''Toxophora'' is a genus of
flies
Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- ''di-'' "two", and πτερόν ''pteron'' "wing". Insects of this order use only a single pair of wings to fly, the hindwings having evolved into advanced m ...
belonging to the family
Bombyliidae
The Bombyliidae are a family of flies, commonly known as bee flies. Adults generally feed on nectar and pollen, some being important pollinators. Larvae are mostly parasitoids of other insects.
Overview
The Bombyliidae are a large family of fl ...
(bee-flies). There are 47 described species, distributed throughout the
world
In its most general sense, the term "world" refers to the totality of entities, to the whole of reality or to everything that is. The nature of the world has been conceptualized differently in different fields. Some conceptions see the worl ...
, although they are most abundant in Southwestern
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country Continental United States, primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 U.S. state, states, a Washington, D.C., ...
and western
Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Western and Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, and on ...
World catalog of bee flies(Diptera: Bombyliidae)
They are strange, stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots.
Larva
A larva (; plural larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle.
...
e feed in the nest of
wasp
A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder ...
s of the genus ''
Odynerus''.
[
Ectoparasitoids in nests of solitary bees & wasp]
Research.net. Yeates, D
The evolutionary pattern of host use in the Bombyliidae (Diptera): a diverse family of parasitoid flies
Species
*'' T. aegyptiaca'' Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia)
*'' T. albivittata'' Bowden, 1964 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast)
*'' T. albonotata'' Loew in Alayo & Garcia Avila, 1983
*'' T. americana'' Guérin-Méneville, 1835 (Nearctic:)
*'' T. amicula'' Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina)
*'' T. amphitea'' Walker
Walker or The Walker may refer to:
People
* Walker (given name)
*Walker (surname)
* Walker (Brazilian footballer) (born 1982), Brazilian footballer
Places
In the United States
*Walker, Arizona, in Yavapai County
*Walker, Mono County, California ...
, 1849 (USA (Texas))
*'' T. fucata'' Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Guerrero, Sonora), USA (District of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Missouri, Texas))
*'' T. turkestanica'' var. angusta Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. aurea'' Macquart, 1848 (Brazil (Paraná) )
*'' T. aurifera'' Rondani, 1848 (Brazil or Uruguay)
*'' T. dryitis'' Séguy, 1930 (French Guiana)
*'' T. verona'' Curran, 1934 (Neotropical: Brazil (Acre, Paraná, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana)
*'' T. australis'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Northern Cape, Western Cape))
*'' T. bezzii'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Egypt, Israel)
*'' T. carcelii'' Guérin-Méneville, 1830 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal)
*'' T. coeruleiventris'' Karsch, 1887 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Burundi, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province), Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe)
*'' T. compta'' Roberts, 1929 (Australasian/Oceanian: Australia (Queensland))
*'' T. crocisops'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Western Cape))
*'' T. cupreus'' ( Fabricius, 1787) (Nearctic: Mexico (Morelos, Nayarit). Neotropical: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Pará), Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Suriname)
*'' T. deserta'' Paramonov, 1933 (Turkmenistan)
*'' T. tadzhikorum'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. diploptera'' Speiser, 1910 (Tanzania)
*'' T. cyanolepida'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province, Western Cape), Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
*'' T. emeljanovi'' Zaitzev, 1980 (Palaearctic: Mongolia)
*'' T. epargyra'' Hermann, 1907 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Gruzia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. epargyroides'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: ?Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe)
*'' T. fasciculatus'' (Villers, 1789) (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Greece (incl. Zakynthos), Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy (incl. Sicily), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Romania, Russia (SET), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. fusca'' Gray in Griffiths & Pidgeon, 1832 (Patria Ignota)
*'' T. fuscipennis'' ( Macquart, 1840) (Palaearctic: Algeria, France)
*'' T. gittinsi'' Tabet, 2001 (Nearctic: USA (Idaho))
*'' T. iavana'' Wiedemann, 1821 (Oriental: China (Fujian), India (Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Hong Kong, Indonesia (Java, Nusa Tenggara), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Philippines. Palaearctic: China)
*'' T. lebedevi'' Paramonov, 1925 (Palaearctic: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. lepidocera'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Pará, São Paulo))
*'' T. leucon'' Séguy, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay)
*'' T. leucopyga'' Wiedemann, 1828 (Nearctic: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina))
*'' T. leyladea'' Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt)
*'' T. maculipennis'' Karsch, 1886 (Afrotropical: Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal)
*'' T. maxima'' Coquillett
Daniel William Coquillett (23 January 1856, Pleasant Valley, Ill. – 7 July 1911 Atlantic City, New Jersey) was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote a revision of the dipterous family Therevidae and many other scientifi ...
, 1886 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur Tiburon I), USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas))
*'' T. obliquisquamosa'' Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Western Cape))
*'' T. pallida'' d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950 (Neotropical: Brazil (Ceará))
*'' T. pellucida'' Coquillett
Daniel William Coquillett (23 January 1856, Pleasant Valley, Ill. – 7 July 1911 Atlantic City, New Jersey) was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote a revision of the dipterous family Therevidae and many other scientifi ...
, 1886 (Nearctic: Canada (Alberta), Mexico (Baja California Sur), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Washington))
*'' T. psammophila'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruzia, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.punctipennis)
*'' T. punctipennis'' Bezzi, 1921 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Zimbabwe)
*'' T. quadricellulata'' Hesse, 1963 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape))
*'' T. seyrigi'' Séguy, 1934 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Gruzia)
*'' T. travassosi'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (São Paulo))
*'' T. tristis'' ( Séguy, 1930) (Neotropical: Cuba)
*'' T. trivittata'' Bezzi, 1908 (Afrotropical: Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria)
*'' T. turkestanica'' Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
*'' T. varipennis'' Williston, 1901 (Nearctic: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Morelos, Veracruz-Llave).Neotropical: Guatemala)
*'' T. vasta'' Coquillett
Daniel William Coquillett (23 January 1856, Pleasant Valley, Ill. – 7 July 1911 Atlantic City, New Jersey) was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote a revision of the dipterous family Therevidae and many other scientifi ...
, 1891 (Nearctic: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada))
*'' T. virgata'' Osten Sacken, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah))
*'' T. vitripennis'' Bezzi, 1924 (Afrotropical: Uganda)
*'' T. zikani'' (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro))
References
{{Taxonbar, from=Q7830462
Bombyliidae
Diptera of Europe
Diptera of North America
Brachycera genera