USS ''Avocet'' (AM-19/AVP-4) was a ''Lapwing''-class

minesweeper A minesweeper is a small warship designed to remove or detonate naval mines. Using various mechanisms intended to counter the threat posed by naval mines, minesweepers keep waterways clear for safe shipping. History The earliest known usage of ...

initially acquired by the

U.S. Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage o ...

for the dangerous task of removing mines from minefields laid in the water to prevent ships from passing. ''Avocet'' was commissioned at the

Norfolk Navy Yard The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia, for building, remodeling and repairing the Navy's ships. It is the oldest and largest industrial facility tha ...

, on 17 September 1918, as a

. Recommissioned on 8 September 1925 as a small seaplane tender, USS ''Avocet'' (AVP-4) was present during the Pearl Harbor attack on 7 December 1941. The ship survived the war, and was sold as a hulk on 6 December 1946. In June, 1937 USS Avocet carried a science team to Canton Island (in the Phoenix Islands, midway between Hawaii and Fiji, at the time a British Protectorate) for the total solar eclipse. There, the Avocet and HMS Wellington, carrying a British science team, fired shots across each others bows in a dispute over the choice anchorage of the island which the Americans, arriving first, had claimed. The dispute was quickly smoothed over at the highest levels in both governments.

''Avocet''s role in the Attack on Pearl Harbor

At about 07:45 on Sunday, 7 December 1941, ''Avocet's'' security watch reported Japanese planes bombing the seaplane hangars at the south end of

Ford Island Ford Island ( haw, Poka Ailana) is an islet in the center of Pearl Harbor, Oahu, in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It has been known as Rabbit Island, Marín's Island, and Little Goats Island, and its native Hawaiian name is ''Mokuumeume''. The is ...

and sounded

general quarters General quarters, battle stations, or action stations is an announcement made aboard a naval warship A warship or combatant ship is a naval ship that is built and primarily intended for naval warfare. Usually they belong to the arme ...

. Her crew promptly brought up ammunition to her guns and the ship opened fire. The first shot from ''Avocet''s starboard 3 in (76.2 mm) gun scored a direct hit on a

Nakajima B5N The Nakajima B5N ( ja, 中島 B5N, Allied reporting name "Kate") was the standard carrier-based torpedo bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) for much of World War II. Although the B5N was substantially faster and more capable than its Al ...

2 ("Kate") carrier attack plane that had just scored a torpedo hit on the battleship , moored nearby. The "Kate", from the aircraft carrier 's air group, caught fire, slanted down from the sky, and crashed on the grounds of the naval hospital, one of five such planes lost by ''Kaga'' that morning. Initially firing at

torpedo planes A torpedo bomber is a military aircraft designed primarily to attack ships with aerial torpedoes. Torpedo bombers came into existence just before the First World War almost as soon as aircraft were built that were capable of carrying the weight ...

, ''Avocet''s gunners shifted their focus to dive bombers attacking ships in the drydock area at the beginning of the forenoon watch. Then, sighting high altitude bombers overhead, they shifted their fire again. Soon afterwards five bombs splashed in a nearby berth, but none exploded. From her veritable ringside seat, ''Avocet'' then witnessed the sortie of the battleship , the only ship of her type to get underway during the attack. Seeing the dreadnought underway, after clearing her berth astern of the burning battleship , dive-bomber pilots from ''Kaga'' singled her out for destruction, 21 planes attacking her from all points of the compass. ''Avocet''s captain, Lieutenant William C. Jonson Jr., marveled at the Japanese precision, writing later that he had never seen "a more perfectly executed attack." ''Avocet''s gunners added to the barrage to cover the battleship's passage down the harbor. Although the ship ceased fire at 10:00, much work remained in the wake of the devastating surprise attack. She had expended 144 rounds of 3 in (76.2 mm) and 1,750 of .30 in (7.62 mm) ammunition in the battle against the attacking planes, and had suffered only two casualties: a box of ammunition coming up from the magazines had fallen on the foot of one man, and a piece of flying shrapnel had wounded another. Also during the course of the action, a sailor from the small seaplane tender , unable to return to his own ship, had reported on board for duty, and was immediately assigned a station on a .30 in (7.62 mm) machine gun. Oil from ruptured battleship fuel tanks had been set afire by fires on those ships, and the wind, from the northeast, was slowly pushing it toward ''Avocet's'' berth. Accordingly, the seaplane tender got underway at 10:45, and moored temporarily to the magazine island dock at 11:10, awaiting further orders which were not long in coming. At 11:15, she was ordered to help quell the fires still blazing on board ''California''. She spent 20 minutes fighting fires on board the battleship with the submarine rescue ship , and was then directed to proceed elsewhere. Leaving ''California'' at 12:15, she reached the side of ''Nevada'' 25 minutes later, ordered to assist in beaching the battleship and fighting her fires. Mooring to ''Nevada''s port bow at 12:40, ''Avocet'' went slowly ahead, pushing her aground at channel buoy no. 19, with fire hoses led out to her forward spaces and her signal bridge. For two hours, ''Avocet'' fought ''Nevada''s fires, and succeeded in putting them out.

References

External links

NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive – Avocet (AVP 4) – ex-AM-19 – ex-Minesweeper No. 19
{{DEFAULTSORT:Avocet, USS (AVP-4) World War II seaplane tenders of the United States Lapwing-class minesweepers 1918 ships Ships present during the attack on Pearl Harbor Lapwing-class minesweepers converted to seaplane tenders