The voiceless alveolar trill differs from the
voiced alveolar trill
The voiced alveolar trill is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents dental, alveolar, and postalveolar trills is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is r. I ...
only by the vibrations of the vocal cord. It occurs in a few languages, usually alongside the voiced version, as a similar phoneme or an allophone.
Proto-Indo-European developed into a sound spelled , with the letter for and the diacritic for , in
Ancient Greek. It was probably a voiceless alveolar trill and became the regular word-initial allophone of in standard
Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek language, Greek dialect of the regions of ancient Greece, ancient region of Attica, including the ''polis'' of classical Athens, Athens. Often called classical Greek, it was the prestige (sociolinguistics), prestige diale ...
that has disappeared in
Modern Greek.
*PIE > Ancient Greek ῥέω "flow", possibly
Features
Features of the voiceless alveolar trill:
*Its
place of articulation is
dental,
alveolar Alveolus (; pl. alveoli, adj. alveolar) is a general anatomical term for a concave cavity or pit.
Uses in anatomy and zoology
* Pulmonary alveolus, an air sac in the lungs
** Alveolar cell or pneumocyte
** Alveolar duct
** Alveolar macrophage
* ...
or
post-alveolar, which means it is articulated behind upper front teeth, at the
alveolar ridge or behind the alveolar ridge. It is most often
apical, which means that it is pronounced with the tip of the tongue.
Occurrence
;Alveolar
Voiceless alveolar fricative trill
The voiceless alveolar fricative trill is not known to occur as a phoneme in any language, except possibly the East Sakhalin dialect of Nivkh. It occurs allophonically in Czech.
Features
Features of the voiceless alveolar fricative trill:
*Its
manner of articulation
In articulatory phonetics, the manner of articulation is the configuration and interaction of the articulators (speech organs such as the tongue, lips, and palate) when making a speech sound. One parameter of manner is ''stricture,'' that is, h ...
is fricative trill, which means it is a non-sibilant fricative and a trill pronounced simultaneously.
*Its
place of articulation is
laminal
A laminal consonant is a phone (speech sound) produced by obstructing the air passage with the blade of the tongue, the flat top front surface just behind the tip of the tongue in contact
with upper lip, teeth, alveolar ridge, to possibly, as ...
alveolar Alveolus (; pl. alveoli, adj. alveolar) is a general anatomical term for a concave cavity or pit.
Uses in anatomy and zoology
* Pulmonary alveolus, an air sac in the lungs
** Alveolar cell or pneumocyte
** Alveolar duct
** Alveolar macrophage
* ...
, which means it is articulated with the blade of the tongue at the
alveolar ridge,
Occurrence
See also
*
Index of phonetics articles
A
* Acoustic phonetics
* Active articulator
* Affricate
* Airstream mechanism
* Alexander John Ellis
* Alexander Melville Bell
* Alfred C. Gimson
* Allophone
* Alveolar approximant ()
* Alveolar click ()
* Alveolar consonant
* Alveolar ejecti ...
Notes
References
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External links
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Alveolar Trill
Alveolar consonants
Trill consonants
Pulmonic consonants
Voiceless oral consonants
Central consonants