USS Zeus (ARB-4)

USS ''Zeus'' (ARB-4) was planned as a United States Navy , but was redesignated as one of twelve ''Aristaeus''-class battle damage repair ships built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named for Zeus (in Greek mythology, the king of the gods, the ruler of Mount Olympus, and god of the sky and thunder), she was the only US Naval vessel to bear the name.

Construction

The ship was laid down as ''LST-132'' on 17 June 1943, at Seneca, Illinois, by the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company; launched on 26 October 1943; sponsored by Mrs. C. A. Brown, wife of Lieutenant C. A. Brown, USNR, who was assigned to the shipyard. With the reallocation of the ship to carry out battle damage repairs, the ship was named ''Zeus'' on 4 November 1943, and reclassified as ARB-4. The Maryland Drydock Co., Baltimore, Maryland, carried out the conversion work, and ''Zeus'' was commissioned at her conversion yard on 11 April 1944.

Service history

Shifting to Port Covington, Baltimore, on 16 April 1944, to take on supplies and fuel, ''Zeus'' reported to Commander Amphibious Training, Atlantic Fleet, on 23 April, for shakedown. She sailed for the Naval Operating Base (NOB), Norfolk, on 24 April, and calibrated her radio direction finder en route. After taking on ammunition and supplies at NOB Norfolk (26 April), the ship departed at Lambert's Point, Norfolk, the following day (27 April), then began her shakedown on 28 April, conducting an eight-hour full power run on 29 April.

Anchoring off Cove Point, Solomons Island, Maryland, on 30 April 1944, ''Zeus'' carried out short range battle practice in Chesapeake Bay, firing at a moored sled target, her gun crews putting the weapons through their structural tests on 3 May, and conducted anti-aircraft warfare practice the next day. She then proceeded to the Norfolk Navy Yard on 5 May, for scheduled work.

Underway once more on 11 May 1944, ''Zeus'' fueled at Craney Island, Virginia, the following day, and the following morning received ammunition from a lighter moored alongside. She returned to NOB Norfolk and moored later that day. She took on board supplies and provisioned from the Naval Supply Depot, Norfolk, then reported to the Commander Service Force, Atlantic Fleet, for duty and for onward routing, on 14 May.

A little over a half hour after the start of the afternoon watch on 16 May 1944, ''Zeus'' got underway in company with the internal combustion engine repair ship , and the submarine chaser , their escort. The ships joined convoy 435, encountering a moderate sea on the beam that caused ''Zeus'' to roll quickly to 30 degrees. The convoy reached Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, without incident at 17:43 on 22 May, then sailed less than 24 hours later with convoy GZ-62, setting course for Panama.

''Zeus'' made arrival at Cristóbal, Colón, Canal Zone, late on the morning of 27 May 1944, then transited the Panama Canal. The next day, she reported to Commander in Chief Pacific Fleet for duty and Commander Panama Sea Frontier for onward routing. On the morning of 29 May, ''Zeus'' sailed for San Diego, California, in company with ''Oahu''. During the passage, a moderate sea on the beam again prompted the battle damage repair ship to roll – on this occasion to 35 degrees. On 5 June, ''Zeus'' fired an antiaircraft practice at balloons released by ''Oahu'', then released balloons so that her consort could conduct firing later that same afternoon.

Reaching her destination on 10 June 1944, ''Zeus'' reported to Commandant Eleventh Naval District for onward routing. She fueled the next day, then shifted moorings the next morning, taking on fresh water and stores. She got underway on the morning of 14 June, sailing in company with ''Oahu'', with the latter's captain, senior to ''Zeus''s, becoming officer in tactical command (OTC). The next afternoon, the latter's reversing course left ''Zeus'' to proceed independently, but ''Oahu'' rejoined ''Zeus'' on the afternoon of 19 June, and the two ships proceeded together to their destination.

Arriving at Pearl Harbor, Territory of Hawaii, early on the afternoon on 23 June 1944, ''Zeus'' reported to Commander Service Force, Pacific Fleet (ComServPac), for duty, and received assignment to Service Squadron (ServRon) 2. Shifting to Ten-Ten Dock during the first dog watch the following day to begin a 48-hour availability, the battle damage repair ship loaded stores and provisions during that period, and received fresh water, ultimately sailing in convoy 4032A late in the afternoon watch on 27 June, setting course for the Marshall Islands. The ships proceeded toward Eniwetok, zig-zagging for an hour (16:00-17:00) on 1 July, and crossed the International Date Line at midnight on 3 July, advancing the calendar date to 4 July. The assemblage steered zig-zag courses again, beginning at 08:00 on 4 July, and ending at 19:00 the following day, then began zig-zagging again one hour later (20:00) on 5 July.

During the forenoon watch on 6 July 1944, however, an escort on the port side of the convoy obtained a sound contact, the alarm prompting the ships to make an emergency 45 degree turn to starboard at 10:53. ''Zeus'' went to general quarters at 10:56, after which time an escort dropped depth charges at 10:57. The battle damage repair ship resumed her original base course at 11:13, then secured from general quarters seven minutes later. The convoy resumed zig-zagging (11:30-15:30), suspended steering those courses for a brief period while one escort and two ships from the group left on duty assigned (15:40), then again began steering zig-zag courses twenty minutes later, with ''Zeus'' being ordered to assume a new position at 16:15. The passage proceeded uneventfully for a little over an hour, before an escort ahead of the disposition made a sound contact at 17:16, with general quarters being sounded again, with the convoy steering another emergency 45 degree turn to starboard. Subsequently, the disposition resumed steering zig-zag courses at 17:30, with ''Zeus'' standing down from general quarters two minutes later. The convoy continued its zig-zagging until noon on 8 July, then reached Eniwetok a little less than four hours later. Steering various courses and speeds to conform to the channel, ''Zeus'' anchored in berth 526 in the central anchorage at 18:45.

The following day, 9 July 1944, in compliance with orders received from ComServPac, ''Zeus'' reported to Commander ServRon 10 for duty. She shifted berths within the central anchorage that afternoon, dropping anchor in berth 562, then on 15 July, set about her work, carrying out repair work for her first three vessels: the infantry landing craft , the motor minesweeper , and the tank landing ship . ''Zeus'' shifted her berth to M-8 on 16 July, doing repairs for the escort carriers and , then moved back to the central anchorage (berth 563) on 18 July, where she soon began repairs on the old tug and a landing craft (vehicle and personnel) (LCV(P)). For the remainder of the month, the ship carried out work on a variety of vessels ranging from two submarine chasers ( and ) to three pontoon barges and a pair of target rafts.

''Zeus''s first full month of work at Eniwetok (August 1944) found her interrupted by Flash Red alerts that sent the ship to general quarters twice (04:05-04:28 on 5 August, and a fortnight later, on 19 August, from 22:25-22:50). The rest of her time that month continued to be occupied with repairs to 42 ships and small craft that ranged from the heavy cruiser , the destroyer escorts , , and , and the minesweeper , to four LCV(P)s and five target rafts. During September, from her anchorage in berth 563 during the first half of the month, ''Zeus''s work encompassed not only a tank landing ship, , but one of that ship's LCV(P)s as well, and ranged from 110-foot submarine chasers and , 136-foot submarine chaser and the 173-foot submarine chasers and , to the big harbor tug , the water barge and the garbage lighter . ''Zeus'' shifted to berth 579, still in the waters of Eniwetok's central anchorage, where, outside of a Flash Red that sent her to general quarters (15:53-16:04) on 21 September, she continued her toil, her customers ranging from the minesweeper and salvage vessel to 12 LCV(P)s and three medium landing craft (LCM), one of which belonged to the cargo ship .

Remaining anchored in berth 579 into the month of October 1944, as the fleet prepared for the return to the Philippine Islands in the invasion of Leyte, ''Zeus'' provided repairs to ships and craft that ranged from minesweeper , fleet ocean tug , and net-laying ship to small coastal transports and , the seaplane wrecking derrick and US Army Crash Boat ''20989''. Shifting to Eniwetok's south anchorage (berth K-1) at the end of the afternoon watch on 14 October, the battle damage repair ship conducted work on 26 vessels ranging from six 173-foot submarine chasers and three 110-footers, the miscellaneous auxiliary and big harbor tug to two US Army crash boats and the Army small tug ''LT-392'', during the second half of the month.

The first half of November 1944 proceeded without incident, ''Zeus'' continuing her vital repair work to units of the fleet – three dozen all told—from large to small, including six motor minesweepers and eight 173-foot submarine chasers. On 17 November, however, an hour before the end of the mid watch, the wind increased in velocity to – the ship would clock those during the rest of the day but occasionally reached for brief periods of time – and by the end of the morning watch (08:00) ''Zeus'', with , old ocean tug , transport , and non-self-propelled covered lighter moored alongside to starboard at the time—was dragging her anchor. ''PC-600'' got underway and cast off immediately. ''Zeus'' employed her engines "to ease hestrain on the chain" until ''Gemini''s black gang lit off her propulsion plant, permitting her to get underway, too. ''Zeus'' shifted back to K-1, anchoring at 13:50.

''Zeus''s clientele expanded to include the steel-hulled floating dry dock – the type suitable for docking minesweepers (AM) and net-laying ships (AN) – as well as to the concrete-hulled storage barge , during the first week of December 1944. At the end of that period, the battle damage repair ship got underway for the first extended period of time – albeit brief – since her arrival at Eniwetok. She upped anchor and fired antiaircraft practices, her gunners on all of her battery, from to weapons, firing at towed sleeves twice on 7 December, and once the following day, before she returned to K-1 at 10:59 on 8 December. Her customers ranged from the destroyer , seven destroyer escorts of various types and classes, to miscellaneous auxiliaries (IX), four 173-foot submarine chasers, motor minesweepers, floating dry dock AFD-19, and the War Shipping Administration EC2-S-C1 type cargo vessel , a total of 37 vessels.

The ship's workload clearly reflected the pace of the war, such as the invasion of Luzon, and of the many types and classes of naval vessels involved as the New Year 1945 began. During January 1945, ''Zeus''s skilled specialists forged ahead through work on 77 ships of 21 different types and classes, the most numerous being destroyer escorts (11), followed by tank landing ships (9) and 173-foot submarine chasers (PCs) (8). Small craft serviced included 11 LCMs. She also provided repairs to three War Shipping Administration (WSA) Victory Ships, and the WSA, US-registry troop ship ''Cape Newenham''.

During February 1945, ''Zeus'' serviced 108 naval vessels of 34 different types, including battleship and aircraft carrier , the most numerous vessels needing repairs being destroyer escorts (17), wooden-hulled motor minesweepers (14), 173-foot submarine chasers (13) and tank landing ships (8). Some 18 WSA ships required varying degrees of work as well. Toward the end of that month, Lt. Groves, ''Zeus''s commanding officer, assumed the duties of ComServRon 10 representative and administrative senior officer present afloat (SOPA) at Eniwetok, relieving ''Oahu''s commanding officer of those responsibilities, on 24 February.

''Zeus'' provided repairs to 35 different types of US Navy ships and craft, totaling 81 vessels, during March 1945. The more numerous of those included 22 173-foot submarine chasers (in addition to 11 of the 110-foot wooden class), 22 tank landing craft (LCT), 15 destroyer escorts, 15 motor minesweepers, 14 fleet minesweepers and ten LSTs. In addition, 39 WSA ships received repairs, as did one US Army inter-island freighter, ''FS-374''.

As the war moved closer to the Japanese homeland with the invasion of Okinawa, during April 1945, ''Zeus'' performed repairs to 101 US Navy vessels of 31 different types (the most numerous type of ship being destroyer escorts – 13 – and 11 PCs) in addition to 18 WSA ships. Early in that month, on 8 April, ''Oahu''s commanding officer relieved ''Zeus''s Lt. Groves as administrative SOPA at Eniwetok. Two days later, the ship shifted her anchorage from J-3 to L-3, and on 21 April, in compliance with orders from ComServRon 10, reported to Commander Marshalls-Gilberts Area for temporary duty.

During May 1945, ''Zeus'' serviced 69 US Navy ships and craft, representing 28 different types, from berth L-3, in addition to seven WSA vessels. In June, the battle damage repair ship worked on 74 naval ships and craft, 27 types ranging from nine PC, seven YMS, and six DE, to a transport and a non-self-propelled floating workshop (YR), in addition to 11 WSA vessels and one small US Army tug. During July, still lying anchored in berth L-3, ''Zeus'' repaired 82 US Navy ships, nine WSA and one small US Army freighter, ''FS-230''. On 2 July, ComServDiv 102 (formerly ComServRon 10 Representative ABLE) assumed duties as the administrative SOPA at Eniwetok, in , and ''Zeus'' reported to ComServDiv 102 one week later, on 9 July, for temporary operational control.

The relentless pressure upon the Japanese Empire continued into August 1945, while ''Zeus'' continued her work out of Eniwetok, shifting her anchorage from L-3 to berth 552 on 13 July. In the wake of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan finally agreed to the terms put forth in the Potsdam Declaration, and indicated its willingness to surrender. The end of hostilities, however, meant no cessation of the repair ship's work, and during the month of August her artificers toiled on 67 vessels of 21 types, the most numerous being infantry landing craft (LCI) – 13 of them – in addition to 30 medium landing craft (LCM) from the local boat pool.

With the Japanese surrender on 2 September 1945, however, ''Zeus''s workload decreased to 39 naval vessels of 16 types, the most numerous being barracks ships (APL) – seven in all, with no WSA or US Army vessels worked-on. During October, ''Zeus'' conducted work on 41 ships of 23 types, in addition to the marine railway at Parry Island and a British ship, . Also during that month, ''Zeus'' entered the floating dry dock for a brief period of repairs (22-23 October), returning to berth 552 to resume her work. In November, the battle damage repair ship worked on 45 naval vessels (the most numerous again being APLs) and two WSA ships, shifting her berth twice, to berth 564 on 5 November and back to L-3 on 12 November.

''Zeus'' departed Eniwetok a little over an hour into the forenoon watch on 6 December 1945, set course for the west coast of the United States. After a "quiet and uneventful" passage, the battle damage repair ship reached San Pedro Bay, California, on Christmas morning 1945, finding "various units of the United States Fleet, local defense craft, and merchantmen…” there. She reported her arrival to Commander Western Sea Frontier, Commandant Eleventh Naval District, and Commander Naval Base, Terminal Island. Her repair work in December had encompassed only four ships: the destroyer , cargo ship and two barracks ships, ''APL-47'' and ''APL-2''.

''Zeus'' remained at San Pedro through mid-March 1946, spending part of that time providing repairs to a quartet of destroyer escorts – , , and . Shifting to the Ammunition Depot at Seal Beach, California, on 19 March, she discharged ammunition there until the following morning, at which point she got underway again and proceeded to San Diego. Assigned to the 19th Reserve Fleet, ''Zeus'' remained at San Diego, ultimately moored at the Naval Repair Base there, for the remainder of her commissioned service.

On 30 August 1946, as she lay alongside the internal combustion engine repair ship , ''Zeus'' was placed out of commission and berthed at San Diego with the Pacific Reserve Fleet. She remained in reserve until 1 June 1973, at which time her name was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register.

Commercial service

''Zeus'' was sold 1 August 1974, by the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service to Mickey Jones for commercial service as a salmon processor and freight ship, whereupon she was renamed ''Cape St. Elias''. She was sold to Snopac Products in 1986, for service as a frozen fish freighter in Alaska. Again sold in 1988 to Icicle Seafoods, she was renamed ''Coastal Star'', and served as a seafood processing ship in Alaska. In December 2005, she was resold to Snopac Products, renamed ''Snopac Innovator''. In 2012 she was again resold to Icicle Seafoods, renamed ''Gordon Jensen'' and continues in service as a seafood processing ship.

Notes

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Bibliography

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Zeus (ARB-4)
Aristaeus-class repair ships
Aristaeus-class repair ships converted from LST-1-class ships
Ships built in Seneca, Illinois
1943 ships
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Merchant ships of the United States
Pacific Reserve Fleet, San Diego