Yiannis Pharmakis or Ioannis Farmakis ( el, Ιωάννης Φαρμάκης) (1772–1821), born in Vlasti,

Macedonia (Greece) Macedonia (; el, Μακεδονία, Makedonía ) is a geographic and former administrative region of Greece, in the southern Balkans. Macedonia is the largest and Greek geographic region, with a population of 2.36 million in 2020. It i ...

, was a

Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group. *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family. **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor ...

revolutionary leader of the Greek War of Independence, active in

Wallachia Wallachia or Walachia (; ro, Țara Românească, lit=The Romanian Land' or 'The Romanian Country, ; archaic: ', Romanian Cyrillic alphabet: ) is a historical and geographical region of Romania. It is situated north of the Lower Danube and s ...

and

Moldavia Moldavia ( ro, Moldova, or , literally "The Country of Moldavia"; in Romanian Cyrillic alphabet, Romanian Cyrillic: or ; chu, Землѧ Молдавскаѧ; el, Ἡγεμονία τῆς Μολδαβίας) is a historical region and for ...

. Initially a commander of the

Princely A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...

guard in

Bucharest Bucharest ( , ; ro, București ) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre. It is located in the southeast of the country, on the banks of the Dâmbovița River, less than north of ...

, Pharmakis joined the Philikí Etaireía movement and became an aide to

Alexander Ypsilantis Alexandros Ypsilantis ( el, Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης, Aléxandros Ypsilántis, ; ro, Alexandru Ipsilanti; russian: Александр Константинович Ипсиланти, Aleksandr Konstantinovich Ipsilanti; 12 Dece ...

, establishing a permanent link with the non-Greek

Oltenia Oltenia (, also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions, with the alternative Latin names ''Wallachia Minor'', ''Wallachia Alutana'', ''Wallachia Caesarea'' between 1718 and 1739) is a historical province and geographical region of Romania ...

n Pandurs led by

Tudor Vladimirescu Tudor Vladimirescu (; c. 1780 – ) was a Romanian revolutionary hero, the leader of the Wallachian uprising of 1821 and of the Pandur militia. He is also known as Tudor din Vladimiri (''Tudor from Vladimiri'') or, occasionally, as Domnul Tudo ...

. He and

Giorgakis Olympios ro, Iordache Olimpiotul , birth_date = 1772 , death_date = , birth_place = Livadi, Larissa, Ottoman Empire , death_place = Neamț, Moldavia , image = Georgakis Olympios Greek Fighter.JPG , image_size = 180 , Nickname = , bir ...

reached an agreement with Tudor in the early months of 1821, but, since the relation between the two factions soured as an effect of

Russian Russian(s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: *Russians (, ''russkiye''), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries *Rossiyane (), Russian language term for all citizens and peo ...

and

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

intervention, the two (joined by

Dimitrie Macedonski Dimitrie Macedonski ( 1780 or 1782–1843) was a Wallachian Pandur captain and revolutionary leader. Life Dimitrie was born in Macedonia, as the son of Stoyan Mincho (Stogiannis Mintsos), a local chieftain. After the Russo-Turkish wars in the ...

) decided to arrest Vladimirescu (who was to be executed on June 7). As the insurgency crumbled under Turkish attacks, Pharmakis retreated to the Secu Monastery in Neamţ county, organising his last stand together with 380 to 500 of his men. Eventually he and his officers surrendered under conditions of general amnesty but the Ottoman troops captured and sent them to

Constantinople la, Constantinopolis ota, قسطنطينيه , alternate_name = Byzantion (earlier Greek name), Nova Roma ("New Rome"), Miklagard/Miklagarth (Old Norse), Tsargrad ( Slavic), Qustantiniya ( Arabic), Basileuousa ("Queen of Cities"), Megalopolis ( ...

, where they were publicly executed in 1821. His sister Agnija, nicknamed Nula, married

Toma Vučić-Perišić Toma or TOMA may refer to: Places *Toma, Burkina Faso, a town in Nayala province *Toma Department, a department in Nayala province * Toma, Banwa, Burkina Faso, a town * Tōma, Hokkaidō, Japan, a town ** Tōma Station, its railway station *Toma, a ...

, a Serbian politician and military leader during the

Serbian Revolution The Serbian Revolution ( sr, Српска револуција / ''Srpska revolucija'') was a national uprising and constitutional change in Serbia that took place between 1804 and 1835, during which this territory evolved from an Ottoman prov ...

Sources

External links

Secu Monastery: Pharmakis' Final Resistance (in Romanian)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pharmakis, Yiannis 1772 births 1821 deaths Greek revolutionaries Greek military leaders of the Greek War of Independence Greek generals Greek torture victims People from Vlasti

See also

Sources

External links