Zemlya Georga, or Prince George Land (russian: Земля Георга; ''Zemlya Georga'', "George Land"), is the largest island in

Franz Josef Land , native_name = , image_name = Map of Franz Josef Land-en.svg , image_caption = Map of Franz Josef Land , image_size = , map_image = Franz Josef Land location-en.svg , map_caption = Location of Franz Josef ...

Arkhangelsk Oblast Arkhangelsk Oblast (russian: Арха́нгельская о́бласть, ''Arkhangelskaya oblast'') is a federal subjects of Russia, federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It includes the Arctic Ocean, Arctic archipelagos of Franz Josef Land ...

Russian Arctic The Extreme North or Far North (russian: Крайний Север, Дальний Север) is a large part of Russia located mainly north of the Arctic Circle and boasting enormous mineral and natural resources. Its total area is about , ...

. Zemlya Georga was named by

Frederick George Jackson Frederick George Jackson (6 March 1860 – 13 March 1938) was an English Arctic explorer remembered for his expedition to Franz Josef Land, when he located the missing Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen. Biography Early life Jackson w ...

after Prince George.

Geography

With a total surface of , slightly larger than

Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...

, Zemlya Georga is the largest island of the Franz Josef Archipelago. It is also the longest, with a distance of between its northernmost and its southernmost ends. The highest point of the island is the summit of Brusilov Ice Dome, the northeastern ice dome, at . The island has a complex coastline, with many bays, deep inlets and capes. Zemlya Georga has three capes pointing southwestwards on its southern coast: ''Cape Neale'' (the westernmost end of the island), ''Cape Crowther'' and ''Cape Grant''. Its easternmost cape is known as ''Mys Murray''. The two capes pointing north, ''Mys Bryusa'' and ''Mys Battenberg'', are separated from each other by ''Sommerville Bay''. The westernmost cape of this peninsula is ''Mys Mul'tanovskogo'', beyond which lies the sound known as ''Proliv Arkhangelskiy'' between Zemlya Georga and

Alexandra Land Alexandra Land (russian: Земля Александры, ''Zemlya Aleksandry'') is a large island located in Franz Josef Land, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russian Federation. Not counting detached and far-lying Victoria Island, it is the westernmost i ...

. The sound known as ''Cambridge Channel'' (Proliv Kambritch) is located further to the southwest. There are no permanent inhabitants on the island however there is a seasonal research station which can shelter up to 10 persons. The ''Nightingale Channel'' (Proliv Neytingeyl) runs east of Zemlya Georga, separating it from

Bruce Island Bruce Island (russian: text=Остров Брюса, translit=Ostrov Brjusa, italic=yes) is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia. Its area is . The highest point of the island is . This island was named after Henry Bruce, who succeeded the Earl ...

Glaciers

Most of the land lies under large

glacier A glacier (; ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its Ablation#Glaciology, ablation over many years, often Century, centuries. It acquires dis ...

s and

ice dome Glacier morphology, or the form a glacier takes, is influenced by temperature, precipitation, topography, and other factors. The goal of glacial morphology is to gain a better understanding of glaciated landscapes and the way they are shaped. Ty ...

s, such as the Brusilov Ice Dome, Gretton Ice Dome, Dzegudze Ice Dome (Купол Дзегудзе), Zander Ice Dome, Foggy Ice Dome (Купол туманный), Arctic Geology Research Institute Ice Dome (Купол Научно-исследовательский институт геологии Арктики) and the Peary Ice Dome, although there is a large, mostly

unglacierized A glacier (; ) is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight. A glacier forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation over many years, often centuries. It acquires distinguishing features, such as ...

peninsula at its northern end, ''Poluostrov Armitidzh''.

Adjacent Islands

* ''David Island'' (Ostrovok Davida), lat 80.15 N long 47.33 E, is a small islet located off Zemlya Georga's southwestern point. *

Arthur Island Arthur Island (russian: Остров Артура; ''Ostrov Artura'') is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia. It belongs administratively to the Arkhangelsk Oblast of the Russian Federation. Geography Arthur Island lies in the Queen Victoria ...

lies north of Zemlya Georga's northernmost end, separated from it by the sound known as Proliv Li-Smita.

History

British explorer

Benjamin Leigh Smith Benjamin Leigh Smith (12 March 1828 – 4 January 1913) was an English Arctic explorer and yachtsman. He is the grandson of the Radical abolitionist William Smith. Early life He was born in Whatlington, Sussex, the extramarital child ...

, discovered Zemlya Georga in 1880. The Jackson–Harmsworth expedition established in 1897 that the land discovered by Leigh Smith is composed of two separate islands, the other being today's

. pp. 20f.

Image gallery

References

External links

*
Global Land Ice Measurements from Space Glacier DatabasePolar Soviet aviation: Chronology
{{Franz Josef Land Islands of Franz Josef Land Islands of Arkhangelsk Oblast