United Nations Security Council resolution 1591, adopted on 29 March 2005, after recalling resolutions 1547 (2004), 1556 (2004), 1564 (2004), 1574 (2004), 1585 (2005), 1588 (2005) and

1590 Events January–June * January 4 – The Cortes of Castile approves a new subsidy, the '' millones''. * March 4 – Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, takes Breda, by concealing 68 of his best men in a peat-boat, to ...

(2005) on the situation in

Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...

, the council placed a

travel ban A travel ban is one of a variety of mobility restrictions imposed by governments. Bans can be universal or selective. The restrictions can be geographic, imposed by either the originating or destination jurisdiction. They can also be based on indiv ...

and asset freeze on those "impeding the peace process" in

Darfur Darfur ( ; ar, دار فور, Dār Fūr, lit=Realm of the Fur) is a region of western Sudan. ''Dār'' is an Arabic word meaning "home f – the region was named Dardaju ( ar, دار داجو, Dār Dājū, links=no) while ruled by the Daju ...

. The resolution was adopted by 12 votes in favour to none against and three

abstention Abstention is a term in election procedure for when a participant in a vote either does not go to vote (on election day) or, in parliamentary procedure, is present during the vote, but does not cast a ballot. Abstention must be contrasted with ...

s from

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

, China and

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-ei ...

, who all expressed objections to the use of

international sanctions International sanctions are political and economic decisions that are part of diplomatic efforts by countries, multilateral or regional organizations against states or organizations either to protect national security interests, or to protect i ...

and believed that the resolution failed to recognise the progress made by the Sudanese government.

Observations

In the preamble of the resolution, the council welcomed of the

Comprehensive Peace Agreement The Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA, ar, اتفاقية السلام الشامل, Ittifāqiyyah al-salām al-šāmil), also known as the Naivasha Agreement, was an accord signed on January 9, 2005, by the Sudan People's Liberation Movem ...

Nairobi Nairobi ( ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya. The name is derived from the Maasai phrase ''Enkare Nairobi'', which translates to "place of cool waters", a reference to the Nairobi River which flows through the city. The city proper ...

, Kenya, by the Sudanese government and Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement (SPLA/M). It recognised that the parties to the agreement had to bring about peace and prevent further violations of human rights and of the

ceasefire A ceasefire (also known as a truce or armistice), also spelled cease fire (the antonym of 'open fire'), is a temporary stoppage of a war in which each side agrees with the other to suspend aggressive actions. Ceasefires may be between state ac ...

. The security council was also concerned about the humanitarian situation and the safety of aid workers, and called on all parties to co-operate with the

African Union The African Union (AU) is a continental union consisting of 55 member states located on the continent of Africa. The AU was announced in the Sirte Declaration in Sirte, Libya, on 9 September 1999, calling for the establishment of the Africa ...

Mission in Darfur.

UN Panel of Experts concerning Sudan

The United Nations Panel of experts concerning the Sudan was established by the UN Security Council Resolution 1591 March 2005. Its mandate is to among others monitor the Arms Embargo on

. Their reports can be found at the following link: . Mr. Thomas W. Bifwoli was coordinator of the panel from 5 December 2007 until 15 October 2008. Mr Bifwoli had been originally appointed by the UN secretary General Kofi Annan in May 2006 to serve on the UN Panel of Experts as the Customs and Border control expert.

Acts

Acting under

Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter sets out the UN Security Council's powers to maintain peace. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to take military an ...

, the security council deplored the actions of the Sudanese government, rebel and other armed groups in Darfur for failing in their commitments to the council and continuing ceasefire violations. There were

airstrike An airstrike, air strike or air raid is an offensive operation carried out by aircraft. Air strikes are delivered from aircraft such as blimps, balloons, fighters, heavy bombers, ground attack aircraft, attack helicopters and drones. The off ...

s by the government, which had also not disarmed the

Janjaweed The Janjaweed ( ar, جنجويد, Janjawīd, lit=mounted gunman; also transliterated ''Janjawid'') are a Sudanese Arab militia group that operate in Sudan, particularly Darfur, and eastern Chad. Using the United Nations definition, the Janjaweed ...

militia. In this regard, the council established a Committee to oversee the implementation of Security Council demands against the parties involved in the conflict, and investigate individuals responsible for human rights violations. It was instructed to report regularly to the council on the situation. The resolution placed restrictions on those "impeding the peace process" in Darfur, including a travel ban and asset freeze, to enter into force within 30 days unless the parties complied with the security council. The council concluded by reiterating that further measures would be taken in the event of non-compliance by any of the parties.

References

External links

*
Text of the Resolution at undocs.org
* {{UNSCR 2005 1591 2005 in Sudan 1591 United Nations Security Council sanctions regimes March 2005 events

Observations

UN Panel of Experts concerning Sudan

Acts

See also

References

External links