Treaties of the United States

This is a list of treaties to which the United States has been a party or which have had direct relevance to U.S. history.

Pre-Revolutionary War treaties

Before the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776, the sovereign of the United Kingdom and the leaders of various North American colonies negotiated treaties that affected the territory of what would later become the United States.
* 1638 - Treaty of Hartford (1638)
* 1646 – Treaty of 1646
* 1677 – Treaty of 1677
* 1701 – Nanfan Treaty
* 1722 – Great Treaty of 1722
* 1726 – Deed in Trust from Three of the Five Nations of Indians to the Chancellor
* 1744 – Treaty of Lancaster
* 1752 – Treaty of Logstown
* 1754 – Treaty of Albany
* 1758 – Treaty of Easton
* 1760 – Treaty of Pittsburgh
* 1763 – Treaty of Paris
* 1768 – Treaty of Hard Labour
* 1768 – Treaty of Fort Stanwix
* 1770 – Treaty of Lochaber
* 1774 – Treaty of Camp Charlotte

U.S. international treaties

These are treaties that the United States has made with other sovereign international states. This is mostly to distinguish them from the next category. Under the treaty clause of the United States Constitution, treaties come into effect upon final ratification by the President of the United States, provided that a two-thirds majority of the United States Senate concurs.

1776–1799

* 1776 – Model Treaty passed by the Continental Congress becomes the template for its future international treaties
*1776 – Treaty of Watertown – a military treaty between the newly formed United States and the St. John's and Mi'kmaq First Nations of Nova Scotia, two peoples of the Wabanaki Confederacy.
* 1778 – Treaty of Alliance – American Revolutionary War alliance with the Kingdom of France
* 1778 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – France)
* 1782 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce – with Dutch Republic
* 1783 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – Sweden) – with Sweden
* 1783 – Second Treaty of Paris Ended the American Revolutionary War
* 1785 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Prussia–United States) – with Prussia
* 1786 – Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship – Morocco — first sovereign state to recognize the U.S in 1777, formalized in treaty signed in 1786; oldest unbroken U.S. treaty
* – trade treaty with Spain (not ratified)
* 1794 – Treaty of Canandaigua – AKA Pickering Treaty, negotiated by Pickering for George Washington with Red Jacket, Cornplanter, Handsome Lake, and fifty other Iroquois leaders by which they were forced to cede much of their land to the United States. Britain had ceded all its claims to land in the colonies without consulting the Iroquois or other Native American allies.
* 1794 – Jay Treaty AKA Treaty of London – attempts to settle post-Revolution disputes with Great Britain. Provided the British Army to evacuate the Northwest Territory and to provide most favoured nation status between Britain and America in exchange for international arbitration of the U.S.-Canada border and wartime debts. Opposed by Jeffersonian Republicans.
* 1795 – Treaty of Greenville – Ended the Northwest Indian War and opened most of Ohio to white settlement
* 1795 – Treaty with Algeria
* 1795 – Pinckney's Treaty AKA Treaty of Madrid, Treaty of San Lorenzo – defines boundaries of U.S. with Spanish colonies
* 1796 – Treaty with Tripoli – tribute payments to Tripoli to protect Americans from seizure and ransom
* 1797 – Treaty with Tunis – increases tribute payments to Tripoli

1800–1849

* 1800 – Convention of 1800 (Treaty of Mortefontaine) – Ends the Quasi War between France and the U.S.
* 1803 – Louisiana Purchase Treaty – Acquire Louisiana Territory from the French First Republic.
* 1805 – Treaty with Tripoli – Secured release of Americans being held in Tripoli, proclaimed peace and amity, and ended the First Barbary War.
* 1814 – Treaty of Ghent – Ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Great Britain, returning the two countries to the ''status quo ante bellum''.
* 1815 – Commercial treaty with Great Britain – Established free trade between the United States, England, and much of the British Empire (Ireland was among the areas excluded)
* 1817 – Rush–Bagot Treaty – The United States and Great Britain agree to demilitarize the Great Lakes.
* 1818 – Treaty of 1818 – resolved boundary issues between U.S. and Great Britain and demilitarized the border.
* 1819 – Adams–Onís Treaty – purchase of Florida from the Spanish Empire and established the border with New Spain.
* 1824 – Russo-American Treaty – gave Russian claims on land off the Northwest Pacific coast of North America (north of the Oregon Country)
* 1824 – Anderson–Gual Treaty – between U.S. and Gran Colombia; first bilateral treaty with another American country
* 1828 – Treaty of Limits – between Mexico and the U.S.; confirms the boundary agreed to with Spain in the Adams–Onís Treaty.
* 1830 – Treaty with the Ottoman PortMustafa Aydın, Çağrı Erhan and Gökhan Erdem
CHRONOLOGY OF TURKİSH-AMERİCAN RELATİONS
Faculty of Political Science, Ankara University Also see Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire
* 1831 – Franco-American Treaty of 1831 – France agreed to pay reparations of 25 million francs for damage to American shipping during the Napoleonic Wars (ratified in 1835 under Victor de Broglie's government – see July Monarchy)
* 1833 – Siamese–American Treaty of Amity and Commerce – a commercial treaty between the Kingdom of Siam and the United States, first treaty with an East Asian nation
* 1833 – Treaty with Muscat
* 1835 - Treaty of New Echota – between U.S. government officials and representatives of a minority Cherokee political faction, the Treaty Party
* 1842 – Webster–Ashburton Treaty – ended the Aroostook War and settles boundary disputes between the U.S. and Canada
* 1844 – Treaty of Wanghia – between China and the U.S.; established five U.S. treaty ports in China with extraterritoriality
* 1846 – Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty with the Republic of New Granada (Colombia)
* 1846 – Oregon Treaty – brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country
* 1847 – Treaty of Cahuenga – ends the Mexican–American War in Alta California
* 1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – fully ends the Mexican–American War; sets the Rio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and Texas and cedes much of northern Mexico to the United States.
* 1849 – Hawaiian–American Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation – Treaty between the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States

1850–1899

* 1850 – Clayton–Bulwer Treaty – U.S. and United Kingdom agree not to colonize Central America
* 1851 – Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851) – with the Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapaho, Crow, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nations
* 1851 – California Indian Reservations and Cessions – 18 lost treaties of California
* 1854 – Convention of Kanagawa – forcibly opens Japan to American trade
* 1855 – Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty – with Canada on trade and tariffs
* 1855 - Treaty of Point Elliot (1855) - Dwamish, Suquamish, Sk-kahl-mish, Sam-ahmish, Smalh-kamish, Skope-ahmish, St-kah-mish, Snoqualmoo, Skai-wha-mish, N'Quentl-ma-mish, Sk-tah-le-jum, Stoluck-wha-mish, Sno-ho-mish, Skagit, Kik-i-allus, Swin-a-mish, Squin-ah-mish, Sah-ku-mehu, Noo-wha-ha, Nook-wa-chah-mish, Mee-see-qua-guilch, Cho-bah-ah-bish, and other allied and subordinate tribes and bands.
* 1855 – Treaty of Detroit (1855) – U. S. and Ottawa and Chippewa Nations of Indians which severed the link between the two Native American groups for further treaty negotiations and prepared the way for allotment of tribal land to individuals.
* 1857 – American treaty is kept with France- Treaty between American and Russia
* 1858 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan), also known as Harris Treaty – forces the opening of treaty ports on Japan
* 1858 – Treaty of Tientsin – with China after the Second Opium War; established peace, amity, and commerce
* 1862 – Ottoman-American Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
* 1864 – First Geneva Convention – established rules for the treatment of battlefield casualties and sick and wounded combatants
* 1867 – Alaska Purchase – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia
* 1868 – Burlingame Treaty – with China; established improved relations
* 1868 – Naturalization Convention – with North German Confederation; first recognition by a European power of the legal right of its subjects to become American citizens
* 1868 – Naturalization Convention – with Belgium
* 1868 – Treaty of Bosque Redondo – With the Navajo ending the Navajo Wars
* 1868 – Treaty of Fort Laramie – with the Sioux and Arapaho ending Red Cloud's War.
* 1869 – Naturalization Convention – with Sweden and Norway.
* 1870 – Naturalization Convention – with United Kingdom
* 1871 – Treaty of Washington – settles grievances between the U.S. and Canada including the ''Alabama'' Claims
* 1872 – Naturalization Convention – with Denmark
* 1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property – intellectual property systems, including patents, of any contracting state become accessible to the nationals of other states party to the Convention
* 1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (ratified by U.S. in 1989)
* 1898 – Sixth Treaty of Paris – ends the Spanish–American War
* 1899 – Hague Conventions – one of the first formal statements of the laws of war

1900–1949

* 1900 �
Treaty between Spain and the United States for Cession of Outlying Islands of the Philippines
Concluded November 7, 1900; ratification advised by Senate January 22, 1901 .. ratified by the President January 30, 1901; ratifications exchanged March 23, 1901; proclaimed March 23, 1901.
* 1901 – Hay–Pauncefote Treaty – nullified Clayton–Bulwer Treaty in exchange for free access to build a canal across Central America
* 1901 – Boxer Protocol AKA Treaty of 1901, Peace Agreement between the Great Powers and China – one of the Unequal Treaties with China
* 1902 – Naturalization Convention – with Haiti
* 1903 – Hay–Herrán Treaty – the U.S. attempt to acquire a lease on Panama from Colombia (not ratified by Colombia)
* 1903 – Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty – establishes the Panama Canal Zone
* 1903 – Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1903) – completed lease on
* 1905 – Treaty of Portsmouth – ends Russo-Japanese War; negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt
* 1905 – Taft–Katsura Agreement – Japan and U.S. agree on spheres of influence in Asia
* 1906 – Second Geneva Convention – treatment of wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea
* 1906 – Inter-American Convention Establishing the Status of Naturalized Citizens Who Again Take Up Residence in the Country of Their Origin
* 1907 – Gentlemen's Agreement – limiting Japanese immigration to the U.S.
* 1907 – Naturalization Convention – with Peru
* 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Portugal
* 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with El Salvador
* 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Honduras
* 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Nicaragua
* 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Uruguay
* 1909 – Boundary Waters Treaty – regulates water quantity and water quality along the boundary between Canada and the United States.
* 1911 – Naturalization Convention – with Costa Rica
* 1911 – North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 – first international treaty for wildlife preservation
* 1912 – International Opium Convention – first international drug control treaty
* 1916 – Treaty of the Danish West Indies – U.S. purchase of the Danish West Indies, renaming them the United States Virgin Islands
* 1917 – Lansing–Ishii Agreement – trade treaty between the U.S. and Japan
* 1918 – Migratory Bird Treaty – Environment treaty with the United Kingdom representing Canada, to protect birds which migrate between Canada and the U.S.
* 1919 – Treaty of Versailles, 1919 – ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers and established the League of Nations. Ultimately not ratified by the U.S. Senate.
* 1920 – Svalbard Treaty – recognizes Norwegian sovereignty over Svalbard and regulates its open access, economic activities, environmental protection, taxation and demilitarization
* 1921 – U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Austria
* 1921 – Treaty of Berlin – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Germany
* 1921 – U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Hungary
* 1922 – Washington Naval Treaty – limits the naval armaments race, supplement to restrict submarine warfare and ban chemical warfare was rejected by France.
* 1923 – Treaty of Lausanne – sets the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey
* 1925 – Anglo-American Convention – American acceptance of the provisions of the Mandate for Palestine and supervision of British performance as mandatory of the Mandate for Palestine.
* 1925 – Hay-Quesada Treaty – America accepts Cuban ownership of Isle of Pines.
* 1928 – Kellogg–Briand Pact – calls "for the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy"
* 1929 – Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War – establishes rules for the treatment of prisoners of war
* 1930 – London Naval Treaty – regulates submarine warfare and shipbuilding
* 1930 – Convention Between the United States and Great Britain – Definitely delimits the boundary between North Borneo (then a British protectorate) and the Philippine archipelago

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