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Ōura Scandal
of 1915 was one of several spectacular political scandals of late Meiji period, Meiji and Taishō periods in Japanese history. After the entry of Japan into World War I, the administration of Prime Minister of Japan, Prime Minister Ōkuma Shigenobu had to report to the House of Representatives of Japan, lower house of the Diet of Japan, Diet that expenditures had greatly exceeded projections, and furthermore had to put forth a request by the Imperial Japanese Army for an increase in funding to support an additional 86,000 men – a request which had previously led to the collapse of the Saionji Kinmochi, Saionji administration. As the majority of the lower house controlled by opposition parties hostile to Ōkuma, the request for additional funds failed and Ōkuma dissolved the house, calling a snap election on March 25, 1915. In the campaigning during the 1915 Japanese general election, Japanese election of 1915, Ōkuma avoided any mention of increased funding for the military, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Twenty-One Demands
The Twenty-One Demands (; ) was a set of demands made during the World War I, First World War by the Empire of Japan under Prime Minister of Japan, Prime Minister Ōkuma Shigenobu to the Government of the Chinese Republic, government of the Republic of China (1912–49), Republic of China on 18 January 1915. The secret demands would greatly extend Japanese control of China. Japan would keep the former German areas it had conquered at the start of World War I in 1914 and would be strong in History of Manchuria#Russian and Japanese encroachment, Manchuria and South Mongolia while having an expanded role in railways. The most extreme demands (in section 5) would give Japan a decisive voice in finance, policing, and government affairs. The last part would make China in effect a protectorate of Japan, and thereby reduce Western influence. Japan was in a strong position during the course of the war as the Allies of World War I, Allies were in a stalemate with their rivals, the Centra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Politics Of The Empire Of Japan
Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of status or resources. The branch of social science that studies politics and government is referred to as political science. Politics may be used positively in the context of a "political solution" which is compromising and non-violent, or descriptively as "the art or science of government", but the word often also carries a negative connotation.. The concept has been defined in various ways, and different approaches have fundamentally differing views on whether it should be used extensively or in a limited way, empirically or normatively, and on whether conflict or co-operation is more essential to it. A variety of methods are deployed in politics, which include promoting one's own political views among people, negotiation with other political subjects, making laws, and exercising internal and external f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1914 In Japan
Events in the year 1914 in Japan. It corresponds to Taishō 3 (大正3年) in the Japanese calendar. Incumbents *Emperor: Taishō *Prime Minister: **Yamamoto Gonnohyōe **Ōkuma Shigenobu Governors *Aichi Prefecture: Matsui Shigeru *Akita Prefecture: Toyosuke Haneda (until 28 May); Saburo Sakamoto (starting 28 May) *Aomori Prefecture: Takeo Tanaka (until 28 April); Matsujiro Obama (starting 28 April) *Ehime Prefecture: Renarto Fukamachi *Fukui Prefecture: Teru Kagawa (until 9 June); Sato Kozaburo (starting 9 June) *Fukushima Prefecture: Ota Masahiro *Gifu Prefecture: Shimada Gotaro *Gunma Prefecture: Muneyoshi Oshiba (until 28 April); Miyake Gennosuke (starting 28 April) * Hiroshima Prefecture: Terada Yushi *Hyogo Prefecture: Seino Chotarno *Ibaraki Prefecture: Keisuke Sakanaka *Ishikawa Prefecture: Kiichirō Kumagai (until month unknown) *Iwate Prefecture: Sadajiro Tsutsumi (until 9 January); Rinpei Otsu (starting 9 January) *Kagawa Prefecture: Kogoro K ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genrō
was an unofficial designation given to a generation of elder Japanese statesmen, all born in the 1830s and 1840s, who served as informal extraconstitutional advisors to the emperor during the Meiji, Taishō, and early Shōwa eras of Japanese history. The institution of ''genrō'' originated with the traditional council of elders ('' Rōjū'') common in the Edo period; however, the term ''genrō'' appears to have been coined by a newspaper only in 1892. The term is sometimes confused with the ''Genrōin'' (Chamber of Elders), a legislative body which existed from 1875–1890; however, the ''genrō'' were not related to the establishment of that body or its dissolution. Experienced leaders of the Meiji Restoration were singled out by the Emperor as , and asked to act as Imperial advisors. With the exception of Saionji Kinmochi, all the ''genrō'' were from medium or lower ranking ''samurai'' families, four each from Satsuma and Chōshū, the two former domains that had be ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rikken Dōshikai
The Rikken-Dōshi Kai () was a political party active in the Empire of Japan in the early years of the 20th century. It was also known as simply the Dōshikai. Founded by Prime Minister Katsura Tarō on February 7, 1913, the ''Rikken Dōshikai'' largely served to support his cabinet against criticism by Ozaki Yukio and his '' Rikken Seiyūkai'' party, which at the time held a majority of the seats in the Lower House of the Diet of Japan, as well as by Inukai Tsuyoshi of the Rikken Kokuminto party. Katsura was able to convince 90 Diet members (including all 31 members of the Chūō Club and half of the Rikken Kokumintō The Rikken Kokumintō () was a minor political party in the Empire of Japan. It was also known as simply the Kokumintō. History The ''Kokumintō'' was founded in March 1910, by a merger of the ''Kensei Hontō'' with a number of minor political ...) to join his new party. The party survived Katsura's death in 1913, and under the leadership of Katō Takaak ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Home Ministry (Japan)
An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement. In some states, the interior ministry is entrusted with the functions of ensuring national security, immigration issues and protecting places of detention. Structurally, an interior ministry is part of the highest bodies of executive power and reports directly to the head of government. In states with a federal structure, the ministry often has branches at the level of states or federal subjects. Lists of current interior ministries Named "ministry" * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Adygea) * Ministry of Interior Affairs (Afghanistan) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Albania) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Altai Republic) * Ministry of the Interior (Argentina) * Ministry of the Interior (Austria) * Ministry of Internal Affairs (Azerbaijan) * Minist ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ōura Kanetake
Viscount was a politician and bureaucrat in late Meiji period, Meiji and early Taishō period Empire of Japan. Early life The Ōura family was hereditary retainers to a branch of the Shimazu clan of Satsuma Domain. As a Satsuma samurai, Ōura Kanetaka participated in the Boshin War and the suppression of the Ōuetsu Reppan Dōmei during the Meiji Restoration. Under the new Meiji government, he joined the fledgling Police services of the Empire of Japan, Japanese police force, working his way up through the ranks until he became Assistant Police Inspector of the Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department. In this capacity, he was field commander of the police forces sent to assist the fledgling Imperial Japanese Army in suppressing his fellow Satsuma countrymen in the Satsuma Rebellion. Political career After serving as appointed governor of Shimane Prefecture (1893–1895), Yamaguchi Prefecture (1895–1896), Kumamoto Prefecture (1896–1898) and Miyazaki Prefecture (1898), Ōu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absolute Majority
A majority is more than half of a total; however, the term is commonly used with other meanings, as explained in the " Related terms" section below. It is a subset of a set consisting of more than half of the set's elements. For example, if a group consists of 31 individuals, a majority would be 16 or more individuals, while having 15 or fewer individuals would not constitute a majority. A majority is different from, but often confused with, a plurality, which is a subset larger than any other subset but not necessarily more than half the set. See the " Related terms" section below for details. Majority vote In parliamentary procedure, a majority always means precisely "more than half". Other common definitions (e.g. the frequent 50%+1) may be misleading (see "Common errors" below). Depending on the parliamentary authority used, there may be a difference in the total that is used to calculate a majority vote due to spoiled votes. Comparing the two most popular authoritie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siemens Scandal
The of January 1914 involved collusion between several high-ranking members of the Imperial Japanese Navy, the British company Vickers, and the German industrial conglomerate of Siemens AG. It was one of several spectacular political scandals of late Meiji and Taishō period Japanese politics, leading to the fall of the cabinet of Yamamoto Gonnohyoe. Kickbacks in shipbuilding The Japanese navy engaged in a massive expansion program during the late Meiji period and early Taishō period. Many major orders of materiel (such as advanced warships and weaponry) were imported from Europe. Siemens had secured a virtual monopoly over Japanese naval contracts in return for a secret 15% kickback to the Japanese naval authorities responsible for procurement. In 1914, the British firm of Vickers (via their Japanese agents Mitsui Bussan) offered the Japanese naval authorities a more lucrative deal, involving a 25% kickback, with 40,000 yen for Vice Admiral Matsumoto Kazu, the former Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Imperial Japanese Navy
The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: Shinjitai: ' 'Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire', or ''Nippon Kaigun'', 'Japanese Navy') was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 to 1945, Potsdam Declaration, when it was dissolved following surrender of Japan, Japan's surrender in World War II. The Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF) was formed between 1952 and 1954 after the dissolution of the IJN. The IJN was the third largest navy in the world by 1920, behind the Royal Navy and the United States Navy (USN). It was supported by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service for reconnaissance and airstrike operations from the fleet. It was the primary opponent of the Allies of World War II, Western Allies in the Pacific War. The IJN additionally fielded Imperial Japanese Navy land forces, limited land-based forces, including Special Naval Landing Forces, professional marines, Japanese marine paratroopers of World War II, marine paratrooper units, anti-aircraft defense units ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rikken Seiyūkai
The was one of the main political party, political parties in the pre-war Empire of Japan. It was also known simply as the ''Seiyūkai''. Founded on September 15, 1900, by Itō Hirobumi,David S. Spencer, "Some Thoughts on the Political Development of the Japanese People", ''The Journal of International Relations'' (January 1920) p325 the ''Seiyūkai'' was a pro-government alliance of bureaucrats and former members of the ''Kenseitō.'' The ''Seiyūkai'' was the most powerful political party in the House of Representatives of Japan, Lower House of the Diet of Japan from 1900 to 1921, and it promoted big government and large-scale public spending. Though labeled "Liberalism, liberal" by its own members, it was generally conservatism, conservative by modern definitions. It often opposed social reforms and it supported bureaucratic control and militarism to win votes. It viewed the ''Rikken Minseitō'' as its main rival. The ''Seiyūkai'' came into power in October 1900 under th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
