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1870 Costa Rican Coup D'état
The coup d'état of April 27, 1870 in Costa Rica was a coup implemented by the military leadership led by Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez and it established, to a large extent, the inauguration of the Liberal State. It also enacted the Costa Rican Constitution of 1871, the longest in Costa Rican history as it remained in force until 1948. The coup overthrew the de facto president Jesús Jiménez Zamora and was originally set by former president José María Montealegre Fernández, who aspired the return to power by force. A group of soldiers led by the Guardia clandestinely entered the Army Headquarters, then see of the army and took control of it. However, Guardia did not hand over power to Montealegre but to Bruno Carranza who soon afterwards resigns and the Guardia-dominated Congress appoints Guardia directly. Guardia was very popular among the military, especially for his heroic performance in the Filibuster War. While Montealegre and Jiménez both belonged to the group of antimori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Teatro Melico Salazar
Teatro may refer to: * Theatre * Teatro (band) Teatro, Italian for "theatre", is a vocal group signed to the Sony BMG music label. The members of Teatro are Jeremiah James, Andrew Alexander, Simon Bailey and Stephen Rahman-Hughes. Band members Jeremiah James Jeremiah James was born in up ..., musical act signed to Sony BMG * ''Teatro'' (Willie Nelson album), 1998 * ''Teatro'' (Draco Rosa album), 2008 {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime boundary, maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of nearly . An estimated people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Presidential system, presidential republic. It has a long-standing and stable Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agriculture, has diversified to include sectors such as finance, corporate services for foreign companies, pharmaceut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez
Tomás Miguel Guardia Gutiérrez (16 December 1831 – 6 July 1882) was a Costa Rican military officer and politician who was the 8th and 11th President of Costa Rica, serving from 1870 to 1876 and again from 1877 until his death in 1882. He remains one of the most influential figures in 19th-century Costa Rican politics. Guardia rose to prominence as a leading figure in the military coup of 27 April 1870, when a group of army officers overthrew President Jesús Jiménez Zamora. Initially, he wielded power behind the scenes during the brief administration of his fellow conspirator, Bruno Carranza Ramírez, but after only three months, Guardia assumed the presidency himself in an acting capacity. He was elected in 1872 for a three-year term. On 8 May 1876, Guardia formally relinquished the presidency to Aniceto Esquivel Sáenz, who had been elected earlier that year. However, he continued to exert significant political influence, effectively controlling both Esquivel's admin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liberal State
The Liberal State is the historical period in Costa Rica that occurred approximately between 1870 and 1940. It responded to the hegemonic dominion in the political, ideological and economic aspects of liberal philosophy. It is considered a period of transcendental importance in History of Costa Rica, Costa Rican history, as it's when the consolidation of the Nation state, National State and its institutions finally takes place. The arrival of the Liberalism in Costa Rica, Liberals in power meant a profound change that affected all the essential aspects of Politics of Costa Rica, Costa Rican politics, Economy of Costa Rica, economy, Costa Rican people, society and Culture of Costa Rica, culture. During this stage of national history, the development of a capitalist economy based on an agro-export model allowed Costa Rica its insertion in the world market and the generation of the necessary resources to develop its institutions and create infrastructure works, the most significa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rican Constitution Of 1871
The Political Constitution of Costa Rica of 1871 has been the longest duration Constitution in the history of the country, as except for brief periods, it was in force between 1871 and 1949. Influenced by the Liberals, the Constitution of 1871 was quite pioneering for the time and, among other things, abolished the death penalty, decreed the freedom of religion, strengthened education and separated the Three branches of government, three branches of the Republic. History In 1870 the provisional Costa Rican president Bruno Carranza Ramírez called a Constituent Assembly shortly before resigning his post, which was assumed by General Tomás Guardia. This Assembly temporarily maintained the 1859 Constitution, however, Guardia dissolved that Assembly on October 10, 1870. On August 12, 1871, elections were held to elect deputies to the new Constituent Assembly, which was established on March 5, 1870. October of that year and until December 7, 1871, in which the new Constitution emanat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jesús Jiménez Zamora
Jesús María Ciriaco Jiménez Zamora (June 18, 1823 – February 12, 1897) was President of Costa Rica on two occasions: 1863 to 1866, and 1868 to 1870. He was popularly elected in 1863, but dissolved Congress two months into his term of office. During his presidency he granted asylum to former Salvadoran President Gen. Gerardo Barrios, as a result of which the other four Central American governments broke off diplomatic relations with Costa Rica. He passed on the presidency democratically to José María Castro Madriz at the end of his mandate in 1866, only to overthrow him in a coup d'état two years later and assume the office of president for a second time. This second mandate, in turn, came to an end in a coup on 27 April 1870. Jesús Jiménez was the father of three-time President Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno Romualdo Ricardo Jiménez Oreamuno (6 February 1859 – 4 January 1945) was a Costa Rican lawyer and statesman who served as President of Costa Rica on three ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
José María Montealegre Fernández
José is a predominantly Spanish and Portuguese form of the given name Joseph. While spelled alike, this name is pronounced very differently in each of the two languages: Spanish ; Portuguese (or ). In French, the name ''José'', pronounced , is an old vernacular form of Joseph, which is also in current usage as a given name. José is also commonly used as part of masculine name composites, such as José Manuel, José Maria or Antonio José, and also in female name composites like Maria José or Marie-José. The feminine written form is ''Josée'' as in French. In Netherlandic Dutch, however, ''José'' is a feminine given name and is pronounced ; it may occur as part of name composites like Marie-José or as a feminine first name in its own right; it can also be short for the name ''Josina'' and even a Dutch hypocorism of the name ''Johanna''. In England, Jose is originally a Romano-Celtic surname, and people with this family name can usually be found in, or traced to, the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bruno Carranza
José Bruno Carranza Ramírez (October 5, 1822 – January 25, 1891) was briefly President of Costa Rica (albeit with the title ''Temporary Head of the Republic'') in 1870. Bruno Carranza came to power in the coup d'état of 27 April 1870 that deposed President Jesús Jiménez. He resigned three months later. His parents were Miguel Carranza Fernández (Vice-Head of State between 1838 and 1841) and Joaquina Ramírez y García. In 1847 he married Gerónima Montealegre, sister of President José María Montealegre Fernández. His great-great-granddaughter is actress Madeleine Stowe. Studies and career Carranza graduated in medicine from the University of San Carlos in Guatemala. After returning to Costa Rica he practiced both privately and in the State-run Hospital San Juan de Dios. He was inspector general of vaccinations and proto-medicines. He served in Nicaragua as a military doctor during the 1856 Campaign against William Walker, but had to return almost immediately ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Constitutional Congress Of Costa Rica
:''Not to confuse with the Constituent Assembly of Costa Rica'' The Constitutional Congress of Costa Rica was the unicameral parliament of the country for most of its history. It was established in the Political Constitution of 1871. It consisted of 43 deputies and 18 alternates elected proportionally by provinces at the rate of one deputy for every 15,000 inhabitants with, among other powers, being able to choose the President in case none of the candidates obtained the minimum required to be elected, as happened in the 1913 election, the first election that were held with direct popular vote, and in which none of the candidates; Máximo Fernández Alvarado, Carlos Durán Cartín and Rafael Yglesias Castro, gathered enough votes to win in the first round. It was therefore the responsibility of the Congress to choose the president from among the candidates, but all of them withdrew their name and Alfredo González Flores was chosen. After the controversial election of 1948 in w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Filibuster War
The Filibuster War, otherwise referred to as the Walker affair, or The National Campaign of 1856 and 1857 in Costa Rica, was a military conflict between filibustering multinational troops stationed in Nicaragua and a coalition of Central American armies. An American mercenary, William Walker, and his small private army were invited to Nicaragua in 1855. He seized control of the country by 1856, but was ousted the following year. Background Nicaragua's independence from Spain, Mexico, and then from the United Provinces of Central America in 1838 did not free it from foreign interference. The 1850s California Gold Rush created interest in the United States in finding a quicker route between the American east and west coasts. However, Great Britain had long been present on the coast of Nicaragua, which created tension between the two countries. The Clayton–Bulwer Treaty was signed in 1850, in which both sides "agreed that neither would claim exclusive power over a future ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
