Vulpes skinneri on:
[Wikipedia]
[Google]
[Amazon]
''Vulpes skinneri'' is a species of extinct fox in the genus ''Vulpes'' from the early Pleistocene, identified based on fossil remains dated to about 2 million years ago. The species is known from a single partial skeleton discovered in the Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind, Malapa Fossil Site at the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site in South Africa and is associated with the fossil hominin remains of ''Australopithecus sediba''. The fossils have been dated to between 1.977 and 1.980 million years ago. Hartstone-Rose and colleagues described the remains as a newly discovered species of fox, which they named ''skinneri'' after the African mammalogist John Skinner.
The type specimen of ''V. skinneri'' was discovered during preparation of fossil bearing blocks from Malapa. The find was announced to the public on January 16, 2013.
Also found at the Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind, Malapa archeological site were a variety of animal fossils, including saber-toothed cats, mongooses, and antelopes. Berger and geologist Paul Dirks speculated that the animals might have fallen into a deep, "death-trap", perhaps lured by the scent of water. The bodies may have then been swept into a pool of water rich with lime, and with sand at the bottom, making it possible for the remains to become fossilized.
Three associated small canid specimens (an M2, a rib and a posterior mandibular fragment including the P4, M1, coronoid, condylar and angular processes) that were originally attributed to ''Vulpes'' cf. ''V. chama'' are reassigned to ''V. skinneri''. In the paper describing the new specimens, the authors argue that “we compare these specimens to a broad sample of modern and fossil foxes and conclude that these specimens are distinct enough to be referred to a new species” of the early Pleistocene, identified based on fossil remains dated to about 2 million years ago.
Discovery
The type specimen of ''V. skinneri'' was discovered during preparation of fossil bearing blocks from Malapa. The find was announced to the public on January 16, 2013.
Also found at the Malapa Fossil Site, Cradle of Humankind, Malapa archeological site were a variety of animal fossils, including saber-toothed cats, mongooses, and antelopes. Berger and geologist Paul Dirks speculated that the animals might have fallen into a deep, "death-trap", perhaps lured by the scent of water. The bodies may have then been swept into a pool of water rich with lime, and with sand at the bottom, making it possible for the remains to become fossilized.
Age estimates
The fossil was dated using a combination of Archaeomagnetic dating, palaeomagnetism and Uranium-lead dating, uranium-lead (U-Pb) dating which showed that the fossils are not older than ~2.0 Ma. The occurrence of species of animal that became extinct at ~1.5 Ma indicate the deposit is not younger than 1.5 Ma. The sediments have a 'normal' magnetic polarity and the only major period between 2.0 and 1.5 Ma when this occurred is the Olduvai sub-Chron between 1.95 and 1.78 Ma. As such, the fossils were originally dated to ~1.95 Ma. Recent dating of a capping flowstone illustrated this was not possible and the normal magnetic polarity sediments have since been correlated to the 3000-year-long Pre-Olduvai event at ~1.977 Ma.Morphology and interpretations
Three associated small canid specimens (an M2, a rib and a posterior mandibular fragment including the P4, M1, coronoid, condylar and angular processes) that were originally attributed to ''Vulpes'' cf. ''V. chama'' are reassigned to ''V. skinneri''. In the paper describing the new specimens, the authors argue that “we compare these specimens to a broad sample of modern and fossil foxes and conclude that these specimens are distinct enough to be referred to a new species” of the early Pleistocene, identified based on fossil remains dated to about 2 million years ago.
References
External links
* * * Free images and resources about "''Australopithecus sediba''" for educators and students] {{Taxonbar, from=Q5102561 Vulpes, ↑skinneri Prehistoric canines Pleistocene carnivorans Pleistocene mammals of Africa Fossils of South Africa Fossil taxa described in 2013