Vargem Grande do Sul (Portuguese for "Southern Great Lowland") is a municipality in the northeast of the state of

São Paulo São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

. The population is 43,110 (2020 est.) in an area of 267 km². The elevation is 721 m. Access through state roads SP-344 and SP-215.

Human Development Index The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistic composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, whi ...

is 0.802.

History

Vargem Grande do Sul roots lie in a little

hamlet ''The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark'', often shortened to ''Hamlet'' (), is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare sometime between 1599 and 1601. It is Shakespeare's longest play, with 29,551 words. Set in Denmark, the play depicts ...

in the way of a "Bandeirante" route ("Bandeirante" routes were those used by the first explorers of the country's interior in the 17th century, known as

Bandeirantes The ''Bandeirantes'' (), literally "flag-carriers", were slavers, explorers, adventurers, and fortune hunters in early Colonial Brazil. They are largely responsible for Brazil's great expansion westward, far beyond the Tordesillas Line of 1494 ...

, who composed colonial scouts known as the "Bandeiras"). This hamlet was first noted in 1832 and called "Várzea Grande". In 1888 the district ''Vargem Grande'' was created within the municipality

São João da Boa Vista São João da Boa Vista (; "Saint John of the Good View" in English) is a municipality in the state of São Paulo (state), São Paulo, Brazil. The population in 2020 was 91,771 and the area is . The elevation is . The foundation history The city ...

. The independent municipality ''Vargem Grande'' was established in 1922. Its name was changed into ''Vargem Grande do Sul'' in 1944.IBGE
history It was by the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century the arrival of the first immigrants that eventually replaced slaves in coffee farms when slavery was abolished. European immigrants would quickly increase in noticeable numbers in the municipality and the state of São Paulo so that they became the majority population.

Geography

Vargem Grande do Sul is located in the northeast of the state of

, in a region known as the Mogiana. In the rural surroundings of the municipality coffee was traditionally produced, although it has currently given place mostly to potato farms. The population in 2004 was 39,047 and the area is 267.26 km². The elevation is 721 m. Summer is usually warm and winter dry. Temperature ranges from 35 to 10 degrees Celsius, and average is 27. Rivers "Jaguari-Mirim", "Verde" and "Fartura" cross the municipality's territory.

Population

Most of Vargem Grande do Sul's inhabitants descend from European immigrants, especially from Italy. Italian family dominate the register of the municipality. Significant families include the Baizi, the Bassi, the Beloni, the Bortoloto, the Buzato, the Canal, the Coracini, the Cossi, the Filipini, the Longuini, the Lupetti, the Marquesini, the Menossi, the Molinari, the Nardini, the Pratali, the Pecinato, the Rocchetto, the Sartori and the Sbardelini. At the beginning of the 20th century, some of those families, and others, founded the mutual aid "Società de Mutuo Socorso" to help members, offering among other services free health care and coffins. The organization continues to hold dinners and dances. At the time of the

Second World War World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...

, the Brazilian government prohibited the use of enemy languages in the country, such as Italian and German spoken so widely at the time, so it was renamed " Sociedade Beneficente Brasileira". The change was imposed on many institutions and associations throughout Brazil; state capital football team Società Esportiva Palestra Italia became

Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras (), commonly known as Palmeiras, is a Brazilian professional football club based in the city of São Paulo, in the district of Perdizes. Palmeiras is one of the most popular clubs in South America, with around ...

. The municipality's population has historically middle class, showed little social segregation and has a peaceful profile.

Dialect

Specially in the 19th century,

Brazilian Portuguese Brazilian Portuguese (' ), also Portuguese of Brazil (', ) or South American Portuguese (') is the set of varieties of the Portuguese language native to Brazil and the most influential form of Portuguese worldwide. It is spoken by almost all of ...

was highly influenced by the many European immigrants who settled in Brazil's many regions and states, specially in central and southern Brazil. In the

, people were prohibited to speak their mother languages and had to learn and start using Portuguese quickly. That explains the different dialects verified throughout the country. Vargem Grande do Sul's dialect has been identified as a variation of the "Southern Dialect", spoken in a large

isogloss An isogloss, also called a heterogloss (see Etymology below), is the geographic boundary of a certain linguistic feature, such as the pronunciation of a vowel, the meaning of a word, or the use of some morphological or syntactic feature. Major d ...

, by Antenor Nascentes in 1922, and more specifically as a variation of the "

Caipira dialect ''Caipira'' (; Old Tupi: or ''kaa-pira'', which means "''bush cutter''") is a Portuguese dialect spoken in the rural areas of the State of São Paulo and adjacent parts of neighbouring Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Minas Gerais, and Paraná. Hi ...

" by Amadeu Amaral in 1976. Municipality's vocabulary includes words and expressions that are typical of the Mogiana region (e.g. "posar" instead of "dormir") and Italian or Italian-derived words and expressions (e.g. "fetta" or "feta" instead of "pedaço").

Religion

Vargem Grande do Sul's population is mainly Catholic. As regards to the

Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

, the municipality belongs to the Diocese of São João da Boa Vista. Founded by Dom Lino Deodato Rodrigues de Carvalho in 1891, Paróquia Sant'Ana (Sant'Ana Parish) is the 10th biggest in the region.

References

External links

Página da prefeitura

VargemBaladas

Projeto Atlas Linguístico

A Língua Portuguesa
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vargem Grande Sul Municipalities in São Paulo (state)