The ''Yingya Shenglan'' (), written by
Ma Huan
Ma Huan (, Xiao'erjing: ) (c. 1380–1460), courtesy name Zongdao (), pen name Mountain-woodcutter (會稽山樵), was a Chinese voyager and translator who accompanied Admiral Zheng He on three of his seven expeditions to the Western Oceans. Ma ...
in 1451, is a book about the countries visited by him over the course of the
Ming treasure voyages
The Ming treasure voyages were the seven maritime expeditions undertaken by Ming China's treasure fleet between 1405 and 1433. The Yongle Emperor ordered the construction of the treasure fleet in 1403. The grand project resulted in far-reachi ...
led by
Zheng He
Zheng He (; 1371–1433 or 1435) was a Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, fleet admiral, and court eunuch during China's early Ming dynasty. He was originally born as Ma He in a Muslim family and later adopted the surname Zheng conferr ...
.
There is no surviving extant version of the original ''Yingya Shenglan''.
[.] However, later Ming copies of Ma's work have been preserved, even though these copies contain differences due to later editors. These include the ''Yihai Huihan''
海匯函version (1507), Zhang Sheng's so-called "
rifacimento" (1522),
[ the ''Guochao Diangu'' 朝典故version (edited by Deng Shilong),][.] the ''Jilu Huibian'' 錄彙編version (1617)[ and the ''Shengchao Yishi'' 朝遺事version (1824) from the Qing period.][.]
Ma Huan served as an interpreter on the fourth, sixth, and seventh voyage.[.][.] Guo Chongli was Ma Huan collaborator on the ''Yingya Shenglan''.[.] He personally participated in three of the expeditions.[ These two gentlemen recorded their observations in notes, which were used to compose the ''Yingya Shenglan''.][
]
See also
* Fei Xin
Fei Xin (; - after 1436) was a member of the military personnel of the fleet of the Ming dynasty admiral Zheng He, known as the author of a book about the countries visited by Chinese ships.
Biography
Little is known about Fei Xin's life. His ...
's ''Xingcha Shenglan
The ''Xingcha Shenglan'' () was a Chinese historical work written by Fei Xin. Fei Xin served as a soldier in the third, fifth, and seventh Ming treasure voyages under the command of Admiral Zheng He. The book contains descriptions of foreign place ...
''
* Gong Zhen Gong Zhen () was a fifteenth-century translator and writer famous for his association with the Chinese admiral Zheng He.
Life
Born near Nanjing in present-day Jiangsu Province during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Gong Zhen's dates of birth and de ...
's ''Xiyang Fanguo Zhi Gong Zhen () was a fifteenth-century translator and writer famous for his association with the Chinese admiral Zheng He.
Life
Born near Nanjing in present-day Jiangsu Province during the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), Gong Zhen's dates of birth and de ...
''
Notes
References
Citations
Sources
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Chinese history texts
15th-century history books
Travel books
Ming dynasty literature
Treasure voyages
Chinese non-fiction books