William White, FSA (1825–1900) was a British

architect An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...

, noted for his part in 19th-century

Gothic Revival architecture Gothic Revival (also referred to as Victorian Gothic, neo-Gothic, or Gothick) is an architectural movement that began in the late 1740s in England. The movement gained momentum and expanded in the first half of the 19th century, as increasingly ...

and church restorations. He was the son of a clergyman and great nephew of the writer and naturalist

Gilbert White Gilbert White FRS (18 July 1720 – 26 June 1793) was a " parson-naturalist", a pioneering English naturalist, ecologist, and ornithologist. He is best known for his ''Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne''. Life White was born on ...

of Selborne. After a five-year apprenticeship in

Leamington Spa Royal Leamington Spa, commonly known as Leamington Spa or simply Leamington (), is a spa town and civil parish in Warwickshire, England. Originally a small village called Leamington Priors, it grew into a spa town in the 18th century following ...

he moved to London as an improver in

George Gilbert Scott Sir George Gilbert Scott (13 July 1811 – 27 March 1878), known as Sir Gilbert Scott, was a prolific English Gothic Revival architect, chiefly associated with the design, building and renovation of churches and cathedrals, although he started ...

's practice where he remained for two years before setting up his own practice in Truro in 1847. In 1851 he returned to London and worked out of

Wimpole Street Wimpole Street is a street in Marylebone, central London. Located in the City of Westminster, it is associated with private medical practice and medical associations. No. 1 Wimpole Street is an example of Edwardian baroque architecture, comple ...

. His style was close to that of William Butterfield and he built many churches.

Works

Cornwall

The disused church of St Michael and All Angels, Baldhu - geograph

* St Michael's parish church, Baldhu, (new build), 1848 * Maryfield House, Antony, near Torpoint, (school, house and vicarage), 1848 * Bank and Solicitors Offices, Truro (new commercial premises for the Cornish Bank and solicitors offices), 1849. Now Charlotte's Tea House and Pizza Express. * St Gerrent, Gerrans, (rebuild apart from tower and spire), 1850 *

St Felicitas and St Piala's Church, Phillack St Felicitas and St Piala’s Church, Phillack is a Grade II* listed parish church in the Church of England Diocese of Truro in Phillack, Cornwall, England, UK. History The church dates from the 12th century. The tower is 15th century. It wa ...

1856–1857 * St Philip and St James parish church, Antony, near Torpoint * House at Lower Town, Colan, Mountjoy, ''circa'' 1875 * St Peter's parish church,

Mithian Mithian ( kw, Mydhyan) is a village in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is about six miles (9.6 km) northeast of Redruth and a mile east of St Agnes. Mithian is in the administrative civil parish of St Agnes (which was in the former ...

, near St Agnes, 1861 * Bank House, at St Columb Major, ''circa'' 1857 * House at Denzell, near St Columb Major * The Old Rectory, St Columb Major * Penmellyn House, St Columb Major * Rosemellyn House, St Columb Major, 1871 * St Hilary's parish church, rebuilt on the old foundations in 1855 * Rectory for Canon Reginald Hobhouse at St Ive, 1852–54 * St Moren parish church,

Lamorran Lamorran is a village southeast of Truro in Cornwall, England (). Lamorran lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). Lamorran church was built in the mid-13th century and has never been enlarged. It was dedicated (to ...

, 1845, restoration * St Petroc's parish church,

Little Petherick Little Petherick ( kw, Nansfenten) is a village and civil parish in north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated two miles (3 kilometres) south of Padstow and 6 miles (9 kilometres) west of Wadebridge. As of the 2011 census its populat ...

, 1858 * St Peter's parish church,

, 1861 *

Trewan Hall Trewan Hall (pronounced ''Trew-an'') is a historic manor house in the parish of St Columb Major, Cornwall, England, UK. The surviving Jacobean style manor house is located one mile north of the town. It was the ancestral estate of the Vivian f ...

, alterations and additions, 1870

Devon

The tower of The Holy Trinity Church, Barnstaple - geograph

* Bishop's Court,

Sowton Sowton is a village and civil parish east of Exeter in East Devon, England. It has a population of 639. Its parish council merged with that of nearby Clyst St Mary in 1976 to form Bishop's Clyst. St Michael's church was rebuilt in 1844–4 ...

. This former

bishop A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ...

palace A palace is a grand residence, especially a royal residence, or the home of a head of state or some other high-ranking dignitary, such as a bishop or archbishop. The word is derived from the Latin name palātium, for Palatine Hill in Rome which ...

was remodelled in the 1860s and is considered by

English Heritage English Heritage (officially the English Heritage Trust) is a charity that manages over 400 historic monuments, buildings and places. These include prehistoric sites, medieval castles, Roman forts and country houses. The charity states that i ...

to be one of White's most important domestic buildings; he carefully designed the fittings and much of the furniture, with exceptional attention to detail, specifically for the house. * St Michael's parish church,

Clyst Honiton Clyst Honiton (or Honiton Clyst) is an English village and civil parish five miles from Exeter in the East Devon district, in the county of Devon. The church is St Michael and All Angels. Exeter International Airport which opened in 1938 is locat ...

* St Nicholas & St Giles parish church,

Sidmouth Sidmouth () is a town on the English Channel in Devon, South West England, southeast of Exeter. With a population of 12,569 in 2011, it is a tourist resort and a gateway to the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. A large part of the town h ...

Holy Trinity The Christian doctrine of the Trinity (, from 'threefold') is the central dogma concerning the nature of God in most Christian churches, which defines one God existing in three coequal, coeternal, consubstantial divine persons: God th ...

parish church,

Barnstaple Barnstaple ( or ) is a river-port town in North Devon, England, at the River Taw's lowest crossing point before the Bristol Channel. From the 14th century, it was licensed to export wool and won great wealth. Later it imported Irish wool, bu ...

, 1867 * St Mary's parish church, Upton Pyne, alterations 1874–75 * St Michael and All Angels parish church,

Cadbury, Devon Cadbury is a village in Devon, England. Cadbury Castle is nearby. The 15th-century Church of St Michael and All Angels features a Norman font. The church was restored in 1857 by William White, with Frederick Coleridge serving as its vicar f ...

, restoration in 1857 * St John the Baptist parish church,

Instow Instow is a village in north Devon, England. It is on the estuary where the rivers Taw and Torridge meet, between the villages of Westleigh and Yelland and on the opposite bank to Appledore. There is an electoral ward with the same name. Th ...

, restored 1872–73 * St Peter's parish church,

Shirwell Shirwell is a village, civil parish and former manor in the local government district of North Devon, in the county of Devon, England. It was also formerly the name of a hundred of Devon. The village lies about 3.5 miles north-east of the town ...

, heavily restored 1880s * Holy Trinity parish church, West Down, restored 1874 * Dartington Hall,

South Hams South Hams is a local government district on the south coast of Devon, England. Services divide between those provided by its own Council headquartered in Totnes, and those provided by Devon County Council headquartered in the city of Exeter ...

, remodelled and extended again in about 1860 * Winscott House,

Peters Marland Peters Marland is a small village and civil parish in the local government district of Torridge, Devon, England. The parish, which lies about four miles south of the town of Great Torrington, is surrounded clockwise from the north by the parishe ...

, 1865 for John Curzon Moore-Stevens, Esq. * St Peter's parish church,

, 1865, financed by John Curzon Moore-Stevens, Esq., of Winscott House. Rebuilding of nave and chancel, ancient tower unaltered.

Essex

* St Giles parish church, Great Maplestead * St. Laurence and All Saints Church, Eastwood, restoration, 1873–75

Hampshire

* Christ Church, Freemantle,

Southampton Southampton () is a port city in the ceremonial county of Hampshire in southern England. It is located approximately south-west of London and west of Portsmouth. The city forms part of the South Hampshire built-up area, which also covers Po ...

consecrated Consecration is the solemn dedication to a special purpose or service. The word ''consecration'' literally means "association with the sacred". Persons, places, or things can be consecrated, and the term is used in various ways by different gro ...

1865 * St Mark's parish church, Woolston, consecrated 17 November 1863 * St Mary's parish church, Selborne, restoration in 1856 * St Michael and All Angels church, Lyndhurst, between 1890 and 1892

London

St Mark's, Battersea Rise Church - Diliff

* St Mark's parish church, Battersea Rise, 1872–74 * St Saviour's parish church, Aberdeen Park,

Islington Islington () is a district in the north of Greater London, England, and part of the London Borough of Islington. It is a mainly residential district of Inner London, extending from Islington's High Street to Highbury Fields, encompassing the ...

, 1865-66 * All Saints parish church,

Kensington Kensington is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in the West of Central London. The district's commercial heart is Kensington High Street, running on an east–west axis. The north-east is taken up by Kensington Garden ...

* Forest School Chapel, College Place,

Waltham Forest The London Borough of Waltham Forest () is a London borough in north-east London, England. Its population is estimated to be 276,983 in 2019. It borders five other London boroughs: Enfield to the north-west, Haringey to the west, Hackney to t ...

, built 1857 and enlarged 1875 * St Michael's parish church,

Wandsworth Wandsworth Town () is a district of south London, within the London Borough of Wandsworth southwest of Charing Cross. The area is identified in the London Plan as one of 35 major centres in Greater London. Toponymy Wandsworth takes its nam ...

Common, 1881 * St Dionis Vicarage, 18

Parsons Green Parsons Green is a mainly residential district in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. The Green itself, which is roughly triangular, is bounded on two of its three sides by the New King's Road section of the King's Road, A308 road ...

, Fulham, 1898–99

Oxfordshire

* All Saints parish church, Mollington, restoration, 1856 * St James parish church, Claydon, restoration, 1860 * St Lawrence's parsonage,

Milcombe Milcombe is a village and civil parish about southwest of Banbury, Oxfordshire. Pronounced ''Mill-Comb-Bee''. Milcombe is famous for its village shop. Originally called ‘John’s shop’ or More officially, ‘New Road Stores’ but is now c ...

, 1861–62 * All Saints parish church,

Great Bourton Great Bourton is a village about north of Banbury in Oxfordshire, England. It is the largest settlement in the civil parish of Bourton. The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 614. Church and chapel Church of England The Church ...

, almost completely rebuilt, 1863 * Holy Trinity Vicarage, Finstock, 1864 * St Giles parish church, Wigginton, restoration of chancel and south aisle, 1870 * Belfried gate tower for All Saints parish church, Great Bourton, 1882

Surrey

* St John the Divine parish church,

Felbridge __NOTOC__ Felbridge is a village and civil parish in the Tandridge district of Surrey with a playing field within its focal area, narrowly in West Sussex. Felbridge village forms a contiguous settlement with East Grinstead and had 829 homes a ...

, 1865 * St John's Vicarage, Felbridge

Sussex

* St Mary the Virgin parish church,

Littlehampton Littlehampton is a town, seaside resort, and pleasure harbour, and the most populous civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England. It lies on the English Channel on the eastern bank of the mouth of the River Arun. It is south sout ...

, West Sussex, new chancel and restoration, 1899 * St Peter and St Paul parish church, West Wittering, West Sussex

Wiltshire

* St Michael's church, Axford, 1856 * School and master's house, Chute, 1857–8 (now village hall) * Church of the Holy Saviour,

Westbury Leigh Westbury may refer to: Places United Kingdom * Westbury, Buckinghamshire *Westbury, Shropshire *Westbury, Wiltshire *Westbury-on-Severn, Gloucestershire *Westbury-on-Trym, Bristol * Westbury-sub-Mendip, Somerset United States * Westbury, Conn ...

: nave and chancel 1876–7; south aisle, 1888–9; tower 1899

Other counties of England

* Holy Innocents parish church,

Adisham Adisham (formerly Adesham) is a village and civil parish in the English county of Kent. It is twinned with Campagne-lès-Hesdin in France. Geography The village centre, six miles south-east of Canterbury is on the B2046 road between Wingham ...

, Kent, restoration, 1869 * Quy Hall, Stow-cum-Quy,

Cambridgeshire Cambridgeshire (abbreviated Cambs.) is a county in the East of England, bordering Lincolnshire to the north, Norfolk to the north-east, Suffolk to the east, Essex and Hertfordshire to the south, and Bedfordshire and Northamptonshire to t ...

, rebuilding 1869–71 *St. James and St. John parish church, Derwent, Derbyshire * Holy Trinity parish church, Elvington,

York York is a cathedral city with Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. It is the historic county town of Yorkshire. The city has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a ...

, East Riding of Yorkshire, 1876–77 * Holy Cross & St. Mary's parish church,

Quainton Quainton (formerly Quainton Malet)Plea rolls of the Court of Common Pleas; National Archives; CP 40/647; 7th entry, with "North" in the margin; the defendant, Richard Longe is of Quenton Malet is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, E ...

, Buckinghamshire, 1877 * St Leonard's parish church, Sandridge, Hertfordshire, comprehensive restoration, 1886–87 * Stained glass in Holy Trinity, Touchen End, Berkshire * The Old Vicarage, Irton,

Holmrook Holmrook is a linear village in the English county of Cumbria. It lies along the A595 road on the west banks of the River Irt. The B5344 road connects it to Drigg, with its railway station less than two miles to the west. Two miles north ...

, Cumbria, 1864

Ireland

Humewood Castle Humewood Castle is a Gothic-fantasy mansion built in 1870 in 427 acres of parkland at Kiltegan, County Wicklow in the Republic of Ireland. The mansion was originally built as a private residence of the Hume family. It is currently owned by Ame ...

Wicklow Mountains The Wicklow Mountains (, archaic: ''Cualu'') form the largest continuous upland area in the Republic of Ireland. They occupy the whole centre of County Wicklow and stretch outside its borders into the counties of Dublin, Wexford and Carlow ...

Ireland Ireland ( ; ga, Éire ; Ulster-Scots: ) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the s ...

South Africa

* St, Batholomew's Church,

Grahamstown Makhanda, also known as Grahamstown, is a town of about 140,000 people in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated about northeast of Port Elizabeth and southwest of East London. Makhanda is the largest town in the Makana ...

* Armstrong House, St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown * Espin House, St. Andrew's College, Grahamstown

Madagascar

* St. Lawrence Anglican Cathedral Ambohimanoro, Antananarivo

White's contemporaries in the Gothic Revival

* James Brooks *

Richard Cromwell Carpenter Richard Cromwell Carpenter (21 October 1812 – 27 March 1855) was an English architect. He is chiefly remembered as an ecclesiastical and tractarian architect working in the Gothic style. Family Carpenter was born on 21 October 1812 i ...

* John Loughborough Pearson * Benjamin Mountfort *

James Piers St Aubyn James Piers St Aubyn (6 April 1815 – 8 May 1895), often referred to as J P St Aubyn, was an English architect of the Victorian era, known for his church architecture and confident restorations. Early life St Aubyn was born at Powick Vicarag ...

George Edmund Street George Edmund Street (20 June 1824 – 18 December 1881), also known as G. E. Street, was an English architect, born at Woodford in Essex. Stylistically, Street was a leading practitioner of the Victorian Gothic Revival. Though mainly an eccle ...

* Henry Woodyer

Notes and references

* * * * * * * * *

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:White, William 1825 births 1900 deaths 19th-century English architects English ecclesiastical architects Gothic Revival architects Architects from Warwickshire