Universal Music

(i)

Universal Music Group

Universal Music Group (also known in the United States

United States as UMG Recordings, Inc. and abbreviated as UMG) is an American global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMG's global corporate headquarters are located in Santa Monica, California. It is considered one of the "Big Three" record labels, along with Sony Music

Sony Music and Warner Music Group.

Contents

1 History

1.1 Early history 1.2 Vivendi
Vivendi subsidiary 1.3 2010s and EMI
EMI purchase 1.4 2012–present: EMI
EMI integration and divisions reorganization

2 Labels 3 Multimedia content delivery 4 Locations

4.1 Los Angeles metropolitan area

4.1.1 Santa Monica 4.1.2 Hollywood 4.1.3 Universal City

4.2 New York City 4.3 London 4.4 Berlin 4.5 Warsaw 4.6 Other locations

5 See also 6 References 7 External links

History For history prior to 1996, see MCA Records Early history Universal Music was once the record company attached to film studio Universal Pictures. The company's origins go back to the formation of the American branch of Decca Records
Decca Records in September 1934.[1][2] The Decca Record Co. Ltd. of England spun American Decca off in 1939.[3] MCA Inc.
MCA Inc. merged with American Decca in 1962. In November 1990, Japanese multinational conglomerate Matsushita Electric agreed to acquire MCA for US$6.59 billion.[4][5] In 1995, Seagram acquired 80% of MCA from Matsushita.[6][7] On December 9, 1996, the company was renamed Universal Studios, Inc.,[8] and its music division was renamed Universal Music Group; MCA Records continued as a label within the Universal Music Group. In May 1998, Seagram purchased PolyGram
PolyGram and merged it with Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group in early 1999. Between 1995 and 2000, music companies were found to have artificially inflated compact disc prices through the use of illegal marketing practices such as minimum advertised pricing, doing so in order to end price wars that began in the early 1990s by discounters such as Best Buy and Target.[9] A settlement in 2002 included the music publishers and distributors; Sony
Sony Music, Warner Music, Bertelsmann Music Group, EMI
EMI Music and Universal Music Group. In restitution for price fixing they agreed to pay a $67.4 million fine and distribute $75.7 million in CDs to public and non-profit groups but admitted no wrongdoing.[10] It is estimated suppliers/customers were overcharged by nearly $500 million and up to $5 per album which conflicts with proof of sale and purchase interests.[9] Vivendi
Vivendi subsidiary With the 2004 acquisition of Universal Studios
Universal Studios by General Electric
General Electric and merging with GE's NBC, Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group was cast under separate management from the eponymous film studio. This is the second time a music company has done so, the first being the separation of Time Warner and Warner Music Group. In February 2006, the label became 100% owned by French media conglomerate Vivendi
Vivendi when Vivendi
Vivendi purchased the last 20% from Matsushita. On June 25, 2007, Vivendi
Vivendi completed its €1.63 billion ($2.4 billion) purchase of BMG Music Publishing, after receiving European Union regulatory approval, having announced the acquisition on September 6, 2006.[11][12] In May 2007, UMG was accused of abusing the Digital Millennium Copyright Act in order to quell criticism, by forcing YouTube
YouTube to remove several videos which contained UMG's music. Eventually, UMG retracted its claims after being challenged by the Electronic Frontier Foundation.[13] In the same year, UMG was accused of using the Digital Millennium Copyright Act to indiscriminately remove content related to the artist Prince, most notably a twenty-nine-second home video in which a child danced to one of Prince's songs.[14] In April 2016, UMG had the audio muted of a video clip showing Katherine Jenkins
Katherine Jenkins singing the British national anthem. They claimed that "God Save the Queen" was a copyrighted song, and YouTube
YouTube initially complied with this request, but later allowed the video to be viewed with the original audio track.[15] In May 2006, an investigation led by then New York Attorney General, Eliot Spitzer, concluded with a determination that Universal Music Group bribed radio stations to play songs from Ashlee Simpson, Brian McKnight, Big Tymers, Nick Lachey, Lindsay Lohan
Lindsay Lohan and other performers under Universal labels. The company paid $12 million to the state in settlement.[16] In December 2007, UMG announced a deal with Imeem which allows users of the social network to listen to any track from Universal's catalogue for free with a portion of the advertising generated by the music being shared with the record label.[17] Two weeks after the deal was announced Michael Robertson speculated on the secret terms of the deal and argued that ultimately this was a bad deal for imeem. This speculation lead to a flame war on the Pho digital media email list as imeem representatives denied his claims and dismissed his theories as unfounded.[18] All traffic was redirected to MySpace after the company acquired Imeem on December 8, 2009. 2010s and EMI
EMI purchase Doug Morris
Doug Morris stepped down from his position as CEO on January 1, 2011. Former chairman/CEO of Universal Music International Lucian Grainge was promoted to CEO of the company. Grainge later replaced him as chairman on March 9, 2011.[19] Morris became the next chairman of Sony Music Entertainment on July 1, 2011.[20] With Grainge's appointment as CEO at UMG, Max Hole was promoted to COO of UMGI, effective July 1, 2010.[21] Starting in 2011 UMG's Interscope Geffen A&M Records will be signing contestants from American Idol/Idol series. On January 2011, UMG announced it was donating 200,000 master recordings from the 1920s to 1940s to the Library of Congress
Library of Congress for preservation.[22] In March 2011, Barry Weiss became chairman and CEO of The Island Def Jam Music Group and Universal Republic Records.[23] Both companies were restructured under Weiss.[24] In December 2011, David Foster
David Foster was named Chairman of Verve Music Group. In 2011, EMI
EMI sold its recorded music operations to Universal Music Group for £1.2 billion ($1.9 billion) and its music publishing operations to a Sony-led consortium for $2.2 billion.[25] Among the other companies that had competed for the recorded music business was Warner Music Group
Warner Music Group which was reported to have made a $2 billion bid.[26] IMPALA
IMPALA opposed the merger.[27] In March 2012, the European Union opened an investigation into the acquisition[28] The EU asked rivals and consumer groups whether the deal would result in higher prices and shut out competitors.[29] Coincidentally, UMG sister company StudioCanal
StudioCanal had owned the EMI
EMI Films library for several years. On December 9, 2011, Megaupload
Megaupload published a music video titled "The Mega Song", showing artists including Kanye West, Snoop Dogg, Alicia Keys, and will.i.am endorsing the company. The music video was also uploaded to YouTube, but was removed following a takedown request by UMG. Megaupload
Megaupload said that the video contained no infringing content, commenting: "we have signed agreements with every featured artist for this campaign." Megaupload
Megaupload requested an apology from UMG, and filed a lawsuit against the company in the United States
United States District Court for the Northern District of California, on December 12, 2011.[30][31] UMG denied that the takedown was ordered under the terms of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, and said that the takedown was "pursuant to the UMG- YouTube
YouTube agreement", which gives UMG "the right to block or remove user-posted videos through YouTube's CMS (Content Management System) based on a number of contractually specified criteria."[32] The video was subsequently returned to YouTube, with the reasons for the UMG takedown remaining unclear.[33] Lawyers for will.i.am initially claimed that he had never agreed to the project, and on December 12, he denied any involvement in the takedown notice.[34] On September 21, 2012, the sale of EMI
EMI to UMG was approved in Europe and the United States
United States by the European Commission
European Commission and Federal Trade Commission respectively.[35] However, the European Commission
European Commission approved the deal only under the condition the merged company divest one third of its total operations to other companies with "a proven track record in the music industry". UMG divested Mute Records, Parlophone, Roxy Recordings, MPS Records, Cooperative Music, Now That's What I Call Music!, Jazzland, Universal Greece, Sanctuary Records, Chrysalis Records, EMI
EMI Classics, Virgin Classics, and EMI's European regional labels to comply with this condition. UMG retained The Beatles (formerly of Parlophone) and Robbie Williams
Robbie Williams (formerly of Chrysalis. The Beatles
The Beatles catalogue was transferred to UMG's newly formed Calderstone Productions , while Williams' catalogue was transferred to Island Records.[36][37] 2012–present: EMI
EMI integration and divisions reorganization Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group completed their acquisition of EMI
EMI on September 28, 2012.[38] In November 2012, Steve Barnett was appointed chairman & CEO of Capitol Music Group. He formerly served as COO of Columbia Records.[39] In compliance the conditions of the European Commission after purchase of EMI, Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group sold the Mute catalogue to the German-based BMG Rights Management
BMG Rights Management on December 22, 2012.[40] Two months later, BMG acquired Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records for close to €50 million.[41] On November 8, 2012, Universal Music and Hewlett-Packard
Hewlett-Packard launched a marketing operation: with a HP connected Music computer, the customer can access music from Universal artists, as well as exclusive content.[42] On February 8, 2013, Warner Music Group
Warner Music Group acquired the Parlophone
Parlophone Label Group (consisting of Parlophone
Parlophone Records, Chrysalis Records, EMI Classics, Virgin Classics and EMI
EMI Records' Belgian, Czech, Danish, French, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Slovak and Swedish divisions) for $765 million (£487 million).[43][44] Later in February, Sony Music
Sony Music Entertainment acquired Universal's European share in Now That's What I Call Music for approximately $60 million.[45] Play It Again Sam acquired Co-Operative Music for £500,000 in March 2013.[46] With EMI's absorption into Universal Music complete, its British operations will consist of five label units: Island, Polydor, Decca, Virgin EMI
EMI and Capitol.[47] In April 2013, Universal Music Greece (excluding Nana Mouskouri) was sold to Victoras Antippas, who renamed the company Cobalt Music.[48] Edel AG
Edel AG acquired the MPS catalogue from Universal in January 2014.[49] On March 20, 2013, UMG announced the worldwide extension of their exclusive distribution deal with the Disney Music Group, excluding Japan and Russia. As a result of this deal DMG's labels and artists have access to UMG's roster of multiplatinum and Grammy Award-winning producers and songwriters on a worldwide basis.[50] The exclusive deal also saw UMG granted unlimited access to all rights pertaining to Disney's 85-year back catalog of soundtracks and albums.[51] On April 2, 2013, the gospel music divisions of Motown Records
Motown Records and EMI merged to form a new label called Motown
Motown Gospel.[52] In May 2013, Japanese company SoftBank
SoftBank offered 8.5 billion US dollars to Vivendi
Vivendi for the acquisition of UMG, but Vivendi
Vivendi rejected it.[53] As of November 14, 2013, Universal Music will now distribute Warner Music Group's releases in the Middle East as a result of the integration of EMI's branch in the said region.[54][better source needed] On April 1, 2014, Universal Music announced the disbandment of Island Def Jam Music, one of four operational umbrella groups within Universal Music. Universal CEO Lucian Grainge said of the closure, "No matter how much we might work to build 'IDJ' as a brand, that brand could never be as powerful as each of IDJ's constituent parts."[55] Effective on the day of the announcement, Island Records
Island Records and Def Jam will now operate as autonomous record labels. David Massey and Bartels, who worked respectively at Island and Def Jam Records, will lead the new record labels independently.[55] Barry Weiss who previously moved from Sony Music
Sony Music to head up Island Def Jam Music back in 2012 when Motown Records
Motown Records was incorporated into Island Def Jam has stepped down from Universal Music. Additionally, as part of the changes to the labels, Motown Records
Motown Records will be transferred to Los Angeles to become part of the Capitol Music Group—previous Vice President Ethiopia Habtemariam was promoted to Label President for Motown
Motown Records.[55] Republic Records
Republic Records now operates independently while the Interscope Geffen A&M group remains unchanged.[55] Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group started entering into the film and TV production with the 2014 purchase of Eagle Rock Entertainment. UMG's first major film production was Amy while taking part in Kurt Cobain: Montage of Heck and The Beatles: Eight Days a Week documentaries. In January 2016, UMG made two hires David Blackman, from Laurence Mark Production where he was president of production as head of film and television development and production, and Scott Landis, theater producer as special advisor on theatrical development and production. UMG Executive Vice President Michele Anthony and Universal Music Publishing Group chair and CEO Jody Gerson have over site of the pair.[56] On February 11, 2017, PolyGram
PolyGram Entertainment was relaunched as a film and television unit of Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group under David Blackman.[57] Vivdendi and Red Bull GmbH
Red Bull GmbH had their units, StudioCanal and Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group and Terra Mater Film Studios respectively, create a co-development partnership for feature films in May 2017.[58] In August 2017, UMG and Grace/Beyond agreed to develop three new music-based television series, 27, Melody Island and Mixtape. 27 would focus on musicians at the age of 27, an age at which several iconic musicians died. Melody Island is an animated series based on uplifting tropical island feel music with live craft segments. Mixtape
Mixtape is dramatically structured similar to how a mixtape works with each connecting to a song.[59] In December 2017, Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group acquired the catalogues of Stiff Records
Stiff Records and ZTT Records, along with Perfect Songs Publishing, from Trevor Horn's SPZ Group.[60] Labels Further information: List of Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group labels Multimedia content delivery Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group co-developed Vevo, a site designed for music videos inspired by Hulu.com, which similarly allows free ad-supported streaming of videos and other music content.[61] Locations Los Angeles metropolitan area Santa Monica

Universal Music Publishing
Universal Music Publishing Headquarters in Santa Monica, California.

The UMG main global headquarters are located at 2220 Colorado Avenue in Santa Monica. The Santa Monica
Santa Monica headquarters oversees its legal obligations in the US and Canada such as Human Resources, and any legal issues surrounding the company. Interscope-Geffen-A&M and Verve Music Group
Verve Music Group are based at their LA headquarters with John Janick heading Interscope-Geffen-A&M[62] and David Foster
David Foster heading Verve.[63] Def Jam, Island and Republic Records
Republic Records has some offices at the Santa Monica
Santa Monica headquarters. The building is also home to Universal Music Enterprises (UME). UMG chairman & CEO Lucian Grainge works out of the company's Santa Monica
Santa Monica headquarters. Universal Music Publishing is headquartered at 2100 Colorado Avenue, which is down the block from UMG's offices. Hollywood The Capitol Music Group
Capitol Music Group is headquartered at the Capitol Records Building in Hollywood.[64] Tom Cage was assigned to the record label in 2004 after a short outing with A&M Records. Universal City

The headquarter of the Universal Music GmbH is located in Berlin-Friedrichshain

Universal Music Group Distribution
Universal Music Group Distribution is headquartered in Universal City, CA. New York City UMG has a major workforce in New York City. UMG's New York City headquarters deals mainly with Universal's marketing, Information Systems, and finance. It is also where several of UMG's labels are headquartered. Island Records, Def Jam Recordings, Republic Records, Decca Label Group and the newly re-launched Geffen Records are all headquartered in New York City. London Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group Global (formerly known as Universal Music Group International (UMGI)) is headquartered in Kensington, London. Global manages UMG's offices in most countries outside of North America. Berlin Universal Music GmbH, the German subsidiary, is headquartered in Berlin. It has moved in 2002 from Hamburg to the district Friedrichshain
Friedrichshain at the river Spree. Warsaw Universal Music Group. Universal Music Polska Other locations Universal Music Latin Entertainment
Universal Music Latin Entertainment is headquartered in Woodland Hills, California
California while Universal Music Group Nashville
Universal Music Group Nashville is headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. Universal Music Group's parent company, Vivendi, is headquartered in Paris, France. See also

Companies portal United States
United States portal

List of record labels List of RIAA member labels List of Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group artists

References

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EMI in Parts for $4.1 Billion to Vivendi, Sony". Businessweek. December 8, 2009. Retrieved November 16, 2011. ^ Warner Music Group
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External links

Official website UMG History page Universal Music Group's channel on YouTube Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group Career Opportunities listed on EntertainmentCareers.net Universal Music Group
Universal Music Group publishing catalog at MusicBrainz

Links to related articles

v t e

Vivendi

History List of owned assets

Directors

Vincent Bolloré Arnaud de Puyfontaine Pierre Rodocanachi

Universal Music Group

Universal Music Publishing
Universal Music Publishing Group Decca Gold

Decca Records Deutsche Grammophon

Island Records

Mercury Records

Roc Nation

StarRoc Takeover Roc Nation

Republic Records

Cash Money Records Big Machine Label Group

Universal Music Enterprises

Hip-O Records

Def Jam Recordings Show Dog-Universal Music Vevo

Capitol Christian Music Group

Motown
Motown Gospel Sparrow Records Tooth & Nail Records

Capitol Music Group

Astralwerks Apple Records Blue Note Records Capitol Records Caroline Distribution Harvest Records mau5trap Motown Priority Records Virgin Records

Interscope Geffen A&M Records

A&M Records A&M Octone Records DGC Records Geffen Records Interscope Records

UM Latin Entertainment

Capitol Latin Disa Records Fonovisa Records Machete Music

UMG Nashville

MCA Nashville Mercury Nashville Records Lost Highway Records Capitol Records
Capitol Records Nashville EMI
EMI Records Nashville

UM UK

Capitol UK Decca Records Island UK Polydor Records Virgin EMI
EMI Records

Verve Records

GRP Records Impulse! Records Verve Forecast Records

Film/TV units

Eagle Rock Entertainment PolyGram
PolyGram Entertainment Universal Music TV

Canal+
Canal+ Group

Canal+ Canalsat

Afrique Calédonie Caraïbes

D8 StudioCanal

Other assets

Dailymotion
Dailymotion (90%) Gameloft
Gameloft (96.9%) Telecom Italia
Telecom Italia (24.6%) Mediaset
Mediaset (28.80%) Havas
Havas Group (40%)

v t e

Music industry

Companies and organizations

Representatives

ARIA BVMI BPI Music Canada FIMI IFPI (worldwide) PROMUSICAE RIAA SNEP

Music publishers

BMG Rights Management EMI
EMI Music Publishing Fox Music Imagem MGM Music Music catalog Sony/ATV Music Publishing Universal Music Publishing
Universal Music Publishing Group Warner/Chappell Music

Record labels

Major: Sony
Sony Music Universal Music Group Warner Music Group Independent: Independent UK record labels

Live music

CTS Eventim Live Nation LiveStyle Ticketmaster

Genres

Avant-garde Blues Contemporary R&B Country Crossover Dance Disco Drum and bass Easy listening Electronica Experimental Folk Funk Gospel Hip hop Instrumental Jazz Latin Metal Motown New Age Operatic pop Pop Punk Reggae Rock Soul Soundtrack World

Sectors and roles

Album
Album cover design Artists and repertoire (A&R) Disc jockey Distribution Entertainment law Music education Music executive Music journalism Music publisher Music store Music venue Musical instruments Professional audio store Promotion Radio promotion Record label Record shop Road crew Talent manager Tour promoter

Production

Arrangement Composer Conductor Disc jockey Hip hop producer Horn section Record producer Recording artist Rhythm section Orchestrator Session musician Singer

Backup singer Ghost singer Vocal coach

Songwriter

Ghostwriter

Sound engineer

Release formats

Album Extended play
Extended play (EP)/Mini album Single Music video Promotional recording Phonograph record Eight-track Compact cassette CD DVD Airplay Music download Streaming media

Live shows

Concert Concert
Concert tour Concert
Concert residency Music festival Music competition

Charts

ARIA Charts Billboard Hot 100 Brasil Hot 100 Airplay Canadian Hot 100 Gaon Music Chart Irish Singles Chart Italian Singles Chart GfK Entertainment Charts Entertainment Monitoring Africa Oricon
Oricon Charts New Zealand Singles Chart SNEP Singles Chart Sverigetopplistan UK Singles Chart

Publications

Billboard HitQuarters Hot Press Kerrang! Mojo Musica e dischi NME Q Rolling Stone Smash Hits Top of the Pops

Television

Channels

CMT TheCoolTV Fuse Heartland Juice MTV MTV2 Tr3s MuchMusic The Music Factory Viva VH1 The Country Network

Series

Idol franchise Popstars Star Academy The Voice The X Factor Rising Star

Achievements

Music award Best-selling music artists Best-selling albums Best-selling albums by country Best-selling singles Highest-grossing concert tours Highest-attended concerts Global Recording Artist of the Year

Other

Album
Album sales Album-equivalent unit A-side and B-side Backmasking Christian music industry Hidden track Grammy Museum White label