''Ulmus'' 'Morton Red Tip' (selling name ) is a

hybrid Hybrid may refer to: Science * Hybrid (biology), an offspring resulting from cross-breeding ** Hybrid grape, grape varieties produced by cross-breeding two ''Vitis'' species ** Hybridity, the property of a hybrid plant which is a union of two dif ...

cultivar A cultivar is a type of cultivated plant that people have selected for desired traits and when propagated retain those traits. Methods used to propagate cultivars include: division, root and stem cuttings, offsets, grafting, tissue culture, ...

raised by the Morton Arboretum from an open pollination of ''Ulmus'' 'Morton'. The tree has occasionally been reported as a hybrid of with the Siberian Elm ''

Ulmus pumila ''Ulmus pumila'', the Siberian elm, is a tree native to Asia. It is also known as the Asiatic elm and dwarf elm, but sometimes miscalled the 'Chinese Elm' (''Ulmus parvifolia''). ''U. pumila'' has been widely cultivated throughout Asia, Nor ...

'', an error probably owing to the commercial propagation of the tree by grafting onto ''U. pumila'' rootstocks. Tested in the US

National Elm Trial The National Elm Trial was an American volunteer effort to evaluate a range of newly developed elm cultivars as replacements for elms destroyed by Dutch elm disease. The Colorado State University College of Agricultural Sciences coordinated the tri ...

coordinated by

Colorado State University Colorado State University (Colorado State or CSU) is a public land-grant research university in Fort Collins, Colorado. It is the flagship university of the Colorado State University System. Colorado State University is classified among "R1: ...

averaged a survival rate of 77.5% after 10 years.

Description

has a graceful, vase-shaped habit resembling the American Elm '' Ulmus americana'' with foliage tinged red on emergence.

Pests and diseases

Although resistant to

Dutch elm disease Dutch elm disease (DED) is caused by a member of the sac fungi (Ascomycota) affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles. Although believed to be originally native to Asia, the disease was accidentally introduced into Americas, America ...

in the US, is very susceptible to the elm leaf beetle '' Xanthogaleruca luteola'',McPherson, G. ''et al''. (2008). National elm trial: Initial report from Northern California. ''Western Arborist'', Fall 2009, pp 32-36.

Japanese Beetle The Japanese beetle (''Popillia japonica'') is a species of scarab beetle. The adult measures in length and in width, has iridescent copper-colored elytra and a green thorax and head. It is not very destructive in Japan (where it is controlle ...

,Brady, C., Condra, J., & Potter, D. (2008) Resistance of Landscape-suitable Elm (Ulmus spp.) Cultivars to Japanese Beetle, Leaf Miners, and Gall Makers. ''2008 Research Report, Nursery & Landscape Program'', pp 15, 16. University of Kentucky. and Gypsy moth; it is also moderately preferred by cankerworms.Guries, R. P. & Smalley, E. B., (1986), ''Proc. Third Nat. Urban Forestry Conf.'', pp 214–218, 1986, Orlando,

Florida Florida is a state located in the Southeastern region of the United States. Florida is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Bahamas and Atlantic Ocean, and to ...

Cultivation

is very cold hardy; in artificial freezing tests at the arboretumShirazi, A. M. & Ware, G. H. (2004). ''Evaluation of New Elms from China for Cold Hardiness in Northern Latitudes''. International Symposium on Asian Plant Diversity & Systematics 2004,

Sakura A cherry blossom, also known as Japanese cherry or sakura, is a flower of many trees of Prunus, genus ''Prunus'' or Prunus subg. Cerasus, ''Prunus'' subg. ''Cerasus''. They are common species in East Asia, including China, Korea and especia ...

, Japan. the

LT50 LT50 is the median Lethal Time (time until death) after exposure of an organism to a toxic substance or stressful condition. LT50 is commonly used in toxicology studies to quantify amount of a stressor necessary to kill an organism. LT50 can be use ...

(temp. at which 50% of tissues die) was found to be −31 ° C. However, the tree is notorious for its stem breakage owing to narrow crotch angles and included bark; in trials at the

University of Minnesota The University of Minnesota, formally the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, (UMN Twin Cities, the U of M, or Minnesota) is a public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Tw ...

it had the unhappy distinction of being the worst of 17 cultivars for breakage.Giblin, C. P. & Gillman, J. H. (2006). ''Elms for the Twin Cities: A Guide for Selection and Maintenance.'' University of Minnesota. The tree is currently being evaluated in the

coordinated by

. is being promoted by the Chicagoland Grows corporation but is not widely available in the United States. Very rare in Europe, it is not known (2016) to have been introduced to

Australasia Australasia is a region that comprises Australia, New Zealand and some neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologica ...

Etymology

The name Danada in is a conflation of the given names of Daniel F. and Ada L. Rice, whose eponymous Foundation helped sponsor the elm breeding program at the Morton Arboretum.

Accessions

;North America * Brenton Arboretum, US. No details available. * Chicago Botanic Garden, US. 2 trees. No acc. details available. *

Dawes Arboretum The Dawes Arboretum is a nonprofit arboretum located in Newark, Ohio. It includes nearly of plant collections, gardens and natural areas. The site includes approximately 12 miles (19 km) of hiking trails and roadways for a four-mile (6&nbs ...

br>
US. 2 trees. No acc. details available. * Morton Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 60–2003. *

University of Idaho The University of Idaho (U of I, or UIdaho) is a public land-grant research university in Moscow, Idaho. It is the state's land-grant and primary research university,, and the lead university in the Idaho Space Grant Consortium. The University ...

Arboretum, US. Acc. no. 1998012 ;Europe *

Grange Farm Arboretum The Grange Farm Arboretum is a small private arboretum comprising 3 hectares accommodating over 800 trees, mostly native and ornamental species or cultivars, notably oaks, ashes, walnuts and elms, growing on a calcareous loam.Ostler, J. (2009) ' ...

, UK. Acc. no. 1140.

Nurseries

;North America *J. Frank Schmidt & Son Co

Boring, Oregon Boring is an unincorporated community in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. It is located along Oregon Route 212 in the foothills of the Cascade mountain range, approximately southeast of downtown Portland, and northeast of Oregon City. ...

, US. *Johnson's Nurser

Menomonee Falls Menomonee Falls is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States, and is part of the Greater Milwaukee area. The population was 35,626 at the 2010 census, making it the most populous village in Wisconsin. It is the fourth largest communi ...

Wisconsin Wisconsin () is a state in the upper Midwestern United States. Wisconsin is the 25th-largest state by total area and the 20th-most populous. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake M ...

, US. *Sun Valley Garden Centr

Eden Prairie Eden Prairie is a city southwest of downtown Minneapolis in Hennepin County and the 16th-largest city in the State of Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, it has a population of 64,198. The city is adjacent to the north bank of th ...

Minnesota Minnesota () is a state in the upper midwestern region of the United States. It is the 12th largest U.S. state in area and the 22nd most populous, with over 5.75 million residents. Minnesota is home to western prairies, now given over to ...

, US.

References

External links

Warren, K., J. Frank Schmidt & Son Co. (2002). ''The Status of Elms in the Nursery Industry in 2000''.

Miller, F. (2002). ''New elms for the landscape and urban forest''.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ulmus 'Morton Red Tip' Danada Charm Hybrid elm cultivar Ulmus articles with images Ulmus