vampire t11 wz507 g-vtii cotswoldairshow 2010 arp

A twin-boom aircraft is characterised by two

longitudinal Longitudinal is a geometric term of location which may refer to: * Longitude ** Line of longitude, also called a meridian * Longitudinal engine, an internal combustion engine in which the crankshaft is oriented along the long axis of the vehicle, ...

booms (extended

nacelle A nacelle ( ) is a "streamlined body, sized according to what it contains", such as an engine, fuel, or equipment on an aircraft. When attached by a pylon entirely outside the airframe, it is sometimes called a pod, in which case it is attache ...

-like bodies). The booms may contain ancillary items such as

fuel tank A fuel tank (also called a petrol tank or gas tank) is a safe container for flammable fluids. Though any storage tank for fuel may be so called, the term is typically applied to part of an engine system in which the fuel is stored and propelle ...

s and/or provide a supporting structure for other items. Typically, twin tailbooms support the tail surfaces, although on some types such as the Rutan Model 72 Grizzly the booms run forward of the wing. The twin-boom configuration is distinct from twin-fuselage designs in that it retains a central fuselage.

Design

The twin-boom configuration is distinct from the twin fuselage type in having a separate, short fuselage housing the pilot and payload. It has been adopted to resolve various design problems with the conventional

empennage The empennage ( or ), also known as the tail or tail assembly, is a structure at the rear of an aircraft that provides stability during flight, in a way similar to the feathers on an arrow.Crane, Dale: ''Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third e ...

for aircraft in different roles.

Engine mounting

For a single engine with a propeller in the

pusher configuration In an aircraft with a pusher configuration (as opposed to a tractor configuration), the propeller(s) are mounted behind their respective engine(s). Since a pusher propeller is mounted behind the engine, the drive shaft is in compression in n ...

or a

jet engine A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet (fluid), jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition can include Rocket engine, rocket, Pump-jet, water jet, and ...

, a conventional tail requires the propeller or exhaust to be moved far aft, requiring either a very long

driveshaft A drive shaft, driveshaft, driving shaft, tailshaft (Australian English), propeller shaft (prop shaft), or Cardan shaft (after Girolamo Cardano) is a component for transmitting mechanical power and torque and rotation, usually used to connec ...

or jet pipe and thus reducing propulsive efficiency. The twin-boom configuration allows a much shorter and more efficient installation. The Saab 21 was originally built as a pusher type and was later adapted to jet power as the 21R. In these designs, the tailplane (horizontal stabilizer) is typically high-mounted on twin tail fins to keep it clear of the engine wake. The Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne and

SpaceShipTwo The Scaled Composites Model 339 SpaceShipTwo (SS2) is an air-launched suborbital spaceplane type designed for space tourism. It is manufactured by The Spaceship Company, a California-based company owned by Virgin Galactic. SpaceShipTwo is ca ...

sub-orbital spaceplanes adopted twin booms with outboard tails or outboard horizontal stabilizers (OHS) to keep the airframe clear of the more widely-spreading rocket engine exhaust. Twin booms have also been adopted for twin-engined designs where the engine system includes bulky additional items such as turbochargers and heat exchangers, taking up a large volume of space. Examples include the

Lockheed P-38 Lightning The Lockheed P-38 Lightning is an American single-seat, twin piston-engined fighter aircraft that was used during World War II. Developed for the United States Army Air Corps by the Lockheed Corporation, the P-38 incorporated a distinctive tw ...

Field of view

For a rear observation or gunnery position to have an unobstructed field of view, placing it at the rear of a conventional tail moves it so far aft that problems arise with the centre of mass and balancing the aircraft. Getting rid of the conventional empennage allows the rear position to be located more forward, resolving the balance problem. An example is provided by the

Focke-Wulf Fw 189 The Focke-Wulf Fw 189 ''Uhu'' ("Eagle Owl") is a German twin-engine, twin-boom, three-seat tactical reconnaissance and army cooperation aircraft. It first flew in 1938 (Fw 189 V1), entered service in 1940 and was produced until mid-1944. In ad ...

. However the twin booms and bridging tailplane still obstruct the field of view to some extent and guns in this position are especially restricted in firing to the side.

Transport access

Loading and unloading large freight or cargo items such as vehicles and containers requires large access doors. In conventional designs these doors must be located at the nose or side of the fuselage, necessitating heavy reinforcement of the main structure. Side doors limit the length of an item to the width of the door and access may also be obstructed by engines or undercarriage. The twin-boom configuration allows a large door to be placed at the rear of the fuselage, free from obstruction by the tail assembly, as on the

Armstrong Whitworth AW.660 Argosy The Armstrong Whitworth Argosy was a British post-war transport/cargo aircraft; it was the final aircraft to be designed and produced by aviation company Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft. Although given different internal design numbers, the ''AW. ...

. However access to the rear door remains limited, especially for trucks backing up to it, and a high-mounted conventional rear fuselage is often preferred.

Efficiency

Twin booms typically offer greater drag than a conventional arrangement. They are also typically shallower than the fuselage and thus inherently less stiff, requiring additional reinforcement to maintain a rigid tail position in pitch. On the other hand, tip effects on the tailplane are avoided and it is supported at both ends, allowing it to be made smaller and lighter. Moreover, span loading along the wing can reduce the structural forces between the booms and thus overall weight. Some modern high-efficiency designs have twin booms which distribute the load along the wing span and/or stiffen the overall structure. Capable of flying non-stop round the world, the Rutan Voyager was a canard design with tractor propeller, in which the twin booms extended forwards to brace the foreplane as well as aft to support twin fins. The later

Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer The Scaled Composites Model 311 Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer ( registered N277SF) is an aircraft designed by Burt Rutan in which Steve Fossett first flew a solo nonstop airplane flight around the world in slightly more than 67 hours (2 days 19 h ...

was jet propelled but with a similar range, still with large twin booms to accommodate the jet fuel in a lightweight span-loaded structure, but with a small conventional tail on each boom.

History

Twin boom designs can trace their history back to the lattices of booms used on many early boxkite aircraft. With the recognition of the tremendous drag these imposed, more compact structures covered in fabric were developed during the

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...

. Prime examples include the Caproni series of trimotor bombers. Around the same time, the first wooden

monocoque Monocoque ( ), also called structural skin, is a structural system in which loads are supported by an object's external skin, in a manner similar to an egg shell. The word ''monocoque'' is a French term for "single shell". First used for boats, ...

fuselages appeared, and it wasn't long before this technique was applied to provide twin booms. Possibly the first of these was the pre-war Nieuport pusher, which used paper impregnated with

Bakelite Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, better known as Bakelite ( ), is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. The first plastic made from synthetic components, it was developed ...

however the most successful were the AGO C.I and C.II which used a more conventional wooden shell, built up from strips of wood glued over a form. With the development of

aluminium Aluminium (aluminum in American and Canadian English) is a chemical element with the symbol Al and atomic number 13. Aluminium has a density lower than those of other common metals, at approximately one third that of steel. It ha ...

stressed skin monocoques later in World War I, the same technique was extended to twin boom designs, beginning in the 1920s. Most of the early designs used twin booms to clear a rear mounted propeller, however even in World War I, several larger aircraft used them to provide a gunner with the ability to cover the underside of the tail without having to have the weight at the very extreme end of the aircraft where it posed balance and control problems. Only in World War II, with the increasing prevalence of transporting bulky items and vehicles by air was the utility of a rear door, in line with the cabin to ease loading realized, and with it, the utility of moving the rear fuselage structure to the sides to avoid excessive height in the rear fuselage as on the

Gotha Go 242 The Gotha Go 242 was a transport glider used by the '' Luftwaffe'' during World War II. It was an upgrade over the DFS 230 in both cargo/troop capacity and flight characteristics. It saw limited combat action. There were multiple variants. De ...

glider. With the beginning of the jet age, the need for clearance for the propeller was replaced with the need to provide a clear path for hot exhaust gases. Jet engine efficiency was hampered by long intake and exhaust trunks, as were used on many early designs, and one solution was to use twin booms to shorten the exhaust trunking to the minimum, such as de Havilland used on their successful

Vampire A vampire is a mythical creature that subsists by feeding on the Vitalism, vital essence (generally in the form of blood) of the living. In European folklore, vampires are undead, undead creatures that often visited loved ones and caused mi ...

and

Venom Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a st ...

jet fighters. A small number of designs used twin booms for other reasons, most notable being the

, whose booms contained the overly lengthy engine turbo-superchargers, which would have made for an unusually long nacelle. The final use for a twin boom to be developed was in tying together very high aspect ratio wings and canards as on the Rutan Voyager, to reduce flexing, and the weight needed to otherwise constrain it. Also, by having the mass from most of the fuel mid-span, it reduces the forces on the wings considerably, much in the same manner mounting the engines mid-span on most jet transports does. Despite these anticipated benefits, twin booms remain unusual. For most cases, the booms are less efficient structurally in providing pitch stiffness, and produce more drag. In the case of those using twin booms to improve the field of fire downwards, it severely reduces it laterally, and often directly astern. For transports, the booms may facilitate access to the fuselage, but trucks then have to be extremely careful to not hit parts of the aircraft that they are then getting closer to. As a result, the C-119 remained an anomaly, and most successful post-war transports, such as the

C-130 Hercules The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is an American four-engine turboprop military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed (now Lockheed Martin). Capable of using unprepared runways for takeoffs and landings, the C-130 was originally desi ...

, reverted to a single rear fuselage.

List of twin-boom aircraft

, - , AAI RQ-7 Shadow, , US, , UAV, , UAV, , 1991, , , , , , , - , Abrams P-1 Explorer, , US, , Propeller, , Survey, , 1937, , Prototype, , , , , - , AD Seaplane Type 1000, , UK, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - , Adam A500, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 2002, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Adam A700 The Adam A700 AdamJet was a proposed six-seat civil utility aircraft developed by Adam Aircraft Industries starting in 2003. The aircraft was developed in parallel with the generally similar Adam A500, although while that aircraft is piston-eng ...

, , US, , Jet, , Transport, , 2003 , , Prototype, , , , , - ,

ADI Condor The ADI Condor was a motor glider of unusual configuration built in the United States in 1981. While most motor gliders follow traditional sailplane layout, the Condor was of twin-boom configuration, with twin, inwardly canted tail fins joined at ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Motor glider, , 1981 , , Prototype, , , , , - , AeroRIK Dingo, , Russia, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1997, , Prototype, , -5, , , - , AGO C.I, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1915 , , Production, , , , , - , AGO C.II, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1915 , , Production, , , , , - , AHRLAC Holdings Ahrlac, , South Africa, , Propeller, , Attack, , 2014, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Air Utility AU-18 The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, known collectively as air, retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere. The atmosphere of Earth protects life on Earth by creating pressure allowing for ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1945, , Prototype, , , , , - , Airmaster Avalon 680, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1983, , Prototype, , , , , , - ,

Airsport Song The Airsport Song is a Czech ultralight aircraft, designed by Marek Ivanov and produced by Airsport of Zbraslavice. Design and development The aircraft was designed to comply with the LTF-L 120 kg, US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles and Englis ...

, , Czech Republic , , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 2009 , , Production, , unk., , , - ,

AISA GN __NOTOC__ The AISA GN was a prototype four-seat autogyro developed in Spain between 1971 and 1982. it featured an extensively-glazed cabin fitted with a pusher engine and tricycle undercarriage. A separate tail fin was carried at the end of two ...

, , Spain, , Autogyro, , Utility, , 1982, , Prototype, , , , , - , Akaflieg Stuttgart fs28 Avispa, , Germany, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1972, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Alaparma Baldo The Alaparma Baldo was an unusual two-seat light monoplane produced in Italy shortly after World War II. Designed by Adriano Mantelli, it featured an egg-shaped fuselage with cabin doors that hinged upwards and to the back. The conventional tai ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1949, , Production, , ca., , , - , Alenia Aermacchi Sky-Y, , Italy, , UAV, , UAV, , 2007, , , , , , , - , American Gyro AG-4 Crusader, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1935, , Prototype, , , , , - , Antonov LEM-2/OKA-33, , USSR, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1937, , Prototype, , , , , - , Anderson Greenwood AG-14, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - , ANTEX-M, , Portugal, , UAV, , UAV, , 2002, , , , , , , - , Antonov A-40, , USSR, , Glider, , Transport, , 1942, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Arado E.340 The Arado Ar E.340 was a twin-engined dive- and tactical-medium bomber, designed by Arado Flugzeugwerke at the request of the Reich Air Ministry in 1939 to compete for a production contract for the ''Bomber B'' fast bomber design competition, but ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Bomber, , n/a, , Project, , , , , - ,

Armstechno NITI NITI ( bg, НИТИ) is a very light-weight, stealthy remote-controlled Bulgarian unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). It has been designed and constructed in 2006 by Armstechno Ltd. It mounts a color surveillance camera, a thermal vision camera, and ha ...

, , Bulgaria, , UAV, , UAV, , 2006, , , , , , , - ,

, , UK, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1959, , Production, , , , , - ,

Arpin A-1 __NOTOC__ The Arpin A-1 was a two-seat low-wing monoplane which was powered by a single radial engine in pusher configuration, mounted behind the cabin between twin booms that carried the tail. An unconventional fixed tricycle undercarriage was ...

, , UK, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1938, , Prototype, , , , , - , AVE Mizar, , US, , Propeller, , Flying car, , 1973, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

BAE Systems Phoenix The BAE Systems Phoenix (originally GEC-Marconi Phoenix) was an all-weather, day or night, real-time surveillance Unmanned Air Vehicle. It had a twin-boom UAV with a surveillance pod, from which the imagery was data linked to a ground contro ...

, , UK, , UAV, , UAV, , 1986, , , , , , , - , BAE Systems SkyEye, , UK, , UAV, , UAV, , 1973, , , , , , , - , BAT Crow, , UK, , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 1920, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Baykar Bayraktar TB2 The Bayraktar TB2 is a medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) capable of remotely controlled or autonomous flight operations. It is manufactured by the Turkish company Baykar Makina Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş ...

, , Turkey, , UAV, , UAV, , 2014, , , , , , , - ,

Baykar Bayraktar TB3 The Baykar Bayraktar TB3 is a Turkish medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) capable of short-range landing and take-off, produced by Baykar. It is currently being developed due to the lack of aircraft to be d ...

, , Turkey, , UAV, , UAV, , 2022, , Project, , , , , - ,

Bell XP-52 The Bell XP-52 and subsequent XP-59 were World War II fighter aircraft design projects by the American Bell Aircraft Corporation. Both projects featured a twin-boom layout with a rear-mounted engine driving pusher contra-rotating propellers. ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1940, , Project, , , , , - , Belyayev EOI, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1939, , Project, , , , , - , Bendix 51 & 51A, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1945, , Prototype, , , , , - , Bestetti BN.1, , Italy, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1940, , Prototype, , , , , - , Blériot 125, , France, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1931, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Blohm & Voss BV 138 The Blohm & Voss BV 138 ''Seedrache'' (Sea Dragon), but nicknamed ''Der Fliegende Holzschuh'' ("flying clog",Nowarra 1997, original German title of the Schiffer book. from the side-view shape of its fuselage, as well as a play on the title of th ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1937, , Production, , , , , - ,

Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack The Boeing Insitu RQ-21 Blackjack, company name Integrator, is an American unmanned air vehicle designed and built by Boeing Insitu to meet a United States Navy requirement for a small tactical unmanned air system (STUAS). It is a twin-boom, s ...

, , US, , UAV, , UAV, , 2012, , , , , , , - , Bryan Autoplane, , US, , Propeller, , Flying car, , 1953, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Bryant Dole Racer Bryant may refer to: Organizations * Bryant Bank, a bank in Alabama, United States * Bryant Electric Company, an American manufacturer of electrical components * Bryant Homes, a British house builder, part of Taylor Woodrow * Bryant University ...

Angel of Los Angeles, , US, , Propeller, , Racer, , 1927, , Prototype, , , , , - , Burnelli CBY-3, , Canada, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1944, , Prototype, , , , , - , Burnelli GX-3, , US, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1929, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Burnelli UB-14 The Burnelli UB-14, also known as the Cunliffe-Owen Clyde Clipper, was a 1930s American prototype lifting-fuselage airliner designed and built by Vincent Burnelli. Design and development Following on from his earlier designs Vincent Burnelli d ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1934, , Prototype, , , , , - , Burnelli UB-20, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1930, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Buscaylet-de Monge 7-4 The Buscaylet-de Monge 7-4 was a small, French, twin-boom aircraft without a fuselage, built in the mid-1920s to explore the characteristics of a proposed larger machine. Design and development The de Monge 7-4 was designed and built to provid ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1923, , Prototype, , , , , - , Buscaylet-de Monge 7-5, , France, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1925, , Prototype, , , , , - , Campbell Model F, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1935, , Prototype, , , , , - , Canaero Toucan, , Canada, , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 1983, , Production, , +, , , - , Caproni Ca.1, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1914, , Production, , , , , - ,

Caproni Ca.2 __NOTOC__ The Caproni Ca.2 was an Italian heavy bomber of the World War I era. Development The Ca.2 was a minor development of the Caproni Ca.1 twin-boom bomber of 1914. It had become evident early in the Ca.1's service life that the design co ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1915, , Production, , , , , - , Caproni Ca.3, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1916, , Production, , -383, , , - ,

Caproni Ca.4 The Caproni Ca.4 was an Italian heavy bomber of the World War I era. Development After designing the successful Ca.3, Gianni Caproni of the Caproni works designed a much bigger aircraft. It shared the unusual layout of the Caproni Ca.3, bein ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1917, , Production, , -53, , , - ,

Caproni Ca.5 The Caproni Ca.5 was an Italian heavy bomber of World War I and the postwar era. It was the final version of the series of aircraft that began with the Caproni Ca.1 in 1914. Development By late World War I, developments in aircraft technology ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1917, , Production, , , , , - ,

Caproni Ca.37 The Caproni Ca.37 was a ground attack aircraft designed and built in Italy by Caproni around 1916 Design and development During 1916 Caproni embarked on the design of a small light ground attack aircraft which followed the design philosophy of ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Caproni Ca.61 The Caproni Ca.61 was an Italian heavy day bomber aircraft of 1922. It was the final development of the Caproni three engine, twin boom biplane types developed during World War I, but it was not put into production. Development The Caproni Ca ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1922, , Prototype, , -2, , , - , CarterCopter, , US, , Autogyro, , Transport, , 1998, , Prototype, , , , , - , Celier Xenon 2, , Poland, , Autogyro, , Utility, , 2005, , Production, , +, , , - , Cessna Skymaster, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1961, , Production, , , , , - , Cessna XMC, , US, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1971, , Prototype, , , , , - , Commuter Craft Innovator, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 2015, , Prototype, , , , , - , Conroy Stolifter, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1968, , Prototype, , , , , - , Continental KB-1, , US, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - , Convair 106 Skycoach, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1946, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Convair Model 48 Charger The Convair Model 48 Charger was a prototype light attack and observation aircraft of the 1960s, developed to meet a requirement for a dedicated counter-insurgency (COIN) aircraft. It was a two-seat, twin-boom aircraft powered by two turboprop ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1964, , Prototype, , , , , - , Creative Flight Aerocat, , Canada, , Propeller, , Transport, , 2001, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Cunliffe-Owen OA-1 The Burnelli UB-14, also known as the Cunliffe-Owen Clyde Clipper, was a 1930s American prototype lifting-fuselage airliner designed and built by Vincent Burnelli. Design and development Following on from his earlier designs Vincent Burnelli ...

, , UK, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - , Curtis Wright 21, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Curtiss Autoplane The Curtiss Autoplane, invented by Glenn Curtiss in 1917, is widely considered the first attempt to build a roadable aircraft. Although the vehicle was capable of lifting off the ground, it never achieved full flight. Development and design The ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Flying car, , 1917, , Project, , , , , - , Curtiss CT, , US, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1921, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

De Havilland Sea Vixen The de Havilland DH.110 Sea Vixen is a British twin-engine, twin boom-tailed, two-seat, carrier-based fleet air-defence fighter flown by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm during the 1950s through to the early 1970s. The Sea Vixen was designed by ...

, , UK, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1951, , Production, , , , , - ,

De Havilland Vampire The de Havilland Vampire is a British jet fighter which was developed and manufactured by the de Havilland Aircraft Company. It was the second jet fighter to be operated by the RAF, after the Gloster Meteor, and the first to be powered by ...

, , UK, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1943, , Production, , , , , - , De Havilland Venom & Sea Venom, , UK, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1952, , Production, , , , , - , De Schelde S.20, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Trainer, , 1940, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

De Schelde S.21 The De Schelde S.21 was a proposed Dutch fighter of the late 1930s and early 1940s. It was a single-seat, single-engined, pusher monoplane. A single prototype was under construction in 1940, but work was abandoned due to the German invasion. ...

, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1940, , Project, , , , , - , Difoga 421, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1946, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Dyle et Bacalan DB-70 The Dyle et Bacalan DB-70 was a large three engine French airliner with a thick airfoil centre section which accommodated the passengers. Two fuselages, part of the centre section at the front but distinct further aft, carried the empennage. Fi ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1929, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Doblhoff WNF 342 __NOTOC__ The Doblhoff/WNF 342 was the first helicopter to take off and land using tip jets to drive the rotor. Development The WNF 342 was designed for a German Navy requirement for an observation platform for use from small ships and submarines ...

, , Germany, , Helicopter, , Reconnaissance, , 1943, , Prototype, , , , , - , DRDO Nishant, , India, , UAV, , UAV, , 1996, , , , , , , - ,

Edgley Optica The Edgley EA-7 Optica is a British light aircraft designed for low-speed observation work, and intended as a low-cost alternative to helicopters. The Optica has a loiter speed of 130 km/h (70 kn; 81 mph) and a stall speed of 108& ...

, , UK, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1979, , Production, , , , , - , Eldred Flyer's Dream, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1946, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Emsco B-8 Flying Wing The Emsco B-8 was a two-seat, single-engine, low-wing, twin boom experimental aircraft designed by Charles F. Rocheville in 1930 while he was vice president of Emsco Aircraft Corporation, Long Beach, California. Development Rocheville sough ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Record, , 1930, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Fairchild C-82 Packet The C-82 Packet is a twin-engine, twin-boom cargo aircraft designed and built by Fairchild Aircraft. It was used briefly by the United States Army Air Forces and the successor United States Air Force following World War II. Design and develo ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1944, , Production, , , , , - ,

Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar (Navy and Marine Corps designation R4Q) was an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechan ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1947, , Production, , , , , - ,

Fairchild XC-120 Packplane The Fairchild XC-120 Packplane was an American experimental modular aircraft first flown in 1950. It was developed from the company's C-119 Flying Boxcar, and was unique in the unconventional use of removable cargo pods that were attached below ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1950, , Prototype, , , , , - , Fieseler Fi 168, , Germany, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1938, , Project, , , , , - ,

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1938, , Production, , , , , - ,

Focke-Wulf Flitzer The Focke-Wulf ''Flitzer'' ("streaker" or "dasher", sometimes incorrectly translated as "madcap") was a jet fighter under development in Germany at the end of World War II. Development The design, also called Entwurf VI, had a central fuselage ...

, , Germany, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1944, , Project, , , , , - ,

Focke-Wulf Project VIII __NOTOC__ The Focke-Wulf ''Peterle'' was a design study for a turboprop-powered fighter-bomber A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft. It differs from bomber a ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Fighter, , n/a, , Project, , , , , - , Fokker D.XXIII, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Fokker F.25 The Fokker F.25 Promotor, first flown in 1946, was a single-engined, twin-boomed, four-seat passenger monoplane with a pusher engine mounted at the rear of a central nacelle. It was of wooden construction and has fitted with a retractable nosewh ...

, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1946, , Production, , , , , - ,

Fokker G.I The Fokker G.I was a Dutch twin-engined heavy fighter aircraft comparable in size and role to the German Messerschmitt Bf 110. Although in production prior to World War II, its combat introduction came at a time the Netherlands were overrun by t ...

, , Netherlands, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1937, , Production, , , , , - , Friedrichshafen FF.34, , Germany, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - , General Airborne XCG-16, , US, , Glider, , Transport, , 1943, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

General Aircraft Cagnet The General Aircraft GAL.33 Cagnet was a British light trainer aircraft designed by General Aircraft Ltd which flew from 1939 to 1941. Only one example was constructed. Design The Cagnet was a two-seat pusher propeller aircraft. The side-by-s ...

, , UK, , Propeller, , Trainer, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - , General Aircraft GAL.47, , UK, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1940, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Ghods Mohajer The Qods Mohajer ( fa, مهاجر, "Immigrant"; loanword is Arabic for "holy migrant" or "sacred migrant") is an Iranian single-engine tactical unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) built by the Qods Aviation Industry Company in four main variants fro ...

, , Iran, , UAV, , UAV, , 1981, , , , , , , - ,

, , Germany, , Glider, , Transport, , 1941, , Production, , , , , - ,

Gotha Go 244 The Gotha Go 244 was a transport aircraft used by the ''Luftwaffe'' during World War II. Development The Go 244 was the powered version of the Gotha Go 242 military glider transport. Studies for powered versions of the Go 242 began early in the ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1942, , Production, , , , , - , Gotha WD.3, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1915, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Grahame-White Ganymede The Grahame-White Ganymede was a prototype British heavy night bomber intended to serve with the Royal Air Force in the First World War. A large, three-engined, twin-boom biplane, the sole prototype Ganymede did not fly until after the war had ...

, , UK, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1918, , Prototype, , , , , - , Groen Hawk 4, , US, , Autogyro, , Utility, , 1997, , Prototype, , , , , - , Grokhovsky G-37, , USSR, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1934, , Prototype, , , , , - , Grokhovsky G-38, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter-bomber, , 1934, , Project, , , , , - , Grokhovsky G-39 Cucaracha, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1935, , Prototype, , , , , - , Häfeli DH-1, , Switzerland, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1916, , Production, , , , , - , Hanriot H.110 & H.115, , France, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1933, , Prototype, , , , , - , Henderson H.S.F.1, , UK, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1929, , Prototype, , , , , - , Heston JC.6, , UK, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - , Hughes D-2, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter-bomber, , 1942, , Prototype, , , , , - , Hughes XF-11, , US, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1946, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

HWL Pegaz HWL Pegaz was the first Polish post-war motor glider, a single-seat mid-wing monoplane with a pusher propeller and twin tail boom, which was designed and constructed by Tadeusz Chyliński and was built in Warsaw-Goclaw Aircraft Plant 6.*''The 85t ...

, , Poland, , Propeller, , Motor glider, , 1949, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Hydra Technologies Ehécatl The S4 Ehécatl is an unmanned aerial vehicle developed and manufactured by Hydra Technologies of Mexico which, except for its infrared thermal sensor system, is the first of its type to be completely designed and manufactured in Mexico. It is na ...

, , Mexico, , UAV, , UAV, , 2006, , , , , , , - ,

IAI Arava The Israeli Aircraft Industries Arava ( he, עֲרָבָה, "Willow" or "Steppe" of "Desert", named after the Aravah of the Jordan Rift Valley) is a light STOL utility transport aircraft developed and produced by Israeli aerospace company Isr ...

, , Israel, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1969, , Production, , , , , - ,

IAI Heron The IAI Heron (Machatz-1) is a medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) developed by the Malat (UAV) division of Israel Aerospace Industries. It is capable of Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) operations of up to 52 ...

, , Israel, , UAV, , UAV, , 1994, , , , , , , - ,

IAI Scout The IAI Scout (known in Israel under its Hebrew name זהבן - " Oriole") is a reconnaissance unmanned air vehicle developed in Israel in the 1970s by Israel Aircraft Industries as a competitor to the Tadiran Mastiff. The project was led by Cha ...

, , Israel, , UAV, , UAV, , 1981, , , , , , , - ,

IAI Searcher The IAI Searcher (also known by the Hebrew name מרומית ''Meyromit'' - "Marsh tern", or officially in Israel as the חוגלה ''Hugla'' - "Alectoris") is a reconnaissance UAV developed in Israel in the 1980s. In the following decade, it re ...

, , Israel, , UAV, , UAV, , 1992, , , , , , , - ,

Ikarus 452M The Ikarus 452 was an experimental jet aircraft built in Yugoslavia in 1953. It was a stubby mid-wing cantilever monoplane of pod-and-boom configuration, with twin jets mounted one atop the other at the rear of the fuselage nacelle, with separate ...

, , Yugoslavia, , Jet, , Experimental, , 1953, , Prototype, , , , , - , Ion Aircraft Ion, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 2007, , Prototype, , , , , - , I.S.T. XL-15 Tagak, , Philippines, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1954, , Prototype, , , , , - , Johns Multiplane, , US, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1919, , Prototype, , , , , - , Kalinin K-7, , USSR, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1933, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Kaman HH-43 Huskie The Kaman HH-43 Huskie is a helicopter with intermeshing rotors used by the United States Air Force, the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps from the 1950s until the 1970s. It was primarily used for aircraft firefighting a ...

, , US, , Helicopter, , Utility, , 1947, , Production, , , , , - , Kamov Ka-26, , USSR, , Helicopter, , Utility, , 1965, , Production, , , , , - ,

Kamov Ka-126 The Kamov Ka-126 (NATO reporting name Hoodlum) is a Soviet light utility helicopter with co-axial rotors. Evolved from Ka-26 with engine pods removed from stub wings, fitted with one TVO-100 turboshaft engine positioned on top of fuselage, mod ...

, , USSR, , Helicopter, , Utility, , 1988, , Production, , , , , - , Kamov Ka-226, , Russia, , Helicopter, , Utility, , 1997, , Production, , , , , - , Kingsford Smith PL.7, , Australia, , Propeller, , Agricultural, , 1956, , Prototype, , , , , - , Kokusai Ki-105 Otori, , Japan, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1945, , Prototype, , , , , - , Kokusai Ku-7, , Japan, , Glider, , Transport, , 1942, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Kortenbach & Rauh Kora 1 The Kortenbach & Rauh Kora 1 was an unusual twin boom, pusher configuration motor glider, designed and built in Germany in the 1970s and intended as a training aircraft. Design and development The Kora was a two-seat side by side motorglider ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Motor glider, , 1973, , Prototype, , , , , - , Larkin Skylark, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1973, , Prototype, , , , , - , Lawrence Special, , US, , Propeller, , Racer, , 1949, , Prototype, , , , , - , Levasseur PL.200/201, , France, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1935, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1939, , Production, , , , , - , Lockheed XP-49, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1942, , Prototype, , , , , - , Lockheed XP-58 Chain Lightning, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1944, , Prototype, , , , , - , Lloyd 40.08 Luftkreuzer, , Germany, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - , LWF model H Owl, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1919, , Prototype, , , , , - , Maeda Ku-1, , Japan, , Glider, , Trainer, , 1941, , Production, , , , , - , Macchi M.12, , Italy, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1918, , Production, , ca., , , - , Mansyū Ki-98, , Japan, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1945, , Prototype, , , , , - , McCulloch J-2, , US, , Autogyro, , Utility, , 1962, , Production, , +, , , - , McDonnell XV-1, , US, , Autogyro, , Experimental, , 1954, , Prototype, , , , , - , McGaffey Aviate, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1935, , Prototype, , , , , - , Millet Lagarde ML-10, , France, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1949, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Mikoyan MiG-110 The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-110 (russian: МиГ-110) was a proposed Russian passenger/cargo aircraft that began development in 1995 but was not built. It would have been a high-mounted cantilever monoplane with a pod-and-boom configuration with a bea ...

, , Russia, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1995, , Project, , , , , - ,

Mirach 26 The Mirach 26 is a reconnaissance UAV developed in Italy during the 1990s, based on the Mirach 20 target drone. The initial work on the design was carried out by Meteor CAE before this company was absorbed by Galileo Avionica, than Selex ES (me ...

, , Italy, , UAV, , UAV, , 1992, , , , , , , - , Mitsubishi J4M, , Japan, , Propeller, , Fighter, , n/a, , Project, , , , , - , Moskalyev SAM-13, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1940, , Prototype, , , , , - , Moskalyev SAM-23, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1943, , Project, , , , , - , Myasishchev M-17 and M-55, , USSR, , Jet, , Reconnaissance, , 1978, , Production, , +, , , - , Nieuport seaplane pusher, , France, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1913, , Prototype, , , , , - , Nord Noratlas, , France, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1949, , Production, , , , , - , North American OV-10 Bronco, , US, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1965, , Production, , , , , - , Northrop F-15 Reporter, , US, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1945, , Production, , , , , - ,

Northrop Flying Wing Northrop may refer to: Businesses * Northrop Corporation, an American aircraft manufacturer formed in 1939 * Northrop Grumman, an American aircraft manufacturer formed in 1994 as a merger of the above company with Grumman * Northrop Loom, an Americ ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1929, , Prototype, , , , , - , Northrop Grumman Firebird, , US, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 2010, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Northrop P-61 Black Widow The Northrop P-61 Black Widow is a twin-engine United States Army Air Forces fighter aircraft of World War II. It was the first operational U.S. warplane designed as a night fighter, and the first aircraft designed specifically as a night figh ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1942, , Production, , , , , - , NPO Molniya Molniya-1, , Russia, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1992, , Prototype, , , , , - , OMA SUD Skycar, , Italy, , Propeller, , Utility, , 2007, , Prototype, , , , , - , Otto C.I, , Germany, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1915, , Production, , , , , - , PAL-V, , Netherlands, , Helicopter, , Flying car, , 2012, , Prototype, , , , , - , Piper PA-7 Skycoupe, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1944, , Prototype, , , , , - , Pitcairn XO-61, , US, , Autogyro, , Reconnaissance, , 1943, , Prototype, , , , , - , Pocino PJ.1A, , France, , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 1989, , Prototype, , , , , - , Portsmouth Aerocar, , UK, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - , Potez 75, , France, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1953, , Prototype, , , , , - , Praga E-51, , Czechoslovakia, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1938, , Prototype, , , , , - , Puget Pacific Wheelair III-A, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - , PZL M-15 Belphegor, , Poland, , Jet, , Agricultural, , 1973, , Production, , , , , - , PZL M-17, , Poland, , Propeller, , Trainer, , 1973, , Prototype, , , , , - , Rice Knowlton Volante, , US, , Propeller, , Flying Car, , 1981, , Prototype, , , , , - , Rutan Grizzly, , US, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1982, , Prototype, , , , , - , Rocheville Arctic Tern, , US, , Propeller, , Record, , 1932, , Prototype, , , , , - , Rotor Flight Dynamics LFINO, , US, , Autogyro, , Experimental, , 2006, , Prototype, , , , , - , RTAF-5, , Thailand, , Propeller, , Trainer, , 1984, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

RUAG Ranger RUAG Holding (originally Rüstungs Unternehmen Aktiengesellschaft; Joint Stock Defence Company) is a Swiss company specialising in aerospace engineering and the defence industry. Its headquarters are located in Bern, while it also has numerous p ...

, , Switzerland / Israel, , UAV, , UAV, , 1999, , , , , , , - , Rutan Voyager, , US, , Propeller, , Record, , 1984, , Production, , , , , - ,

S-TEC Sentry The S-TEC Sentry is a reconnaissance unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (or drone), developed in the United States in the 1980s. Built by S-TEC systems of Texas (now part of DRS Unmanned Technologies), it is a battlefield mini-UAV in roughly the same ...

, , US, , UAV, , UAV, , 1986, , , , , , , - , Saab 21, , Sweden, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1943, , Production, , , , , - , Saab 21R, , Sweden, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1947, , Production, , , , , - ,

SAB AB-20 The SAB AB-20 was a large four engine twin boom French bomber built in the early 1930s as a development of the Dyle et Bacalan DB-70 airliner. It featured a lifting body of thick airfoil section between the inner engines. It was later modifie ...

& 21, , France, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1932, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Sadler Vampire The Sadler SV-1 Vampire is a single-seat ultralight sport aircraft developed in the United States in the early 1980s.''Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1985–86'', p.677 It is uncharacteristic of ultralight designs in both its layout and its co ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 1982, , Production, , unk., , , - , SAIMAN LB.2, , Italy, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1937, , Prototype, , , , , - , Savoia-Marchetti S.64, , Italy, , Propeller, , Record, , 1928, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Savoia-Marchetti S.65 The Savoia-Marchetti S.65 was an Italian racing seaplane built for the 1929 Schneider Trophy race. Design and development The S.65 was a single-seat twin-engine floatplane of low-wing monoplane configuration with two floats. Its tailplane was su ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Racer, , 1929, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Savoia-Marchetti SM.88 The Savoia-Marchetti SM.88, was an Italian twin-engined, three-seat, heavy fighter prototype of World War II, featuring a twin-boom structure, and powered by German Daimler-Benz DB 601 engines. The SM.88, intended for export, was a land-based, ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Savoia-Marchetti SM.91 The Savoia-Marchetti SM.91 was a two-seat, twin-engined, Italian heavy fighter prototype, designed to compete in a 1942 revision to a long-range fighter-bomber contract offered by the ''Regia Aeronautica'' to Italian aircraft companies in 1938. The ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Fighter-bomber, , 1943, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Scaled Composites ARES The Scaled Composites ARES is a demonstrator aircraft built by Scaled Composites. ARES is an acronym for ''Agile Responsive Effective Support''. Development In 1981, U.S. Army Aviators Jim Kreutz and Milo Burroughs undertook a study for a ''lo ...

, , US, , Jet, , Attack, , 1990, , Prototype, , , , , - , Scaled Composites ATTT, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1986, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Scaled Composites Pond Racer The Scaled Composites Pond Racer (Company designation Model 158) was a twin-engine twin-boom aircraft developed for Bob Pond by Burt Rutan and his company Scaled Composites. Reason for creation Bob Pond commissioned the design with the idea of de ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Racer, , 1991, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Scaled Composites Proteus The Scaled Composites Model 281 Proteus is a tandem-wing high-altitude long-endurance aircraft designed by Burt Rutan to investigate the use of aircraft as high-altitude telecommunications relays. The Proteus is a multi-mission vehicle able to ...

, , US, , Jet, , Experimental, , 1991, , Prototype, , , , , - , Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne, , US, , Rocket, , Spaceplane, , 2003, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Scaled Composites SpaceShipTwo The Scaled Composites Model 339 SpaceShipTwo (SS2) is an air-launched suborbital spaceplane type designed for space tourism. It is manufactured by The Spaceship Company, a California-based company owned by Virgin Galactic. SpaceShipTwo is car ...

, , US, , Rocket, , Spaceplane, , 2010, , Prototype, , , , , - , Scaled Composites White Knight, , US, , Jet, , Transport, , 2002, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Schneider Sch-10M The Schneider Sch.10M was an all-metal, twin-boom, twin-engine French aircraft from the mid-1920s, intended as a bomber and with strong defensive armament. Only one was built. Design and development The Schneider Sch-10M was an unusual aircraft ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1925, , Prototype, , , , , - , Schwade Kampfeinsitzer Nr 2, , Germany, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1916, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Schweizer RU-38 Twin Condor The Schweizer RU-38 Twin Condor is a two or three-seat, fixed gear, low wing, twin boom covert reconnaissance aircraft. RU-38 is the US military designation for the aircraft, indicating ''Utility, Reconnaissance''. The Schweizer company model n ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1995, , Prototype, , , , , - , SECAN Courlis, , France, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1946, , Production, , , , , - ,

Selex ES Falco The Falco ( English: hawk) is a tactical unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed and produced by Selex ES (now Leonardo formerly Leonardo-Finmeccanica and Finmeccanica, originally by Galileo Avionica of Italy). The UAV is designed to be a medi ...

, , Italy, , UAV, , UAV, , 2003, , , , , , , - ,

SIAI-Marchetti FN.333 Riviera The Nardi FN.333 Riviera, later the SIAI-Marchetti FN.333 Riviera, is an Italian luxury touring amphibious aircraft designed and developed by Fratelli Nardi in the 1950s and produced in small numbers by Savoia-Marchetti during the following decade ...

, , Italy, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1952, , Production, , , , , - ,

Siemens-Schuckert L.I The Siemens-Schuckert L.I was a large, three-engined biplane bomber aircraft, built in Germany towards the end of World War I. It was a twin boom design, strongly influenced by the successful Caproni Ca.3. Three were built but not used operati ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1918, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Siemens-Schuckert R.I The Siemens-Schuckert R.I was a bomber aircraft built in Germany during World War I.Taylor 1989, p.808''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft'', p.2920 It was originally ordered as the Siemens-Schuckert G.I prior to the German Inspectorate of ...

, , Germany, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1915, , Prototype, , , , , - , Sikorsky S-38, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1928, , Production, , , , , - ,

Sikorsky S-39 The Sikorsky S-39 is an American light amphibious aircraft produced by Sikorsky Aircraft during the early 1930s. The S-39 was a smaller, single-engine version of the S-38. Operational history Spirit of Africa Filmmakers Martin and Osa Johnson u ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1929, , Production, , +, , , - ,

Sikorsky S-40 The Sikorsky S-40 was an American amphibious flying boat built by Sikorsky in the early 1930s for Pan American Airways. Design and development Sikorsky designed the S-40 in response to a request from Juan Trippe, president of Pan American Air ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1931, , Production, , , , , - , Sikorsky S-41, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1930, , Production, , , , , - ,

SIPA S.200 Minijet The SIPA S.200 Minijet was a light sporting jet aircraft designed and produced by the French aircraft manufacturer Société Industrielle Pour l’Aéronautique (SIPA). It is designed to perform liaison, training, and aerobatic flights. The Minij ...

, , France, , Jet, , Trainer, , 1952, , Prototype, , , , , - , Škoda Kauba Sk V6, , Czechoslovakia, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1944, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

SNCAC NC.1070 The SNCAC NC.1070 was a piston engined attack and torpedo bomber designed and built in France shortly after World War II. The second prototype, the NC1071, was the first French multi-jet turbine powered aircraft. Design and development Buil ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Attack, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - , SNCAC NC.1071, , France, , Jet, , Attack, , 1948, , Prototype, , , , , - , SNCASO SO.8000 Narval, , France, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1949, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

SPCA 30 The SPCA 30, also known as SPCA Type III, was a French bomber aircraft built by the Société Provençale de Constructions Aéronautiques (SPCA). Development and design In 1928, the French '' Service Technique de l'Aéronautique'' (the governm ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1931, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Spectrum SA-550 The Basler Turbo 37/Spectrum SA-550 is a twin-boom single engined aircraft converted from a Reims/Cessna FTB337G Skymaster by Basler Turbo Conversions and Spectrum Aircraft Corporation. The aircraft first flew on 1 February 1983. Design and de ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1983, , Prototype, , +, , , - , Stearman-Hammond Y-1, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1931, , Production, , ca., , , - , Stout Skycar, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1941, , Prototype, , , , , - , Sukhoi Su-12, , USSR, , Propeller, , Reconnaissance, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Sukhoi Su-80 The Sukhoi Su-80 (formerly known as the Sukhoi S-80) is a Russian twin-turboprop, twin-boom STOL transport aircraft. Design and development The Su-80 program was supposed to start in the late 1990s, but due to lack of funds, it was postponed fo ...

, , Russia, , Propeller, , Transport, , 2001, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Tachikawa Ki-94 The Tachikawa Ki-94 was a single-seat fighter-Interceptor aircraft project undertaken by the Tachikawa Aircraft Company and to be operated by the Imperial Japanese Army. The project refers to two aircraft designs: the Ki-94-I and the Ki-94-II, ...

-I, , Japan, , Propeller, , Fighter, , n/a, , Project, , , , , - , TAI Baykuş, , Turkey, , UAV, , UAV, , 2003, , , , , , , - , Teledyne Ryan Model 410, , US, , UAV, , UAV, , 1988, , , , , , , - ,

Terrafugia Transition The Terrafugia Transition is a light sport, roadable airplane under development by Terrafugia since 2006. The Rotax 912ULS piston engine powered, carbon-fiber vehicle is planned to have a flight range of using either automotive premium gra ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Flying car, , 2009, , Prototype, , , , , - , THK-11, , Turkey, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1947, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Thomas-Morse MB-4 The Thomas-Morse MB-4 was a prototype American mailplane of the 1920s. It was of unusual design, being a biplane with twin fuselages housing the crew of two and a central nacelle which carried the aircraft's twin engines in a push-pull configura ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1920, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Transavia PL-12 Airtruk The Transavia PL-12 Airtruk is a single-engine agricultural aircraft designed and built by the Transavia Corporation in Australia. The Airtruk is a shoulder-wing strut braced sesquiplane of all-metal construction, with the cockpit mounted above a ...

, , Australia, , Propeller, , Agricultural, , 1965, , Production, , , , , - , Trella T-106, , US, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1949, , Prototype, , , , , - , Trella T-107, , US, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1954, , Project, , , , , - ,

Tupolev I-12 The Tupolev I-12 (also known as the ANT-23) was a prototype Soviet fighter aircraft that never reached production. The I-12 was of unconventional design with twin booms made of water pipes containing recoilless rifles and two engines in a push-p ...

/ANT-23, , USSR, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1931, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Vance Viking The Vance Viking, also called the Vance Flying Wing Express, and the Texas Sky Ranger, was a single seat cargo and racing aircraft. Design and development Claire K. Vance founded the Vance Aircraft Corporation to build the "Flying Wing" design. ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Racer, , 1932, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

, , US, , Jet, , Record, , 2005, , Production, , , , , - ,

Voisin E.28 The Voisin Triplanes were large experimental bombers built by Voisin in 1915 and 1916. After unsuccessful trials of the 1915 prototype a modified version with more powerful engines was built in 1916, as the Voisin E.28, but the type did not en ...

, , France, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1919, , Prototype, , , , , - , Voisin Triplane, , France, , Propeller, , Bomber, , 1915, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Vultee XP-54 The Vultee XP-54 ''Swoose Goose'' was a prototype fighter built by the Vultee Aircraft Company for the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Design and development Vultee submitted a proposal in response to a U.S. Army Air Corps request fo ...

, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , 1943, , Prototype, , , , , - , Vultee XP-68 Tornado, , US, , Propeller, , Fighter, , n/a, , Project, , , , , - ,

Wagner Aerocar The Wagner FJ-V3 Aerocar was a prototype 4-place flying automobile. The vehicle used counter-rotating rotor helicopter technology for flight. Design The Aerocar was developed in the era of space-age futurism, and looked the part. It looked slig ...

, , Germany, , Helicopter, , Flying car, , 1965, , Prototype, , , , , - , Weick W-1, , US, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1934, , Prototype, , , , , - , Weymann 66, , France, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1933, , Prototype, , , , , - , Willoughby Delta 8, , UK, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - , Willoughby Delta 9, , UK, , Propeller, , Transport, , 1939, , Project, , , , , - , WLT Sparrow, , Czech Republic, , Propeller, , Ultralight, , 2010, , Production, , , , , - ,

WNF Wn 16 The WNF Wn 16 was an Austrian experimental aircraft built near the start of World War II to test the properties of the then-new tricycle undercarriage arrangement. Design The WNF Wn 16, originally built as the Meindl-van Nes A.XV (aka Mein ...

, , Austria, , Propeller, , Experimental, , 1939, , Prototype, , , , , - , Yakovlev Yak-58, , Russia, , Propeller, , Utility, , 1993, , Prototype, , , , , - ,

Yakovlev Yak-141 The Yakovlev Yak-141 (russian: Яковлев Як-141; NATO reporting name "Freestyle"), also known as the Yak-41, is a Soviet supersonic vertical takeoff/landing (VTOL) fighter aircraft designed by Yakovlev. It was used for testing. Design ...

, , Russia, , Jet, , Fighter, , 1987, , Prototype, , , , , - , Tengden_TB-001, , China, , UAV, , UAV, , 2017, , Production, , , , , - ,

BZK-005 The BZK-005 high-altitude, long-range UAV is a reconnaissance aircraft designed by Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and Harbin Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. It is used by the PLA Navy and PLA Air Force. Development The BZK-0 ...

, , China, , UAV, , UAV, , 2006, , Production, , , ,

References

Citations

Bibliography

{{Commons category, Twin boom aircraft *Green, W. and Swanborough, G.; ''The complete book of fighters'', Salamander, 1994. Aircraft configurations