Treasury Information System Architecture Framework
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The Treasury Information System Architecture Framework (TISAF) is an early 1990s
Enterprise Architecture framework An enterprise architecture framework (EA framework) defines how to create and use an enterprise architecture. An architecture framework provides principles and practices for creating and using the architecture description of a system. It struct ...
to assist US Treasury Bureaus to develop their Enterprise Information System Architectures (EISAs).Franklin D. Raines (1997)
MEMORANDUM FOR THE HEADS OF EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES
US GOV MEMORANDUM M-97-16, June 18, 1997.
The TISAF was developed by the
US Department of the Treasury The Department of the Treasury (USDT) is the national treasury and finance department of the federal government of the United States, where it serves as an executive department. The department oversees the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and ...
in 1997, and let to the development of the
Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF) was an enterprise architecture framework for treasury, based on the Zachman Framework. It was developed by the US Department of the Treasury and published in July 2000.US Department of the Treasury ...
, released in 2000. The TEAF represents the second-generation framework for Treasury. TISAF was the first-generation framework.US Department of the Treasury Chief Information Officer Council (2000)
Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework
. Version 1, July 2000.


Overview

The Treasury Information System Architecture Framework (TISAF) consists of a list of goals and objectives for planning
Treasury A treasury is either *A government department related to finance and taxation, a finance ministry. *A place or location where treasure, such as currency or precious items are kept. These can be state or royal property, church treasure or in p ...
information technology Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to create, process, store, retrieve, and exchange all kinds of data . and information. IT forms part of information and communications technology (ICT). An information technology system (I ...
a set of architectural principles for developing information systems, an EISA model for describing distinct views of enterprise information systems, and a set of standards for guiding specific product selection. The EISA model provides four architectural views to organize, plan, and build enterprise information systems, consisting of the Information, Functional, and Work architectures and the Infrastructure.


History

TISAF incorporated elements from the C4ISR Architecture Framework, which was developed by the Mitre Corporation from 1994 on. In January 1997,
US Department of the Treasury The Department of the Treasury (USDT) is the national treasury and finance department of the federal government of the United States, where it serves as an executive department. The department oversees the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and ...
issued TISAF Version 1, consisting of three volumes: * the Treasury Information Systems Architecture Framework, * Treasury Architecture Development Guidance, and * the Treasury Architecture Development Process. In July 1997, the Treasury issued additional guidance to complement Treasury Information System Architecture Framework (TISAF). This guidance, which was finalized in September 1997, provides "how to" processes for developing an information systems architecture in accordance with TISAF.United States General Accounting Office (US GOA) (1998)
CUSTOMS SERVICE MODERNIZATION : Architecture Must Be Complete and Enforced to Effectively Build and Maintain Systems
Report to Congressional Requesters.
In 1989 US congress granted $200,000 for the department-wide implementation of the Treasury Information System Architecture Framework. Further developments in the US Department of the Treasury let to the development of the
Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF) was an enterprise architecture framework for treasury, based on the Zachman Framework. It was developed by the US Department of the Treasury and published in July 2000.US Department of the Treasury ...
, first published in July 2000. The TEAF represents a revision to TISAF and incorporated elements of FEAF.Mark G. Mykityshyn (2007) ''Assessing the Maturity of Information Architectures for Complex Dynamic Enterprise Systems''. p. 77 It was the result of an evaluation of Department and bureau experiences in applying and using the TISAF, and emerging best practices from other government organizations and industry. TEAF is intended to emphasize the broader scope of the architecture framework, which includes both business and technical vantage points within an enterprise-wide perspective. The TEAF includes descriptions of a common suite of work products for documenting and modeling EAs. These work products align with FEAF models and with Department of Defense Architecture Framework (
DoDAF The Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DoDAF) is an architecture framework for the United States Department of Defense (DoD) that provides visualization infrastructure for specific stakeholders concerns through viewpoints organized b ...
) products.


TISAF building blocks


Departmentwide architecture framework

According to TISAF, a complete architecture has the following four components, each representing a different perspective or view of the agency: * ''Functional'': A representation of what the organization does (i.e., its mission and business processes) and how the organization can use information systems to support its business operations. * ''Work'': A description of where and by whom information systems are to be used throughout the agency. * ''Information'': A description of what information is needed to support business operations. * ''Infrastructure'': A description of the hardware and "services" (e.g., software and telecommunications) needed to implement information systems across the agency. TISAF's functional, work, and information components together form the logical view of the architecture, while its infrastructure represents the technical view of the architecture.


Top-down approach

To develop and evolve systems that effectively support business functions, a top-down process must be followed. The logical architecture (e.g., business functions and information flows) is defined first and then used to specify supporting systems (e.g., interfaces, standards, and protocols). Treasury endorses this top-down approach. Treasury officials responsible for developing and implementing TISAF stated that development of the architecture begins with defining and describing the agency's major business functions. Once this is accomplished, the agency can identify the relationships among the functions, the information needed to perform the functions, the users and locations of the functions, and the existing and needed applications and related information technology required to execute and support the business functions. According to Treasury guidance, the architecture's infrastructure component (i.e., its systems specifications and standards) should be derived from the other three components. In addition, the guidance states that each element of the architecture must be integrated and traceable, and the relationships between them must be explicit.


TISAF Architecture

The
Information Architecture Information architecture (IA) is the structural design of shared information environments; the art and science of organizing and labelling websites, intranets, online communities and software to support usability and findability; and an emerging ...
is the "what" of information systems which defines and organizes all information needed to perform business operations and describes the relationships among this information. The Functional Architecture is the "how" of information systems which defines and organizes the business functions, processes, or activities that capture, manipulate, and manage the business information to support business operations. The
Work Architecture Work may refer to: * Work (human activity), intentional activity people perform to support themselves, others, or the community ** Manual labour Manual labour (in Commonwealth English, manual labor in American English) or manual work is phys ...
is the "where" of information systems which depicts the decentralization of the business, the description of the work organizations to business locations, and the communications and coordination between these locations. The Infrastructure is the "enabler" of information systems which describes the supporting services, computing platforms, and internal and external interfaces needed to provide technology environments within which information systems run. To provide a context for discussing technical standards, a Technical Reference Model (TRM) is developed to organize and depict building blocks of an information system as a set of services categorized by functional areas.


TISAF 1997 to TEAF 2000

Key changes from TISAF 1997 to
Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework Treasury Enterprise Architecture Framework (TEAF) was an enterprise architecture framework for treasury, based on the Zachman Framework. It was developed by the US Department of the Treasury and published in July 2000.US Department of the Treasury ...
(TEAF) 2000 are summarized below: * The Principles have been revamped * The Work Architecture is renamed to Organizational View * The order of the TEAF Matrix columns has been changed to: Functional, Information, Organizational, and Infrastructure * The TISAF Matrix rows have been renamed in the TEAF Matrix to: Planner, Owner, Designer, Builder * Work products have been revamped * The concept of essential vs. supporting work products has been introduced * The TISAF Technical Reference Model has been removed. Example TRMs are cited * The Standards Profile content has been removed from the TEAF. A Standards Profile is part of an EA, but not part of a framework * Inputs that drive the development of EA are now included and are documented as EA Direction resources and work products * Approaches for implementing an EA are now included and are documented as EA Accomplishment work products * Alignments of the TEAF with the FEAF and the Zachman Framework are provided


See also

*
NIST Enterprise Architecture Model NIST Enterprise Architecture Model (NIST EA Model) is a late-1980s reference model for enterprise architecture. It defines an enterprise architectureChief Information Officer Council (2001) A Practical Guide to Federal Enterprise Architecture ...
*
Technical Architecture Framework for Information Management Technical may refer to: * Technical (vehicle), an improvised fighting vehicle * Technical analysis, a discipline for forecasting the future direction of prices through the study of past market data * Technical drawing, showing how something is co ...
(TAFIM)


References

{{reflist, 2 United States Office of Management and Budget Enterprise architecture frameworks Reference models