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Étienne-Laurent-Pierre Burnel
Étienne Laurent Pierre Burnel (22 May 1762 in Rennes – 12 July 1835 in Rennes) was a French colonial administrator. Life Born into a middle-class family, Burnel studied at the Jesuit college in Rennes - his father Pierre-Étienne Burnel was a magistrate who spent much of his career in Guyana. Aged 18, Burnel joined the régiment de Béarn, in which he spent several years under the command of the chevalier de Payan, working as his secretary. On 16 November 1790, he moved to Isle de France (Mauritius) to seek his fortune. On 1 January 1791 he founded the ''Le Journal politique et littéraire'', editing it for 18 months. At the end of 1791, one year after arriving, he joined the bar at Port Louis. Becoming a public personality and general correspondent and 'avocat d'affaires' to the colonial assembly at Pondicherry, he then became a member of the local directory in 1794. In March 1794, he chartered a ship under an American flag on a commercial operation and sailed on her himself. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rennes
Rennes (; ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Resnn''; ) is a city in the east of Brittany in Northwestern France at the confluence of the rivers Ille and Vilaine. Rennes is the prefecture of the Brittany (administrative region), Brittany Regions of France, region and Ille-et-Vilaine Departments of France, department. In 2021, its Urban unit, urban area had a population of 371,464 inhabitants, while the larger Functional area (France), metropolitan area had a population of 771,320.Comparateur de territoire Unité urbaine 2020 de Rennes (35701), Aire d'attraction des villes 2020 de Rennes (013) INSEE. The inhabitants of Rennes are called ''Rennais'' (masculine) and ''Rennaises'' (feminine) in French language, French. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Réunion
Réunion (; ; ; known as before 1848) is an island in the Indian Ocean that is an overseas departments and regions of France, overseas department and region of France. Part of the Mascarene Islands, it is located approximately east of the island of Madagascar and southwest of the island of Mauritius. , it had a population of 896,175. Its capital and largest city is Saint-Denis, La Réunion, Saint-Denis. Réunion was uninhabited until French immigrants and colonial subjects settled the island in the 17th century. Its tropical climate led to the development of a plantation economy focused primarily on sugar; slaves from East Africa were imported as fieldworkers, followed by Malays, Annamite, Vietnamese, Chinese, and Indians as indentured laborers. Today, the greatest proportion of the population is of mixed descent, while the predominant language is Réunion Creole, though French remains the sole official language. Since 1946, Réunion has been governed as a regions of France, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
July Revolution
The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (), Second French Revolution, or ("Three Glorious [Days]"), was a second French Revolution after French Revolution, the first of 1789–99. It led to the overthrow of King Charles X of France, Charles X, the French House of Bourbon, Bourbon monarch, and the ascent of his cousin Louis Philippe I, Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans. The 1830 Revolution marked a shift from one constitutional monarchy, under the Bourbon Restoration in France, restored House of Bourbon, to another, the July Monarchy; the transition of power from the House of Bourbon to its cadet branch, the House of Orléans; and the replacement of the principle of hereditary right by that of popular sovereignty. Supporters of the Bourbons would be called Legitimists, and supporters of Louis Philippe were known as Orléanists. In addition, there continued to be Bonapartists supporting the return of Napoleon Bonaparte, Napoleon's heirs. After 18 preca ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles Du Houx De Vioménil
Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English and French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''*karilaz'' (in Latin alphabet), whose meaning was "free man". The Old English descendant of this word was '' ÄŠearl'' or ''ÄŠeorl'', as the name of King Cearl of Mercia, that disappeared after the Norman conquest of England. The name was notably borne by Charlemagne (Charles the Great), and was at the time Latinized as ''Karolus'' (as in ''Vita Karoli Magni''), later also as '' Carolus''. Etymology The name's etymology is a Common Germanic noun ''*karilaz'' meaning "free man", which survives in English as churl (James (< Latin ''-us'', see Spanish/ Portuguese ''Carlos''). According to Julius Pokorny, the historical linguist and Indo-European studies, Indo-Europeanist, the root meaning of Charles is "old man", from Proto-Indo-European language, Indo-European *wikt:Appendix:Proto-Indo-Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maximilien De Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (; ; 6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and statesman, widely recognised as one of the most influential and controversial figures of the French Revolution. Robespierre fervently campaigned for the voting rights of all men and their unimpeded admission to the National Guard. Additionally, he advocated the right to petition, the right to bear arms in self-defence, and the abolition of the Atlantic slave trade. A radical Jacobin leader, Robespierre was elected as a deputy to the National Convention in September 1792, and in July 1793, he was appointed a member of the Committee of Public Safety. Robespierre faced growing disillusionment due in part to the politically motivated violence associated with him. Increasingly, members of the Convention turned against him, and accusations came to a head on 9 Thermidor. Robespierre was arrested and with around 90 others, he was executed without trial. A figure deeply ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
18 Brumaire
The Coup of 18 Brumaire () brought Napoleon Bonaparte to power as First Consul of the French First Republic. In the view of most historians, it ended the French Revolution and would soon lead to the coronation of Napoleon as Emperor of the French. This bloodless coup d'état overthrew the Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate. This occurred on 9 November 1799, which was 18 Brumaire, Year VIII, under the short-lived French Republican calendar system. Context After Habsburg-controlled Austria declared war on France on 12 March 1799, emergency measures were adopted and the pro-war Jacobin faction, the Montagnards, triumphed in the 1799 French legislative election held in April. With Napoleon and the republic's best army engaged in the French invasion of Egypt and Syria, France suffered a series of reverses on the battlefield in the spring and summer of 1799. The Coup of 30 Prairial VII (18 June) ousted the Jacobins and left Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès, a membe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
François Barbé-Marbois
François, marquis de Barbé-Marbois (31 January 1745 – 12 February 1837) was a French civil servant, diplomat, and politician. He was ambassador of France to the United States (1784–1785), where he married the daughter of the Governor of Pennsylvania, William Moore. He then became Napoleon I's Minister of the Treasury (1801–1806), before Napoleon appointed him First President of the '' Cour des Comptes'', ("Court of Accounts"), France's supreme audit institution (1807–1814). Early career Born in Metz, where his father was director of the local mint, Barbé-Marbois tutored the children of the Marquis de Castries. In 1779, he was made secretary of the French legation to the United States. In 1780, Barbé-Marbois sent a questionnaire to the governors of all thirteen former American colonies, seeking information about each state's geography, natural resources, history, and government. Thomas Jefferson, who was then finishing his final term as Virginia's gover ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
André-Daniel Laffon De Ladebat
André-Daniel Laffon de Ladebat (30 November 1746 – 14 October 1829) was a French financier, politician, and philanthropist. Early life André Laffon de Ladebat was born in Bordeaux, France, the son of commercial shipowner Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat. He studied in the Netherlands at the Protestant University of Franeker. In 1763, returning to France after a stay in England, de Ladebat entered his father's naval armaments business, invested heavily in the development of an "Experimental Farm" in Pessac, and began to deforest the moors of Bordeaux. During the same period, he actively participated in the work of the Bordeaux Academy of Sciences as well as the Academy of Painting and Sculpture, of which he was president. De Ladebat distinguished himself through his writings on finance, political economy, and the improvement of living conditions. He is especially noted for his 1788 work "Discourse on the Necessity and the Means of Abolishing Slavery in the Colonies, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guillaume Alexandre Tronsson ()
{{disambig ...
Guillaume may refer to: People * Guillaume (given name), the French equivalent of William * Guillaume (surname), the French equivalent of Williams Places * Guillaume (crater), Moon, Earth-Moon System, Solar System * Guillaumes, Vence, Nice, Alpes-Maritimes, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France; a commune Other uses * Saint-Guillaume (other) See also * ''Chanson de Guillaume'', an 11th or 12th century poem * Guillaume affair, a Cold War espionage scandal that led to the resignation of West German Chancellor Willi Brandt * * William (other) William is a masculine given name. William may also refer to: People * List of people named William, a list of people with the given name * King William (other), lists various kings named ''William'' * Prince William (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Jean-Charles Pichegru (; 16 February 1761 – 5 April 1804) was a French general of the Revolutionary Wars. Under his command, French troops overran Belgium and the Netherlands before fighting on the Rhine front. His royalist positions led to his loss of power and imprisonment in Cayenne, French Guiana during the Coup of 18 Fructidor in 1797. After escaping into exile in London and joining the staff of Alexander Korsakov, he returned to France and planned the Pichegru Conspiracy to remove Napoleon from power, which led to his arrest and death. Despite his defection, his surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 3. Early life and career Pichegru was born in a peasant family at Arbois (or, according to Charles Nodier, at Les Planches-près-Arbois, near Lons-le-Saulnier), in the then Franche-Comté (now in the Jura department of France). The friars of Arbois were entrusted with his education, and sent him to the military school of Brienne-l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coup Of 18 Fructidor
The Coup of 18 Fructidor, Year V (4 September 1797 in the French Republican Calendar), was a seizure of power in France by members of the French Directory, Directory, then forming the government of the First French Republic, with support from the military. The coup was provoked by the results of elections held months earlier, which had given the majority of seats in the country's Corps législatif (Legislative body) to Monarchism in France, royalist candidates, threatening a restoration of the House of Bourbon, monarchy and a return to the ancien régime. Three of the five members of the Directory, Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras, Paul Barras, Jean-François Rewbell and Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux, with support of foreign minister Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord,Bernard, pp. 193–194. staged the coup d'état that annulled many of the previous election's results and ousted the monarchists from the legislature. History Royalist candidates had gai ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
Jacques-Nicolas Billaud-Varenne (; 23 April 1756 – 3 June 1819), also known as Jean Nicolas or by his nicknames, the Righteous Patriot or the Tiger, was a French lawyer and a major figure in the French Revolution. A close associate of Georges Danton and Maximilien Robespierre, he was one of the most militant members of the Committee of Public Safety, and is often considered a key architect of the Reign of Terror. Billaud-Varenne subsequently broke with Robespierre, partly due to their ideological conflicts relating to the centralization of power. Ultimately he played a major role in Robespierre's downfall on 9 Thermidor, an act for which he later expressed remorse. After Thermidor, Billaud-Varenne was part of the ''Crêtois'', the last group of deputies from The Mountain. He presided over the persecution of Louis-Marie Turreau and Jean-Baptiste Carrier for their massacres during the War in the Vendée, which ended by their execution. Billaud-Varenne was later arrested durin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
