Waziyatawin
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Waziyatawin is a
Dakota Dakota may refer to: * Dakota people, a sub-tribe of the Sioux ** Dakota language, their language Dakota may also refer to: Places United States * Dakota, Georgia, an unincorporated community * Dakota, Illinois, a town * Dakota, Minnesota, ...
professor, author, and activist from the Pezihutazizi Otunwe (Yellow Medicine Village) in southwestern
Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...
. Waziyatawin's research interests include Indigenous women's roles in resisting
colonialism Colonialism is a practice or policy of control by one people or power over other people or areas, often by establishing colony, colonies and generally with the aim of economic dominance. In the process of colonisation, colonisers may impose the ...
, recovering Indigenous knowledge, and truth-telling as part of restorative justice. She has authored and edited several books about Dakota history, Indigenous resistance, and strategies for
decolonization Decolonization or decolonisation is the undoing of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories, often overseas. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on separatism, in ...
. Waziyatawin is recognized as a leading Indigenous intellectual and was a
Canada Research Chair Canada Research Chair (CRC) is a title given to certain Canadian university research professors by the Canada Research Chairs Program. Program goals The Canada Research Chair program was established in 2000 as a part of the Government of Canada ...
in
Indigenous Peoples Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...
in the Indigenous Governance Program at the
University of Victoria The University of Victoria (UVic or Victoria) is a public research university located in the municipalities of Oak Bay and Saanich, British Columbia, Canada. The university traces its roots to Victoria College, the first post-secondary insti ...
. She taught at Arizona State University from 2000 to 2007.


Early life and education

Angela Lynn Cavender was born on February 13, 1968, in
Virginia, Minnesota Virginia is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States, on the Mesabi Iron Range. With an economy heavily reliant on large-scale iron ore mining, Virginia is considered the Mesabi Range's commercial center. The population was 8,423 ...
to Chris Mato Nunpa, a former professor of Indigenous Nations & Dakota Studies at
Southwest Minnesota State University Southwest Minnesota State University (SMSU) is a public university in Marshall, Minnesota. It is part of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System. The university has an enrollment of approximately 8,700 students and employs 148 fa ...
, and Edith Brown Travers, a social service director. She grew up both on and off the
Upper Sioux Indian Reservation The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation, or Pezihutazizi in Dakota, is the reservation of the Upper Sioux Community, a federally recognized tribe of the Dakota people, that includes the Mdewakanton. The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation is located in M ...
. Waziyatawin earned a double major in
history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...
and American Indian studies at the
University of Minnesota The University of Minnesota, formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, (UMN Twin Cities, the U of M, or Minnesota) is a public land-grant research university in the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. ...
in 1992, then completed master's (1996) and doctoral degrees (2000) in history at
Cornell University Cornell University is a private statutory land-grant research university based in Ithaca, New York. It is a member of the Ivy League. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, Cornell was founded with the intention to tea ...
. Her Ph.D thesis was based on an oral history project with her grandfather that she later published as ''Remember This! Dakota Decolonization and the Eli Taylor Narratives''.


Academic career

Waziyatawin earned tenure at Arizona State University and taught there until 2007. She edited her first book, ''Indigenizing the Academy: Transforming Scholarship and Empowering Communities'', in 2004 with Devon Abbott Mihesuah. In 2005, she edited ''For Indigenous Eyes Only: A Decolonization Handbook'' with Michael Yellow Bird. The book compiles essays from eight indigenous American academics. In 2008, she joined the Indigenous Governance Program at the University of Victoria as a
Canada Research Chair Canada Research Chair (CRC) is a title given to certain Canadian university research professors by the Canada Research Chairs Program. Program goals The Canada Research Chair program was established in 2000 as a part of the Government of Canada ...
in
Indigenous Peoples Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...
, saying she was interested in the program's commitment to Indigenous liberation and social action. Waziyatawin is recognized as a leading Indigenous intellectual. Her research interests include Indigenous women's roles in resisting
colonialism Colonialism is a practice or policy of control by one people or power over other people or areas, often by establishing colony, colonies and generally with the aim of economic dominance. In the process of colonisation, colonisers may impose the ...
, recovering Indigenous knowledge, and truth-telling as part of restorative justice. Waziyatawin is the author or editor of six books about Dakota history, Indigenous resistance, and decolonizing strategies. She founded Oyate Nipi Kte, a non-profit organization dedicated to "the recovery of Dakota traditional knowledge, sustainable ways of being, and Dakota liberation."


Activism

As an activist, Waziyatawin gained public attention in 2007 when she was arrested multiple times while protesting Minnesota's sesquicentennial celebration. The protests aimed to raise awareness of broken treaties and colonial violence, including the hanging of 38 Dakota men during the
Dakota War of 1862 The Dakota War of 1862, also known as the Sioux Uprising, the Dakota Uprising, the Sioux Outbreak of 1862, the Dakota Conflict, the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862, or Little Crow's War, was an armed conflict between the United States and several ban ...
(the largest mass execution in American history). In 2010, the ''Winona Post'' published a letter from a student who had attended a lecture Waziyatawin had given at
Winona State University Winona State University (Winona) is a public university in Winona, Minnesota. It was founded as First State Normal School of Minnesota in 1858 and is the oldest member of the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System. It was the first no ...
. The student said Waziyatawin had incited violence against white people, calling her position "
terrorism Terrorism, in its broadest sense, is the use of criminal violence to provoke a state of terror or fear, mostly with the intention to achieve political or religious aims. The term is used in this regard primarily to refer to intentional violen ...
". In response, she told CBC News, "my position is that I don't call for violence outright but my recommendation does not preclude the use of violence for indigenous self-defence — the defence of our populations or defence of our land base... Never have I advocated violence against white settlers." Waziyatawin said she was subsequently contacted by the
FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...
, but they later closed the case. Waziyatawin has drawn connections between the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict Israelis ( he, יִשְׂרָאֵלִים‎, translit=Yīśrāʾēlīm; ar, الإسرائيليين, translit=al-ʾIsrāʾīliyyin) are the citizens and nationals of the State of Israel. The country's populace is composed primarily of Jew ...
and
settler colonialism Settler colonialism is a structure that perpetuates the elimination of Indigenous people and cultures to replace them with a settler society. Some, but not all, scholars argue that settler colonialism is inherently genocidal. It may be enacted ...
in North America. In 2011, she travelled to Palestine with a group of Indigenous and women of color scholars and artists including
Angela Davis Angela Yvonne Davis (born January 26, 1944) is an American political activist, philosopher, academic, scholar, and author. She is a professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz. A feminist and a Marxist, Davis was a longtime member of ...
,
Chandra Talpade Mohanty Chandra Talpade Mohanty (born 1955) is a Distinguished Professor of Women's and Gender Studies, Sociology, and the Cultural Foundations of Education and Dean's Professor of the Humanities at Syracuse University. Mohanty, a postcolonial and tr ...
, and
Ayoka Chenzira Ayoka ("Ayo") Chenzira (born November 8, 1953) is an independent African-American producer, Film director, television director, animator, writer, experimental filmmaker, and transmedia storyteller. She is the first African American woman animat ...
. Afterwards, the group published a statement endorsing the
Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) is a Palestinian-led movement promoting boycotts, divestments, and economic sanctions against Israel. Its objective is to pressure Israel to meet what the BDS movement describes as Israel's obligations ...
(BDS) movement.


Personal life

Waziyatawin is Wahpetunwan Dakota from Pezihutazizi Otunwe (Yellow Medicine Village). She married Scott Wilson in 1992. In 1998, Waziyatawin's eight-year-old daughter came home crying after her teacher had read
Laura Ingalls Wilder Laura Elizabeth Ingalls Wilder (February 7, 1867 – February 10, 1957) was an American writer, mostly known for the '' Little House on the Prairie'' series of children's books, published between 1932 and 1943, which were based on her childhood ...
's ''
Little House on the Prairie The ''Little House on the Prairie'' books is a series of American children's novels written by Laura Ingalls Wilder (b. Laura Elizabeth Ingalls). The stories are based on her childhood and adolescence in the American Midwest (Wisconsin, Kansas, ...
'' in her elementary school class. Wilder portrays Native Americans as less than human, employing negative stereotypes. In the book, a character says "The only good Indian is a dead Indian." After the incident, Waziyatawin spent months trying to convince the school to drop Wilder's books from the curriculum but was unsuccessful. In 2007, she legally changed her name from Angela Cavender Wilson to Waziyatawin, a name an elder gave her as a child and which means "woman of the north". She splits her time between
Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...
and
Victoria, British Columbia Victoria is the capital city of the Canadian province of British Columbia, on the southern tip of Vancouver Island off Canada's Pacific coast. The city has a population of 91,867, and the Greater Victoria area has a population of 397,237. The ...
in
Coast Salish The Coast Salish is a group of ethnically and linguistically related Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, living in the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. states of Washington and Oregon. They speak one of the Coa ...
territories.


Bibliography

* ''Indigenizing the Academy: Transforming Scholarship and Empowering Communities'', Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004. * ''For Indigenous Eyes Only: A Decolonization Handbook'', Santa Fe: School for Advanced Research Press, 2005. * ''Remember This! Dakota Decolonization and the Eli Taylor Narratives'', Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2005. * ''In the Footsteps of Our Ancestors: The Dakota Commemorative Marches of the 21st Century'', St. Paul: Living Justice Press, 2006. * ''What Does Justice Look Like? The Struggle for Liberation in Dakota Homeland'', St. Paul: Living Justice Press, 2008.


References


External links


Oyate Nipi Kte
{{DEFAULTSORT:Waziyatawin Academic staff of the University of Victoria Cornell University alumni Dakota people Native American academics Native American women academics American women academics Living people Canada Research Chairs Native American activists 1968 births Academics from Minnesota Activists from Minnesota People from Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota 21st-century Native American women 21st-century Native Americans 21st-century American women educators 21st-century American educators