In Malay, Yang di-Pertuan Besar, literally ''"He Who Is Made Chief Ruler"'', is a title given to the

head of state A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona who officially embodies a state Foakes, pp. 110–11 " he head of statebeing an embodiment of the State itself or representatitve of its international persona." in its unity and l ...

in segments of the Malay Archipelago.

In Malaysia

# Also known as

Yamtuan Besar Yamtuan, also known officially as Yang di-Pertuan Besar and unofficially as Grand Ruler, is the royal title of the ruler of the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan. The Grand Ruler of Negeri Sembilan is elected by a council of ruling chiefs in th ...

, it is the title of the elected monarch of the state of Negeri Sembilan in

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

. The monarch is himself one of the nine Malay rulers and electors of the federal

Yang di-Pertuan Agong The Yang di-Pertuan Agong (, Jawi: ), also known as the Supreme Head of the Federation, the Paramount Ruler or simply as the Agong, and unofficially as the King of Malaysia, is the constitutional monarch and head of state of Malaysia. The o ...

(High King). # It is a subsidiary title of the Sultan of Kedah, the

Sultan of Kelantan The Sultan of Kelantan () is the constitutional head of Kelantan state in Malaysia. The executive power of the state is vested in him as the monarch of the state. The current sultan, Muhammad V, is the 29th Sultan of Kelantan. He is the Head of ...

, the

Sultan of Perak The Sultan of Perak (سلطان ڤيراق) is one of the oldest hereditary seats among the Malay states. When the Sultanate of Malacca empire fell to Portugal in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Syah I retreated to Kampar, Sumatra, and died there in ...

and the Sultan of Terengganu # Other historical figures, especially the monarchs of the ancient

Johor Johor (; ), also spelled as Johore, is a state of Malaysia in the south of the Malay Peninsula. Johor has land borders with the Malaysian states of Pahang to the north and Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the northwest. Johor shares maritime ...

Empire (circa. 17th-19th century), had the title used to differentiate from the ''"Yang di-Pertuan Muda"'' ("Under King") - who is usually not Malay but Bugis. However, this was a secondary title, the primary title being sultan. # A peculiar occurrence in

Terengganu Terengganu (; Terengganu Malay: ''Tranung'', Jawi: ), formerly spelled Trengganu or Tringganu, is a sultanate and constitutive state of federal Malaysia. The state is also known by its Arabic honorific, ''Dāru l- Īmān'' ("Abode of Faith" ...

history was that, after Sultan Zainal Abidin I died, his youngest son, Sultan Mansur Riayat Shah I was enthroned as Sultan with the title ''Yang di-Pertuan Kecil'' (during his minority), while his oldest son, Ku Tanang Wangsa held the Yang di-Pertuan Besar title equivalent to

Regent A regent (from Latin : ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state '' pro tempore'' (Latin: 'for the time being') because the monarch is a minor, absent, incapacitated or unable to discharge the powers and duties of the monarchy ...

In Indonesia

*In colonial Indonesia, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies was styled: Yang Mulia Sri Paduka Yang Dipertuan Besar. * Secondary title of the Sultans of Asahan (in Sumatra), Sultan of

Riau-Lingga Riau-Lingga Sultanate ( Malay/ Indonesian: کسلطانن رياوليڠݢ, ''Kesultanan Riau-Lingga''), also known as the Lingga-Riau Sultanate, Riau Sultanate or Lingga Sultanate was a Malay sultanate that existed from 1824 to 1911, befor ...

and Sultan of

Siak Sri Indrapura Siak Sri Indrapura ( Jawi: سياق سري ايندراڤورا ) is a town in Riau province of Indonesia and it is the capital (seat) of Siak Regency. It was the place of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura. Climate Siak Sri Indrapura has a ...

(the latter two are located Sumatra, which broke away from the

Empire) * The original title of the

Tuan Besar Tuan may refer to: * Brush-tailed phascogale, an Australian marsupial animal also known as tuan *Zaiyi (1856–1923), Prince Duan (or Prince Tuan), a Qing Dynasty prince and statesman *Duan (surname), a Chinese surname spelled as Tuan in the older ...

of (in the Indonesian province of

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and ea ...

)

References

Noble titles of Indonesia Noble titles of Malaysia Malaysian monarchy Malaysian nobility Royal titles {{Politics-stub