Yann Fouéré (26 July 1910 – 20 October 2011), also known as Seàn Mauger was a

Breton nationalist Breton nationalism (Breton: ''roadelouriezh Brezhoneg'', French: ''nationalisme Breton'') is a form of regional nationalism associated with the region of Brittany in France. The political aspirations of Breton nationalists include the desire ...

and a European federalist. His French birth certificate names him as ''Jean Adolphe Fouéré'', a French name, as the

Third French Republic The French Third Republic (french: Troisième République, sometimes written as ) was the system of government adopted in France from 4 September 1870, when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War, until 10 July 1940 ...

did not allow Breton names.

Life

Fouéré was born in

Aignan, Gers Aignan (; oc, label= Gascon, Anhan ) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions ...

, France. He fled the country after the

Liberation of France The liberation of France in the Second World War was accomplished through diplomacy, politics and the combined military efforts of the Allied Powers of World War II, Allied Powers, Free French forces in London and Africa, as well as the French R ...

in 1945 and took Irish citizenship in the early 1950s. He founded the ''Parti pour l'organisation d'une Bretagne libre'' ("Movement for the Organisation of a Free Brittany"), and was one of the founders of the

Celtic League The Celtic League is a pan-Celtic organisation, founded in 1961, that aims to promote modern Celtic identity and culture in Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man – referred to as the Celtic nations; it places part ...

along with his compatriot

Alan Heusaff Alan Heusaff, also Alan Heussaff (23 July 1921 in Saint-Yvi, Finistère – 3 November 1999 in Galway) was a Breton nationalism, Breton nationalist, linguist, dictionary compiler, prolific journalist and lifetime campaigner for solidarity betwe ...

. He also co-founded the

European Free Alliance The European Free Alliance (EFA) is a European political party that consists of various regionalist, separatist and ethnic minority political parties in Europe. Member parties advocate either for full political independence and sovereignty, ...

Irish Times Family Death Notice
/ref> Fouéré was alleged to have been a collaborator during

World War II World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, but was fully exonerated in 1955 following his voluntary return to France to face trial. He was a member of the Knights of the Sovereign Order of Jerusalem.

Europe of 100 Flags

Fouéré popularized the idea of a "

Europe of 100 Flags Europe of 100 Flags is a concept developed by Breton nationalist Yann Fouéré in his 1968 book, ''L'Europe aux Cent Drapeaux''.Kelly, Mike (ndg"What the French really think about Brexit" University of Southampton website It proposes a redrawing of ...

", in which a federal Europe would not be based on the currently existing nations, but instead on regional polities, the "100 Flags". The continent would "divide to unite" and "decentralize inwardly and federate outwardly." The idea has been adopted by some organizations in the

Identitarian movement The Identitarian movement or Identitarianism is a pan-European nationalism, nationalist, far-right political ideology asserting the right of Ethnic groups in Europe, European ethnic groups and white peoples to Western culture and territories c ...

Family and death

Fouéré's daughter with his wife, Marie-Magdeleine Mauger is Irish actress

Olwen Fouéré Olwen Fouéré (born March 2, 1954) is an Irish actress and writer/director in theatre, film and visual arts. She was born in Galway, Ireland to Breton parents Yann Fouéré and Marie-Magdeleine Mauger. In 2020, she was listed at number 22 on '' ...

. Fouéré died in

Saint-Brieuc Saint-Brieuc (, Breton: ''Sant-Brieg'' , Gallo: ''Saent-Berioec'') is a city in the Côtes-d'Armor department in Brittany in northwestern France. History Saint-Brieuc is named after a Welsh monk Brioc, who Christianised the region in the 6th c ...

Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, Historical region, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known ...

, France at the age of 101.

Works

English * ''Towards a federal Europe'', 1968; French * ''La Bretagne Ecartelée: Essai pour servir à l'histoire de dix ans. 1938-1948''. Paris: Nouvelles éditions latines, 1962 * ''L'Europe aux Cent Drapeaux: Essai Pour Servior a La Construction de l'Europe''. Paris: Presses d'Europe, 1968 * ''En prison pour le FLB Front de Libération de la Bretagne'' Paris: Nouvelles Editions Latines 1977 * ''Histoire résumée du mouvement Breton, du XIXe siècle à nos jours (1800–1976)''. Quimper: Editions Nature et Bretagne, 1977 * ''Ces Droits que les autres ont mais que nous n'avons pas''. Quimper: Editions Nature et Bretagne, 1979 * with Youenn Didro - ''L'Histoire du quotidien La Bretagne et les silences d'Henri Fréville''. Saint-Brieuc: Les Cahiers De L'Avenir de la Bretagne, 1981 * ''Problèmes Bretons du Temps Présent''. Saint-Brieuc: Les Cahiers de l'Avenir, 1983 * ''La Patrie interdite: Histoire d'un Breton''. Editions France Empire, 1987 * ''La maison du connemara: Histoire d'un Breton 2''. Editions Coop Breizh, 1995 * ''Europe ! Nationalité bretonne… Citoyen français?''. Coop Breizh, 2000; Celtics Chadenn, 2003 } * with Thierry Jigourel, Jean Cevaër, et al. - ''Projet de loi portant statut d'autonomie pour la Bretagne''. Saint-Brieuc: Parti pour l'organisation d'une Bretagne libre, 2001

References

External links

Official Fondation Yann Fouéré website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fouere, Yann 1910 births 2011 deaths Irish people of Breton descent Breton nationalists French centenarians Irish centenarians Men centenarians Naturalised citizens of Ireland People from Gers Stateless nationalism in Europe French emigrants to Ireland