, even though ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] [Amazon] |
