Vostok (Russian: Восток, translated as "East") was a family of rockets derived from the Soviet R-7 Semyorka
R-7 Semyorka ICBM
ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme. This family of rockets launched the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1) and the first manned spacecraft (Vostok) in human history. It was a subset of the R-7 family of rockets. On March 18, 1980 a Vostok-2M
Vostok-2M rocket exploded on its launch pad at Plesetsk during a fueling operation, killing 48 people. An investigation into a similar – but avoided – accident revealed that the substitution of lead-based for tin-based solder in hydrogen peroxide filters allowed the breakdown of the H2O2, thus causing the resultant explosion.

Contents

1 Variants

1.1 Vostok 8K72K

2 Gallery 3 See also

Variants[edit] The major versions of the rocket were:

Luna 8K72 - used to launch the early Luna spacecraft Vostok-L
Vostok-L 8K72 - Variant of the Luna, used to launch prototype Vostok spacecraft Vostok-K
Vostok-K 8K72K - a refined version of the above. This was the version actually used for human spaceflight Vostok-2 8A92 - used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites throughout the 1960s Vostok-2M
Vostok-2M 8A92M - modified version for launching Meteor weather satellites into higher orbits. Soyuz/Vostok
Soyuz/Vostok 11A110 - hybrid of Soyuz and Vostok rockets used as an interim for two launches

Vostok 8K72K[edit]

First Stage — Block B, V, G, D (four strap-on boosters)

Gross mass: 43,300 kg Empty mass: 3,710 kg Thrust (vac): 4 x 99,000 kgf (971 kN) = 3.88 MN Isp: 313 seconds (3.07 km/s) Burn time: 118 s Isp(sl): 256 seconds (2.51 km/s) Diameter: 2.68 m Span: 8.35 m Length: 19.00 m Propellants: Lox/Kerosene Engines: 1 x RD-107-8D74-1959 per booster = 4

Second Stage — Block A (core stage)

Gross mass: 100,400 kg Empty mass: 6,800 kg Thrust (vac): 912 kN Isp: 315 seconds (3.09 km/s) Burn time: 301 s Isp(sl): 248 seconds (2.43 km/s) Diameter: 2.99 m Length: 28.00 m Propellants: Lox/Kerosene Engine: 1 x RD-108-8D75-1959

Third Stage — Block E

Gross mass: 7,775 kg Empty mass: 1,440 kg Thrust (vac): 54.5 kN Isp: 326 seconds (3.20 km/s) Burn time: 365 s Diameter: 2.56 m Span: 2.56 m Length: 2.84 m Propellants: Lox/Kerosene Engine: 1 x RD-0109

Gallery[edit]

Vostok rocket

Vostok rocket

See also[edit]

Spaceflight portal Soviet Union
Soviet Union portal

Vostok 1 Vostok programme Vostok spacecraft

v t e

Soviet, Russian, and Ukrainian launch vehicles

Active

Angara

1.2 A5

R-7

FG Soyuz-2

2.1a 2.1b 2-1v

UR

Proton-M Rokot Strela

Zenit

3SL 3SLB 3F

In development

Angara

A5P

Cyclone-4M Mayak

L1 L2 M1 M2 H3 H5

Proton

Light Medium

Soyuz-5 Soyuz-7

Retired

Dnepr Energia Kosmos

1 2I 3 3M

N1 Proton

UR-500 Proton-K

R-7

Luna Molniya

M L

Polyot Soyuz

original L M U U2

Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok

L K 2 2M

R-29

Shtil' Volna

Start-1 Tsyklon

2 3 4

Zenit

2 2M

v t e

Orbital launch systems

Current

Spaceflight portal

Angara

A5

Antares 230 Ariane 5 Atlas V Delta

II IV

Electron Epsilon Falcon 9

v1.2 "Full Thrust"

Falcon Heavy GSLV

Mk II Mk III

H-IIA H-IIB Kuaizhou

1 1A

Long March

2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 6 7 11

Minotaur

I IV V C

Pegasus Proton-M PSLV Rokot Safir Shavit Simorgh Soyuz-FG Soyuz-2

2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v

SPARK SS-520 Strela Unha Vega Zenit

3SL 3SLB 3F

In development

Angara

1.2 A5P

Antares 300 Ariane 6 Arion 2 BFR Cyclone-4M Eris Falcon 9
Falcon 9 Block 5 Firefly Alpha H3 Haas 2CA Kuaizhou

11 21 31

LandSpace-1 Long March

8 9

LauncherOne Mayak Naga-L Naro-2 New Glenn New Line 1 NGL Oril (uk) Proton

Light Medium

RPS SLS Soyuz-5 Soyuz-7 Tronador II ULV Vector-R Vector-H VLM Vulcan Xinshi-1 Yun Feng

Retired

Antares 110/120/130 Ariane

1 2 3 4

ASLV Athena

I II

Atlas

B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able Agena Centaur

Black Arrow Conestoga Delta

A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 III

Diamant Dnepr Energia Europa Falcon 1 Falcon 9

v1.0 v1.1

Feng Bao 1 GSLV

Mk I

H-I H-II Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos

1 2I 3 3M

Lambda 4S Long March

1 2A 2E 3 3B 4A

Mu

4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V

N1 N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan Pilot Proton

UR-500 K

R-7

Luna Molniya

M L

Polyot Soyuz

original L M U U2

Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok

L K 2 2M

R-29

Shtil' Volna

Saturn

I IB V INT-21

Scout SLV Space Shuttle Sparta Start-1 Thor

Able Ablestar Agena Burner Delta DSV-2U

Thorad-Agena Titan

II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV

Tsyklon

2 3 4

Vanguard VLS-1 Zenit

2 2M

List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems

v t e

R-7 rockets

Main articles

R-7 family R-7 Semyorka

Rockets

Missiles

R-7 Semyorka R-7A Semyorka

Launch systems

Sputnik Polyot Voskhod

Vostok

Luna Vostok-L Vostok-K Vostok-2 Vostok-2M

Molniya

Molniya Molniya-M Molniya-L

Soyuz

Soyuz/Vostok Soyuz Soyuz-L Soyuz-M Soyuz-U Soyuz-U2 Soyuz-FG

Soyuz-2

Soyuz 2.1a / STA Soyuz 2.1b / STB Soyuz 2-1v

Launch sites

Baikonur

Site 1/5 Site 31/6

Plesetsk

Site 41/1 Site 16/2 Site 43/3 Site 43/4

Kourou

Ensemble de Lancement Soyouz

Vostochny

Site 1S

Launches

1957–1959 1960–1964 1965–1969 1970–1974 1975–1979 1980–1984 1985–1989 1990–1994 1995–1999 2000–2004 2005–2009 2010–2014 2015–2019

See also

Korolyov Cross Soyuz at the Guiana Space Centre RD-