Background
Global Positioning System (GPS) was developed by the United States Department of Defense, U.S. Department of Defense to provide all-weather round-the-clock navigation capabilities for military ground, sea, and air forces. Since its implementation, GPS has also become an integral asset in numerous civilian applications and industries around the globe, including recreational used (e.g., boating, aircraft, hiking), corporate vehicle fleet tracking, and surveying. GPS employs 24 spacecraft in 20,200 km circular orbits inclined at 55.0°. These vehicles are placed in 6 orbit planes with four operational satellites in each plane. GPS Block 2 was the operational system, following the demonstration system composed of Block 1 (Navstar 1 - 11) spacecraft. These spacecraft were Three-axis stabilization, 3-axis stabilized, nadir pointing using reaction wheels. Dual solar arrays supplied 710 watts of power. They used S band, S-band (SGLS) communications for control and telemetry and Ultra high frequency (UHF) cross-link between spacecraft. The payload consisted of two L band, L-band navigation signals at 1575.42 Hertz, MHz (L1) and 1227.60 MHz (L2). Each spacecraft carried 2 rubidium and 2 Caesium, Cesium clocks and nuclear detonation detection sensors. Built by Rockwell International, Rockwell Space Systems for the U.S. Air force, the spacecraft measured 5.3 m across with solar panels deployed and had a design life of 7.5 years.Launch
USA-83 was launched at 09:20:01 UTC on 7 July 1992, atop a Delta II launch vehicle, flight number D211, flying in the 7925-9.5 configuration. The launch took place from Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 17, Launch Complex 17B (LC-17B) at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), and placed USA-83 into a transfer orbit. The satellite raised itself into medium Earth orbit using a Star (rocket stage), Star-37XFP Apogee kick motor, apogee motor.Mission
On 6 August 1992, USA-83 was in an orbit with a apsis, perigee of , an apsis, apogee of , a orbital period, period of 717.92 minutes, and 55.0° of Orbital inclination, inclination to the equator. It has PRN 26, and operates in slot 2 of plane F of the GPS constellation. The satellite has a mass of . It had a design life of 7.5 years; however, it actually remained in service until 5 January 2015. It was retired and resides in a disposal orbit at approximately 1000 km above the operational constellation.References
{{Orbital launches in 1992 Spacecraft launched in 1992 GPS satellites USA satellites