Ulmus bergmanniana
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''Ulmus bergmanniana''
C.K.Schneid. Camillo Karl Schneider (7 April 1876 – 5 January 1951) was a German botanist and landscape architect. A farmer's son, he was born at Wermsdorf, Gröppendorf, in the Kingdom of Saxony, and worked as a gardener at Zeitz, Dresden, Berlin and Greifs ...
, commonly known as Bergmann's elm, is a deciduous tree found across much of China in forests at elevations of 1500–3000 m.


Description

The tree is very closely related to the wych elm ''Ulmus glabra''; it can reach a height of with a wide-spreading crown, and a trunk of about 0.9 m d.b.h.Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) ''Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA.

/ref> The bark is longitudinally fissured, and varies in colour from greyish-white to dark grey. The pubescent leaves range from Leaf shape, obovate to elliptic, less than long, and bluish-green when mature.White, J. & More, D. (2003). ''Trees of Britain & Northern Europe''. Cassell's, London. The
perfect Perfect commonly refers to: * Perfection, completeness, excellence * Perfect (grammar), a grammatical category in some languages Perfect may also refer to: Film * Perfect (1985 film), ''Perfect'' (1985 film), a romantic drama * Perfect (2018 f ...
, wind-pollinated apetalous flowers are produced on second-year shoots in February, followed by generally obovate samarae <30 mm long by 14 mm width, the centre of the seed about 7 mm from the slightly notched apex. Branchlets do not possess the corky wings characteristic of many other elm species. File:Ulmus bergmanniana samara.jpg, Samara of ''Ulmus bergmanniana'' File:Ulmus bergmanniana leaves 2.jpg, Leaves of ''Ulmus bergmanniana'' File:GFA U. bergmanniana.jpg, ''U. bergmanniana'', Grange Farm Arboretum


Pests and diseases

''U. bergmanniana'' has a moderate resistance to Dutch elm disease; in trials in
Oklahoma Oklahoma (; Choctaw language, Choctaw: ; chr, ᎣᎧᎳᎰᎹ, ''Okalahoma'' ) is a U.S. state, state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States, bordered by Texas on the south and west, Kansas on the nor ...
it was also found to be eschewed by the elm leaf beetle '' Xanthogaleruca luteola'

but further north at the Morton Arboretum was moderately to highly preferred by the insect. The species is also susceptible to the elm leafminer.Grimshaw, J. & Bayton, R. (2009). ''New Trees - Recent Introductions to Cultivation''. RBG Kew, London.


Cultivation

The tree was introduced to the West in 1900. In trials in the USA it was found to propagate well, and also proved to be very winter hardy. The tree was one of 12 Chinese species under evaluation at the Morton Arboretum, Illinois, in 2009 by the late Dr
George Ware George Ware, Ph.D. (1924–2010) was an American dendrologist and former research director of the Morton Arboretum Illinois who specialized in the evaluation of Asiatic species of elm as urban trees.''Chicago Suburban Daily Herald'', 7 July 2010. ...
.Dirr, M. (2009). 'Future Tree Selections'. ''Western'', Spring 2009,  p.8. Western Nursery & Landscape Association, St Joseph, Missour

/ref> There are no known cultivars of this taxon.


Subspecies & varieties

Two varieties are recognized: var. ''bergmanniana'' L.K.Fu, and var. ''lasiophylla'' C.K.Schneid..


Etymology

The species was named by
Camillo Karl Schneider Camillo Karl Schneider (7 April 1876 – 5 January 1951) was a German botanist and landscape architect. A farmer's son, he was born at Gröppendorf, in the Kingdom of Saxony, and worked as a gardener at Zeitz, Dresden, Berlin and Greifswald. Retu ...
for his friend Carl Bergmann, who assisted in indexing the work in which it was published.Schneider, C.K. (1906-1912). ''Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde''. Vol.2.  p.902. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.


Accessions

;North America *
Brenton Arboretum The Brenton Arboretum is a 141-acre arboretum and public garden in Dallas Center, Iowa, United States, established in 1997. The arboretum displays 175 native Iowa trees and shrubs suitable to the site, as well as many other tree species which can ...
, US. * Chicago Botanic Garden, US. Planted in West Collections Area. * Denver Botanic Gardens, US. No acc. no. available. * Morton Arboretum, US
acc. no. 44-95
Obtained from Yunnan Province, China. * United States National Arboretum, Washington, D.C., US. Acc. nos. 68997, 76216, 76217, 76242, 68977. ;Europe * Grange Farm Arboretum, Lincolnshire, UK. Acc. no. 507 *
Wijdemeren City Council Wijdemeren () is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland, on the western border of the Gooi region. Wijdemeren contains many lakes. In the north(east) ''Spiegelplas'' and ''Ankeveense Plassen'', in the (south)west ''Loo ...
, Netherlands. Elm collection. Planted 2013 Smeerdijkgaarde, Kortenhoef.


Nurseries

;Europe *Pan-Global Plant

Frampton-on-Severn Frampton on Severn is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England. The population is 1,432. Geography The village is approximately south of Gloucester, at . It lies on the east bank of the River Severn, and on the west bank of the ...
, Gloucestershire, UK.


References


External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q7879422 Elm species and varieties Trees of China Flora of China Trees of Asia Ulmus articles with images bergmanniana