The

Field Elm ''Ulmus minor'' Mill., the field elm, is by far the most polymorphic of the European species, although its taxonomy remains a matter of contention. Its natural range is predominantly south European, extending to Asia Minor and Iran; its northern ...

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture ...

''Ulmus minor'' 'Cucullata', the Hooded elm, was listed by

Loddiges The Loddiges family (not uncommonly mis-spelt ''Loddige'') managed one of the most notable of the eighteenth and nineteenth century plant nurseries that traded in and introduced exotic plants, trees, shrubs, ferns, palms and orchids into Europea ...

of Hackney,

London London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...

, in their catalogue of 1823 as ''Ulmus campestris cucullata'', and later by Loudon in ''Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum'' (1838), as ''U. campestris'' var. ''cucullata''.''Arboretum et Fruticetum Britannicum'', 3: 1378, 1838
/ref> Hooded-leaved field elm is not to be confused with ''U. campestris'' L. ''cucullata'' (= ''Ulmus montana cucullata'' Hort), the curled-leaved

wych elm ''Ulmus glabra'' Hudson, the wych elm or Scots elm, has the widest range of the European elm species, from Ireland eastwards to the Urals, and from the Arctic Circle south to the mountains of the Peloponnese and Sicily, where the species reaches i ...

cultivar 'Concavaefolia'.

Description

Loudon described ''Ulmus campestris'' var. ''cucullata'' as having "leaves curiously curved, something like a hood". He thought the tree resembled an undescribed cultivar he called var. ''concavaefolia''. This brief description was dismissed by Elwes and

Henry Henry may refer to: People *Henry (given name) * Henry (surname) * Henry Lau, Canadian singer and musician who performs under the mononym Henry Royalty * Portuguese royalty ** King-Cardinal Henry, King of Portugal ** Henry, Count of Portugal, ...

(1913) as "insufficient" for distinguishing concave- and hooded-leaved elms. They ignored Loudon's var. ''cucullata'' and expressed the view that his var. ''concavaefolia'' was identical to the cultivar 'Webbiana'.

Pests and diseases

See under

field elm ''Ulmus minor'' Mill., the field elm, is by far the most polymorphic of the European species, although its taxonomy remains a matter of contention. Its natural range is predominantly south European, extending to Asia Minor and Iran; its northern ...

Cultivation

If Loudon's ''Ulmus campestris'' var. ''cucullata'' was the tree later cultivated as ''Ulmus montana cucullata'' Hort, as Petzold and Kirchner believed (''Arboretum Muscaviense'', 1864),Petzold and Kirchner in ''Arboretum Muscaviense'' (Gotha, 1864), p.557
/ref> it is now very rare in cultivation. The Späth nursery of Berlin supplied one ''U. campestris cucullata'' to the

Dominion Arboretum The Dominion Arboretum (french: Arboretum du Dominion) is an arboretum part of the Central Experimental Farm of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Originally begun in 1889, the Arboretum covers about of rolling land ...

, Ottawa, Canada (planted 1897), three to the

Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies ...

in 1902, and one to the Ryston Hall arboretum,

Norfolk Norfolk () is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in East Anglia in England. It borders Lincolnshire to the north-west, Cambridgeshire to the west and south-west, and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the No ...

(planted 1916). Späth's tree may have been the Arboretum Muscaviense ''Ulmus campestris'' var. ''cucullata'', now identified as the

wych Salt, also referred to as table salt or by its chemical formula NaCl (sodium chloride), is an ionic compound made of sodium and chloride ions. All life depends on its chemical properties to survive. It has been used by humans for thousands of ...

cultivar 'Concavaefolia', which fits his description of curled grey leaves. Field elms with 'hooded' convex leaves, however, are not unknown in cultivation, one clone being present in Brighton and Edinburgh (see below). They are not known to have been introduced to

Australasia Australasia is a region that comprises Australia, New Zealand and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologi ...

Hooded-leaved field elms in the UK

A pruned field elm clone with rather elongated convex ('hooded') leaves, stands in Victoria Park,

Portslade Portslade is a western suburb of the city of Brighton and Hove, England. Portslade Village, the original settlement a mile inland to the north, was built up in the 16th century. The arrival of the railway from Brighton in 1840 encouraged rapid de ...

, East Sussex. File:BH00064 Ulmus. Victoria Park, Portslade. (4).jpg, Pruned convex-leaved field elm, Portslade, East Sussex (2003) File:Leaves of Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'. Victoria Park, Portslade.jpg, Leaves of same The same clone is present (2019, girth 2.2 m) in Duncan Place, Leith Links, Edinburgh.Google Maps
Duncan Pl - Google Maps (May 2015)
accessdate: August 23, 2016Google Maps
Duncan Pl - Google Maps (July 2008)
accessdate: August 23, 2016Google Maps
Duncan Pl - Google Maps (May 2011)
accessdate: August 23, 2016 A herbarium specimen in the

incorrectly labels this clone ''U. racemosa''. Both an ''U. racemosa'' and an ''U. campestris cucullata'' were sent by Späth to

RBGE The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) is a scientific centre for the study of plants, their diversity and conservation, as well as a popular tourist attraction. Founded in 1670 as a physic garden to grow medicinal plants, today it occupies ...

in 1902. They are listed separately in Späth's 1903 catalogue, where the former appears as ''U. racemosa'' Thomas, a synonym of the American species ''U. thomasii''. The Edinburgh ''U. racemosa'' herbarium specimen appears, therefore, to have been mis-labelled. Its likely source-tree was the cucullate field elm clone labelled ''U racemosa'' that stood in RBGE in the 20th century, renamed by Melville in 1958 ''U. carpinifolia'' × ''U. plotii'' ''U. minor'' × ''U. minor'' 'Plotii'Tree C2704, RBGE Cultivated herbarium accession book; annotated by Ronald Melville, 1958 See also ''Ulmus minor'' 'Concavaefolia''. File:Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'.jpg, Duncan Place elm,

Leith Links Leith Links ( gd, Fìghdean Lìte) is the principal open space within Leith, the docks district of Edinburgh, Scotland. This public park is divided by a road into two main areas, a western section and an eastern section, both being largely flat ...

Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian on the southern shore of t ...

, from west (2016) File:Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'. Leith Links, Edinburgh (1).jpg, Same, from east File:AZ0015 Ulmus minor 'Cucullata' samarae.jpg, Samarae File:Bark of Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'.jpg, Bole File:Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'. Leith Links, Edinburgh (2).jpg, Pendant branchlets File:Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'. Leith Links, Edinburgh (3).jpg, Elongated convex ('hooded') leaves of same File:Possible_Ulmus_minor_%27Cucullata%27_(2).jpg, Leaf-spray File:Leaf of Ulmus minor 'Cucullata'.jpg, Pressed leaves File:Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. (1902). Accessions book pages 45,47.jpg, Späth's 1902 elms in the RBGE accessions book, listing his ''U. campestris cucullata''

Varieties

A variegated form, ''U. minor'' 'Cucullata Variegata', was also in cultivation from the late 19th century.

Synonymy

* 'Cochleata': C. de Vosbr>
''Handboek'' 204. 1887.

Accessions

;Europe *

Brighton & Hove Brighton and Hove () is a city and unitary authority in East Sussex, England. It consists primarily of the settlements of Brighton and Hove, alongside neighbouring villages. Often referred to synonymously as Brighton, the City of Brighton and ...

City Council, UK.

NCCPG Plant Heritage, formerly known as the National Council for the Conservation of Plants and Gardens (NCCPG), is a botanical conservation organisation in the United Kingdom and a registered charity. It was founded in 1978 to combine the talents of b ...

elm collection. One tree in Victoria Park,

Hove Hove is a seaside resort and one of the two main parts of the city of Brighton and Hove, along with Brighton in East Sussex, England. Originally a "small but ancient fishing village" surrounded by open farmland, it grew rapidly in the 19th c ...

Notes

References

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars , state=collapsed Field elm cultivar Ulmus articles with images Ulmus