The Transitional Federal Parliament of the Somali Republic (TFP) ( so, Golaha Shacabka Federaalka Kumeelgaarka ee Jamhuuriyada Soomaaliya; often ''Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya'') was the national

parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: Representation (politics), representing the Election#Suffrage, electorate, making laws, and overseeing ...

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

from 2004 until 2012. In a 2008 report called 'So Much to Fear'

Human Rights Watch Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization, headquartered in New York City, that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. The group pressures governments, policy makers, companies, and individual human r ...

accused the Transitional Federal Government of human rights abuses and war crimes which include murder, rape, assault, and looting. The report also states that the TFG police force had also been implicated in arbitrary arrests of ordinary civilians in order to extort ransoms from their families. The TFP was succeeded by the Federal Parliament of Somalia.

Overview

The Transitional Federal Institutions (TFIs) were the key foundations of the national government of Somalia. Created in 2004, they included the Transitional Federal Charter (TFC), the

Transitional Federal Government The Transitional Federal Government (TFG) ( so, Dowladda Federaalka Kumeelgaarka, ar, الحكومة الاتحادية الانتقالية) was internationally recognized as a provisional government of the Republic of Somalia from 14 October ...

(TFG) and the Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP). The TFP was the

of Somalia. It constituted the

legislative A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers of government. Laws enacted by legislatures are usually known as p ...

branch of government, with the

representing the

executive Executive ( exe., exec., execu.) may refer to: Role or title * Executive, a senior management role in an organization ** Chief executive officer (CEO), one of the highest-ranking corporate officers (executives) or administrators ** Executive dir ...

division. The Transitional Federal Parliament elected the

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

and

Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...

, and had the authority to propose and pass laws. It was also in charged of governance and administration of

Mogadishu Mogadishu (, also ; so, Muqdisho or ; ar, مقديشو ; it, Mogadiscio ), locally known as Xamar or Hamar, is the capital and List of cities in Somalia by population, most populous city of Somalia. The city has served as an important port ...

, which was then the seat of the TFG. Members of Parliament (MP) were selected through traditional clan leaders or

shura Shura ( ar, شُورَىٰ, translit=shūrā, lit=consultation) can for example take the form of a council or a referendum. The Quran encourages Muslims to decide their affairs in consultation with each other. Shura is mentioned as a praisewort ...

councils. The Federal Parliament of Somalia was established on August 20, 2012, following the end of the Transitional Federal Government's mandate.

Composition

The Transitional Federal Parliament, officially referred to as the Transitional Federal Assembly (TFA), was a

unicameral Unicameralism (from ''uni''- "one" + Latin ''camera'' "chamber") is a type of legislature, which consists of one house or assembly, that legislates and votes as one. Unicameral legislatures exist when there is no widely perceived need for multic ...

national assembly In politics, a national assembly is either a unicameral legislature, the lower house of a bicameral legislature, or both houses of a bicameral legislature together. In the English language it generally means "an assembly composed of the repre ...

. It was formed in 2004 and originally included 275 members. Following the creation of a unity government in 2008–2009 between the Transitional Federal Government and moderate members of the

Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia The Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia (ARS) was a Somali political party. A successor to the Islamic Courts Union, it was launched in September 2007. History of the ARS Members of the Islamic Courts Union and Somali opposition leaders ...

(ARS), the TFP's seats were increased to 550. Of those, 475 Members of Parliament were appointed following the ''4.5 formula'': 1 apportionment went to each of the four major

Somali clans The demographics of Somalis encompass the demographic features of Somalia's inhabitants, including ethnicity, language, population density, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Som ...

, while a coalition of minority clans received a quota of 0.5. The remaining 75 seats were reserved for business people and civil society representatives. Article 29 of the Transitional Federal Charter also stipulated that at least 12% of all parliamentary members had to be women.

Speaker of Parliament

The first Speaker of the Transitional Federal Parliament was

Sharif Hassan Sheikh Aden Sharif Hassan Sheikh Adan ( so, Shariif Xasan Sheekh Aadan, ar, شريف حسن الشيخ آدم; is a Somali politician. He is a former Minister of Finance of Somalia, and the last Speaker of the Transitional Federal Parliament (TFP). Career ...

. He held the position from September 15, 2004 to January 17, 2007, and was succeeded by

Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe Adan Mohamed Nuur Madobe ( so, Aaden Maxamed Nuur Madoobe, ar, آدم محمد نور مادوبي, Maay: Sheeg Ethyng Mothoowy, born 15 April 1956), popularly known as Aden Madobe, is the current Speaker of the Lower House of the Federal Parl ...

. On May 25, 2010, Sharif Hassan was re-elected parliamentary Speaker.Somalia parliament elects new speaker
/ref>

Notes

External links

Chiefs of State and Cabinet Members of Foreign Governments – Somalia
{{coord, 2, 04, N, 45, 21, E, source:kolossus-eswiki, display=title 2004 establishments in Somalia 2012 disestablishments in Somalia

Elections in Somalia Factions in the Somali Civil War Government of Somalia

Political history of Somalia Somalia War (2006–2009) Somali Civil War (2009–present) Transitional federal government of Somalia

Overview

Composition

Speaker of Parliament

See also

Notes

External links