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TotalEnergies SE is a French multinational integrated energy and
petroleum company The petroleum industry, also known as the oil industry or the oil patch, includes the global processes of exploration, extraction, refining, transportation (often by oil tankers and pipelines), and marketing of petroleum products. The larges ...
founded in 1924 and one of the seven supermajor oil companies. Its businesses cover the entire oil and gas chain, from crude oil and natural gas exploration and production to power generation, transportation, refining, petroleum product marketing, and international crude oil and product trading. TotalEnergies is also a large-scale
chemicals A chemical substance is a form of matter having constant chemical composition and characteristic properties. Some references add that chemical substance cannot be separated into its constituent elements by physical separation methods, i.e., wit ...
manufacturer. TotalEnergies has its head office in the
Tour Total Tour Total (previously known as Tour Elf from 1985 to 1999, then Tour TotalFinaElf from 1999 to 2003) is an office skyscraper located in La Défense, Courbevoie, the high-rise business district west of and adjacent to the city of Paris, France, ...
in La Défense district in Courbevoie, west of
Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, it was ranked as the 29th-largest public company in the world, and additionally ranked as the 25th largest company of any type on the
Fortune Global 500 The ''Fortune'' Global 500, also known as Global 500, is an annual ranking of the top 500 corporations worldwide as measured by revenue. The list is compiled and published annually by ''Fortune'' magazine. Methodology Until 1989, it listed onl ...
.


History


1924–1985: Compagnie française des pétroles

The company was founded after World War I, when petrol was seen as vital in case of a new war with Germany. The then French President Raymond Poincaré rejected the idea of forming a partnership with
Royal Dutch Shell Shell plc is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England. Shell is a public limited company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and secondary listings on Euronext Amsterdam and the New Yo ...
in favour of creating an entirely French oil company. At Poincaré's behest, Col. Ernest Mercier with the support of 90 banks and companies founded Total in 1924, as the Compagnie française des pétroles (CFP) (in English, the French Petroleum Company). As per the agreement reached during the
San Remo conference The San Remo conference was an international meeting of the post-World War I Allied Supreme Council as an outgrowth of the Paris Peace Conference, held at Villa Devachan in Sanremo, Italy, from 19 to 26 April 1920. The San Remo Resolution pas ...
of 1920, the French state received the 25% share held by
Deutsche Bank Deutsche Bank AG (), sometimes referred to simply as Deutsche, is a German multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange and the New York Sto ...
in the
Turkish Petroleum Company The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), formerly known as the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC), is an oil company that had a virtual monopoly on all oil exploration and production in Iraq between 1925 and 1961. It is jointly owned by some of the world's ...
(TPC) as part of the compensation for war damages caused by Germany during
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
. The French government's stake in TPC was transferred to CFP, and the
Red Line agreement The Red Line Agreement is an agreement signed by partners in the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC) on July 31, 1928, in Ostend, Belgium. The agreement was signed between Anglo-Persian Company (later renamed British Petroleum), Royal Dutch/Shell, Compa ...
in 1928 rearranged the shareholding of CFP in TPC (later renamed the
Iraq Petroleum Company The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), formerly known as the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC), is an oil company that had a virtual monopoly on all oil exploration and production in Iraq between 1925 and 1961. It is jointly owned by some of the worl ...
in 1929) to 23.75%. The company from the start was regarded as a
private sector The private sector is the part of the economy, sometimes referred to as the citizen sector, which is owned by private groups, usually as a means of establishment for profit or non profit, rather than being owned by the government. Employment The ...
company in view of its listing on the Paris Stock Exchange in 1929. During the 1930, the company was engaged in exploration and production, primarily from the Middle East. Its first refinery began operating in
Normandy Normandy (; french: link=no, Normandie ; nrf, Normaundie, Nouormandie ; from Old French , plural of ''Normant'', originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is a geographical and cultural region in Northwestern ...
in 1933. After World War II, CFP engaged in oil exploration in Venezuela, Canada, and Africa while pursuing energy sources within France. Exploration in
Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...
, then a French colony, began in 1946, with Algeria becoming a leading source of oil in the 1950s. In 1954, CFP introduced its
downstream Downstream may refer to: * Downstream (bioprocess) * Downstream (manufacturing) * Downstream (networking) * Downstream (software development) * Downstream (petroleum industry) * Upstream and downstream (DNA), determining relative positions on DNA ...
product – Total brand of gasoline in the continent of
Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...
and Europe. by Mohamed Sassi, Research associate at Université de Paris-IV (Sorbonne) Total entered the United States in 1971 by acquiring Leonard Petroleum of
Alma, Michigan Alma is the largest city in Gratiot County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 9,383 at the 2010 census. It was incorporated as the Village of Alma in 1872 and became a city in 1905. Alma hosts the annual Highland Festival on Memori ...
and several Standard Oil of Indiana stations in
Metro Detroit The Detroit metropolitan area, often referred to as Metro Detroit, is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. State of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and its Southeast Michigan, surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the a ...
. In 1980, Total Petroleum (North America) Ltd., a company controlled 50% by CFP, bought the American refining and marketing assets of
Vickers Petroleum Vickers Petroleum Company was an oil company founded by John A. (Jack) Vickers, Sr. In 1918, Vickers established a refinery in Potwin, Kansas to process the output of recently discovered oil fields in Butler County. Wichita Vickers basketball ...
as part of a sell-off by
Esmark Esmark is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Birgitte Esmark (1841–1897), Norwegian malacologist *Jens Esmark (1763–1839), Danish-Norwegian mineralogist, study of glaciers * Lars Mathias Hille Esmark (1908–1998), Norwegian ...
of its energy holdings. This purchase gave Total refining capacity, transportation, and a network of 350 service stations in 20 states.


1985–2003: Total CFP and rebranding to Total

Total's leadership had been aware of the deleterious effects of
global warming In common usage, climate change describes global warming—the ongoing increase in global average temperature—and its effects on Earth's climate system. Climate change in a broader sense also includes previous long-term changes to E ...
since at least 1971; The company nevertheless openly denied the findings of climate science until the 1990s; Total also pursued a number of strategies to cover up the threat and contribution to the
climate crisis ''Climate crisis'' is a term describing global warming and climate change, and their impacts. The term and the alternative term ''climate emergency'' have been used to describe the threat of global warming to humanity (and their planet), and to u ...
. The company renamed itself Total CFP in 1985, to build on the popularity of its gasoline brand. Later in 1991, the name was changed to Total, when it became a public company listed on the
New York Stock Exchange The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE, nicknamed "The Big Board") is an American stock exchange in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is by far the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed ...
. In 1991, the French government held more than 30 percent of the company's stock but by 1996 had reduced its stake to less than 1 percent. In the time period between 1990 and 1994, foreign ownership of the firm increased from 23 per cent to 44 per cent. Meanwhile, Total continued to expand its retail presence in North America under several brand names. In 1989,
Denver, Colorado Denver () is a consolidated city and county, the capital, and most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Its population was 715,522 at the 2020 census, a 19.22% increase since 2010. It is the 19th-most populous city in the Unit ...
–based Total Petroleum, Total CFP's North American unit, purchased 125 Road Runner retail locations from
Texarkana, Texas Texarkana is a city in Bowie County, Texas, United States, in the Ark-La-Tex region. Located approximately from Dallas, Texarkana is a twin city with neighboring Texarkana, Arkansas. The Texas city's population was 36,193 at the 2020 census. ...
–based Truman Arnold Companies. By 1993, Total Petroleum was operating 2,600 retail stores under the Vickers, Apco, Road Runner, and Total brands. That year, the company began remodeling and rebranding all of its North American gasoline and convenience stores to use the Total name. Only four years later, Total sold its North American refining and retail operations to
Ultramar Ultramar is an Eastern Canadian gas and home fuel retailer, with its head office located in Montreal, Quebec. Ultramar operates gas stations and home fuel delivery in Ontario, Quebec, and Atlantic Canada. History British oil company Ultramar ...
Diamond Shamrock Diamond Shamrock Corp. or Diamond Shamrock Refining and Marketing was an oil refinery and gas station company in the United States, headquartered in San Antonio, Texas. Since 2001, it operates as a brand of Valero and has withdrawn the brand f ...
for $400 million in stock and $414 million in assumed debt. After Total's
takeover In business, a takeover is the purchase of one company (the ''target'') by another (the ''acquirer'' or ''bidder''). In the UK, the term refers to the acquisition of a public company whose shares are listed on a stock exchange, in contrast to ...
of
Petrofina Petrofina was a Belgian oil company. It merged with Total in 1999 to form TotalFina, which after subsequent mergers has changed its name back to Total. In the United States, Fina's former refining and marketing operations are now owned by De ...
of Belgium in 1999, it became known as Total Fina. Afterwards it also acquired
Elf Aquitaine Elf Aquitaine is a French brand of oils and other motor products (such as brake fluids) for automobiles and trucks. Elf is a former petroleum company which merged with TotalFina to form "TotalFinaElf". The new company changed its name to Total ...
. First named TotalFinaElf after the merger in 2000, its name reverted to Total in 2003. During that rebranding, the globe logo was unveiled.


2003–2021

In 2003, Total signed for a 30% stake in the gas exploration venture in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) – South Rub' al-Khali joint venture along with
Royal Dutch Shell Shell plc is a British multinational oil and gas company headquartered in London, England. Shell is a public limited company with a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange (LSE) and secondary listings on Euronext Amsterdam and the New Yo ...
and Saudi Aramco. The stake was later bought out by its partners. In 2006, Saudi Aramco and Total signed a MOU to develop the Jubail Refinery and Petrochemical project in Saudi Arabia which targeted 400,000 barrels per day (bpd). Two years later, the two companies officially established a joint venture called SAUDI ARAMCO TOTAL Refining and Petrochemical Company (SATORP)- in which a 62.5% stake was held by Saudi Aramco and the balance 37.5% held by TOTAL. Total withdrew in 2006 from all Iranian development work because of
United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...
concerns that resulted in sanctions over possible weaponization of the Nuclear program of Iran. During the 2009–2010 Iraqi oil services contracts tender, a consortium led by
CNPC The China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) () is a major national oil and gas corporation of China and one of the largest integrated energy groups in the world. Its headquarters are in Dongcheng District, Beijing. CNPC was ranked fourth ...
(37.5%), which also included TOTAL (18.75%) and Petronas (18.75%) was awarded a production contract for the "
Halfaya field Halfaya Field is an oil field, located east of Amarah, Iraq. Halfaya is proven to hold of recoverable reserve and has production potential of , the China National Petroleum Corporation-led group finished the first phase in June 2012 and increas ...
" in the south of Iraq, which contains an estimated of oil. As of 2010, Total had over 96,000 employees and operated in more than 130 countries. In 2010, Total announced plans to pull out of the forecourt market in the United Kingdom. In 2012, Total announced it was selling its 20% stake and operating mandate in its Nigerian offshore project to a unit of China Petrochemical Corp for $2.5 billion. In 2013, Total started the operation at Kashagan with
North Caspian Operating Company North Caspian Operating Company (NCOC) is an operating company for the North Caspian Sea Production Sharing Agreement (NCSPSA). NCOC is based in Atyrau, Kazakhstan. The agreement includes seven companies consisting of KazMunayGas, Eni, ExxonM ...
. It is the biggest discovery of oil reserves since 1968. In 2013, Total increased its stake in
Novatek Novatek (russian: ПАО «НОВАТЭК», , ) is Russia's second-largest natural gas producer (behind Gazprom), and the seventh-largest publicly traded company globally by natural gas production volume. The company was originally known as OAO F ...
to 16.96%. In 2013, Total and its joint venture partner agreed to buy Chevron Corporation's retail distribution business in
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...
for an undisclosed amount. In January 2014, Total became the first major oil and gas firm to acquire exploration rights for
shale gas Shale gas is an unconventional natural gas that is found trapped within shale formations. Since the 1990s a combination of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing has made large volumes of shale gas more economical to produce, and some ...
in the UK after it bought a 40 percent interest in two licences in the Gainsborough Trough area of northern England for $48 million. In July 2014, the company disclosed it was in exclusive talks to sell its LPG distribution business in France to Pennsylvania-based UGI Corporation for €450 million ($615 million). On 20 October 2014, at 23:57 MST a
Dassault Falcon 50 The Dassault Falcon 50 is a French super-midsize, long-range business jet, featuring a trijet layout with an S-duct air intake for the central engine. It has the same fuselage cross-section and similar capacity as the earlier twin-engined Falcon ...
business jet heading to Paris caught fire and exploded during takeoff after colliding with a snow removal vehicle in
Vnukovo International Airport Vnukovo, formally Vnukovo Andrei Tupolev International Airport (named after Andrei Tupolev) ( rus, links=no, Внуково, p=ˈvnukəvə) , is a dual-runway international airport located in Vnukovo District, southwest of the centre of Moscow ...
, and killing four, including three crew members and CEO of Total S.A. Christophe de Margerie on board. Alcohol presence was confirmed in the blood of the driver of the vehicle on the ground. Patrick Pouyanne, who was Total's Refining Chief at that time, was appointed as CEO, and also as chairman of Total in 2015. In 2015, Total unveiled plans to cut 180 jobs in the United Kingdom, reduce refinery capacity and slow spending on North Sea fields after it fell to a $5.7bn final-quarter loss. The company said it would also sell off $5bn worth of assets worldwide and cut exploration costs by 30%. In 2016, Total signed a $224M deal to buy Lampiris, the third-largest Belgian supplier of gas and renewable energy to expand its gas and power distribution activities. In 2016, Total agreed to buy French battery maker Saft Groupe S.A. in a $1.1bn deal, to boost its development in renewable energy and electricity businesses. In 2016, Total agreed to acquire $2.2-billion in upstream and downstream assets from Petrobras as part of the firms' strategic alliance announced earlier that year. For Total, these new partnerships with Petrobras reinforce Total's position in
Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
through access to new fields in the
Santos Basin The Santos Basin ( pt, Bacia de Santos) is an approximately large mostly offshore sedimentary basin. It is located in the south Atlantic Ocean, some southeast of Santos, Brazil. The basin is one of the Brazilian basins to have resulted from th ...
while entering the gas value chain. Between 2013 and 2017, Total organized the
ARGOS Challenge The ARGOS Challenge was a robotic competition sponsored by Total between 2013 and 2017 and co-organized with Agence nationale de la recherche. The acronym An acronym is a word or name formed from the initial components of a longer name or ...
, a robotic competition with the aim to develop robots for their oil and gas production sites. It was won by an Austrian-German team using a variant of the
taurob tracker Taurob tracker is a mobile robot, manufactured by Taurob GmbH in Austria. It has been originally developed as a remote controlled reconnaissance platform for fire departments. but is currently used also by the military, civil-defense units, univer ...
robot. In 2017, Total signed a deal for a total amount of $4.8b with Iran for the development and production of
South Pars The South Pars/North Dome field is a natural-gas condensate field located in the Persian Gulf. It is by far the world's largest natural gas field, IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 - Chapter 12 - Natural gas resources and production prospects, p.298 ...
, the world's largest gas field. The deal was the first foreign investment in Iran since in the 2015 sanctions over Iran's nuclear weaponisation were lifted by the
JCPOA The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; fa, برنامه جامع اقدام مشترک , barnāmeye jāme'e eqdāme moshtarak (, ''BARJAM'')), commonly known as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the Iranian nuclear ...
. In 2017, Total announced the acquisition of
Maersk Oil Maersk Oil ( da, Mærsk Olie og Gas A/S) was a Danish oil and gas company owned by the A. P. Moller-Maersk Group. with a maximum operated production of 550,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. Production came from Denmark, the UK, Qatar, Kazak ...
for $7.45 billion in a share and debt transaction. This deal positioned Total as the second operator in the North Sea. In 2017, Total signed an agreement with EREN Renewable energy to acquire an interest of 23% in EREN RE for an amount of €237.5 million. In November 2017, Total announced the launch on the French residential market of Total Spring, a natural gas and green power offering that is 10% cheaper than regulated tariffs. Total is thus pursuing its strategy of downstream integration in the gas and power value chain in Europe. In 2018, Total officially withdrew from the Iranian South Pars gas field because of sanctions pressure from the US. In 2019, Total announced sale of 30% stake in the Trapil pipeline network to crude oil storage operator Pisto SAS for €260 million. Later that year, Total signed deals to transfer 30% and 28.33% of its assets in
Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...
's Block 2913B and Block 2912 respectively to
QatarEnergy QatarEnergy ( ar, قطر للطاقة), formerly Qatar Petroleum (QP), is a state owned petroleum company of Qatar. The company operates all oil and gas activities in Qatar, including exploration, production, refining, transport, and storage. The ...
. The company will also transfer 40% of its existing 25% interests in the Orinduik and Kanuku blocks of Guyana and 25% interest in Blocks L11A, L11B, and L12 of
Kenya ) , national_anthem = " Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi ...
to QatarEnergy. In 2020, the company announced its intention to cut 500 voluntary jobs in France. In 2021, Total left the
American Petroleum Institute The American Petroleum Institute (API) is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry. It claims to represent nearly 600 corporations involved in production, refinement, distribution, and many other aspects of the ...
lobby, due to differences on the common vision on how to tackle the fight against climate change. In 2021, Total said that it had registered an income of $3 billion for the period of January–March, which is close to the levels registered before the pandemic.


2021–present: Rebranding to TotalEnergies

In 2021, the company announced a name change to TotalEnergies as an intended illustration of its investments in the production of green electricity. At the Ordinary and Extraordinary Shareholders’ Meeting in May of that year, shareholders approved the name change to TotalEnergies. In 2022, TotalEnergies announced it would end all operations in
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
, citing rampant human rights abuses and deteriorating rule of law since the
2021 Myanmar coup d'état A coup d'état in Myanmar began on the morning of 1 February 2021, when democratically elected members of the country's ruling party, the National League for Democracy (NLD), were deposed by the Tatmadaw—Myanmar's military—which then ves ...
and has also called for international sanctions targeting the oil and gas sector in the country, which is one of the main sources of revenue for Myanmar's government. As of 11 March 2022, Total was one of the only Western oil companies to continue operating in Russia after the
Russian Invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. An ...
.


Financial data


Organization


Business segments

In 2016, Total set up a new organization to achieve its ambition to become a responsible energy major. It is composed of the following segments: * Exploration & Production * Gas, Renewables & Power * Refining & Chemicals * Trading & Shipping * Marketing & Services * Total Global Services In 2016 Total also created two new corporate divisions: namely People & Social Responsibility (Human Resources; Health, Safety & Environment; the Security Division; and a new Civil Society Engagement Division) and Strategy & Innovation (Strategy & Climate Division, responsible for ensuring that strategy incorporates the 2 °C global warming scenario, Public Affairs, Audit, Research & Development, the Chief Digital Officer and the Senior Vice President Technology).


Subsidiaries and affiliates

, TotalEnergies had 903 subsidiaries consolidated into the group results, together with affiliate investments and joint ventures, mostly in LPG. In addition, Total had other equity holdings amounting to about 3bn euros, treated as investments, and was involved in a number of significant joint ventures, mostly relating to LPG and LNG exploration, production, and shipping. The joint ventures which are treated as subsidiaries are listed in the consolidated subsidiary section. ;Main consolidated subsidiaries * Abu Dhabi Gas Liquefaction Company Ltd (5.00%), United Arab Emirates * Air Total International S.A., Switzerland * Amyris Inc. (17.88%), United States * Angola Block 14 B.V. (50.01%),
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
(operating in Angola) * Angola LNG Limited (13.60%), Bermuda (operating in
Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...
) * AS 24, France * Atlantic Trading & Marketing Inc., United States * Atotech (China) Chemicals Ltd * Atotech B.V., Netherlands * Atotech Deutschland GmbH,
Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
* Atotech Taiwan * BASF TOTAL Petrochemicals LLC (40.00%), United States * Brass Holdings Company Limited, Luxembourg * Brass LNG Ltd (17.00%),
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
* Compagnie Pétrolière de l’Ouest – CPO, France * Cos-Mar Company (50.00%), United States * Cosden LLC, United States * Cray Valley USA LLC, United States * CSSA – Chartering and Shipping Services S.A., Switzerland * Dalian West Pacific Petrochemical Co. Ltd (WEPEC) (22.41%), China * Dolphin Energy Limited (24.50%), United Arab Emirates * E. F. Oil And Gas Limited, United Kingdom * Elf Aquitaine, France * Elf Aquitaine Fertilisants, France * Elf Aquitaine Inc., United States * Elf Exploration Production, France * Elf Exploration UK Limited, United Kingdom * Elf Petroleum Iran, France (operating in Iran) * Elf Petroleum UK Limited, United Kingdom * Gaz Transport & Technigaz S.A.S. (30.00%), France * Grande Paroisse S.A., France *
Hanwha Total Hanwha TotalEnergies Petrochemical Co., Ltd., (Hangul: 한화토탈에너지스) is a joint venture between Hanwha and TotalEnergieshttp://www.hoovers.com/Samsung-Total-Petrochemicals-Co.,-Ltd./--ID__140139--/free-co-factsheet.xhtml Both companie ...
Petrochemicals Co. Ltd (50.00%),
South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eas ...
* Hutchinson Argentina S.A. * Hutchinson Autopartes De Mexico, S.A. de C.V. * Hutchinson Corporation, United States * Hutchinson Do Brasil S.A., Brazil * Hutchinson GmbH, Germany * Hutchinson Poland SP Z.O.O. * Hutchinson S.A., France * Ichthys LNG PTY Ltd (30.00%), Australia * Legacy Site Services LLC, United States * LSS Funding Inc., United States * Lubrilog SAS, France * Naphtachimie (50.00%), France * Nigeria LNG Ltd (15.00%) * Novatek (16.96%), Russia * Oman LNG LLC (5.54%) * Omnium Reinsurance Company S.A., Switzerland * Paulstra SNC, France * PetroCedeño (30.32%),
Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
* Qatar Liquefied Gas Company Limited (II) Train B (16.70%) * Qatar Petrochemical Company Q.S.C. (QAPCO) (20.00%) * Qatargas Liquefied Gas Company Limited (10.00%) * Qatofin Company Limited (49.09%), Qatar * Saft Groupe S.A. * Saudi Aramco Total Refining and Petrochemical Company (37.50%),
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a country in Western Asia. It covers the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula, and has a land area of about , making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the A ...
* Shtokman Development AG (25.00%), Switzerland (operating in Russia) * Sigmakalon Group B.V., Netherlands * SOCAP S.A.S., France * Société Anonyme de la Raffinerie des Antilles (50.00%), France * Société Civile Immobilière CB2, France * SOFAX Banque, France * SunPower Corporation (64.65%), United States * TOTAL (BTC) S.A.R.L., Luxembourg * TOTAL Énergie Développement, France * TOTAL Énergie Gaz, France * TOTAL Énergies Nouvelles Activités USA, France * TOTAL Austral, France (operating in Argentina) * TOTAL Belgium * TOTAL Capital, France * TOTAL Capital Canada Ltd * TOTAL Capital International, France * TOTAL China Investment Co. Ltd * TOTAL Coal South Africa (PTY) Ltd * TOTAL Colombia Pipeline, France (operating in Colombia) * TOTAL Delaware Inc., United States * TOTAL
Deutschland Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between ...
GmbH, Germany * TOTAL Dolphin Midstream Limited, Bermuda * TOTAL Downstream UK PLC,
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
* Total E&P Absheron B.V., Netherlands (operating in Azerbaijan) * Total E&P Algerie, France (operating in Algeria) * Total E&P Angola, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 15 / 06 Limited, Bermuda (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 17 / 06, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 25, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 32, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 33, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 39, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Angola Block 40, France (operating in Angola) * Total E&P Arctic Russia, France * Total E&P Australia, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Australia II, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Australia III, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Azerbaijan B.V., Netherlands (operating in Azerbaijan) * Total E&P Bolivie, France (operating in Bolivia) * Total E&P Borneo B.V., Netherlands (operating in Brunei) * Total E&P Bulgaria B.V., The
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
(operating in Bulgaria) * Total E&P Canada Ltd * Total E&P Chine, France (operating in China) * Total E&P Colombie, France (operating in Colombia) * Total E&P Congo (85.00%) * Total E&P Cyprus B.V., The Netherlands (operating in Cyprus) * Total E&P Do Brasil LTDA, Brazil * Total E&P Dolphin Upstream Limited, Bermuda (operating in Qatar) * Total E&P Dunga, Kazakhstan * Total E&P France * Total E&P Golfe Holdings Limited, Bermuda * Total E&P Golfe Limited, United Arab (operating in Emirates Qatar) * Total E&P Guyane Francaise, France * Total E&P Holdings, France * Total E&P Ichthys, France (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Ichthys B.V., Netherlands (operating in Australia) * Total E&P Indonesia West Papua, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Indonesie, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Iraq, France (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Italia, Italy * Total E&P Kazakhstan, France (operating in Kazakhstan) * Total E&P Kenya B.V., Netherlands (operating in Kenya) * Total E&P Kurdistan Region of
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and K ...
(Harir) B.V., Netherlands (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Safen) B.V., Netherlands (operating in Iraq) * Total E&P Libye, France (operating in Libya) * Total E&P Madagascar, France (operating in Madagascar) * Total E&P Malaysia, France (operating in Malaysia) * Total E&P Maroc, France (operating in Morocco) * Total E&P Mauritanie, France (operating in Mauritania) * Total E&P Mauritanie Block TA29 B.V., Netherlands (operating in Mauritania) * Total E&P
Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...
B.V., Netherlands (operating in Mozambique) * Total E&P
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
, France (operating in Myanmar) * Total E&P Netherland B.V., Netherlands * Total E&P Nigeria Deepwater D Limited * Total E&P Nigeria Deepwater E Limited * Total E&P
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
Ltd * Total E&P Norge AS, Norway * Total E&P
Oman Oman ( ; ar, عُمَان ' ), officially the Sultanate of Oman ( ar, سلْطنةُ عُمان ), is an Arabian country located in southwestern Asia. It is situated on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and spans the mouth of ...
, France (operating in Oman) * Total E&P
Qatar Qatar (, ; ar, قطر, Qaṭar ; local vernacular pronunciation: ), officially the State of Qatar,) is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East; it ...
, France (operating in Qatar) * Total E&P Russie, France (operating in Russia) * Total E&P South Africa B.V., Netherlands (operating in South Africa) * Total E&P South East Mahakam, France (operating in Indonesia) * Total E&P Syrie, France (operating in Syria) * Total E&P Thailand, France (operating in Thailand) * Total E&P Uganda B.V., Netherlands (operating in Uganda) * Total E&P UK Limited, United Kingdom * Total E&P Uruguay B.V., Netherlands (operating in
Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...
) * Total E&P USA Inc., United States * Total E&P Vietnam, France (operating in Vietnam) * Total E&P Yamal, France * Total E&P Yemen, France (operating in Yemen) * TOTAL Especialidades Argentina * TOTAL Exploration M’Bridge B.V., Netherlands (operating in Angola) * TOTAL Exploration Production Nigeria, France * TOTAL Finance, France * TOTAL Finance Exploitation, France * TOTAL Finance Global Services S.A.,
Belgium Belgium, ; french: Belgique ; german: Belgien officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to th ...
* TOTAL Finance USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Funding Nederland B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Gabon (58.28%) * TOTAL Gas & Power Actifs Industriels, France * TOTAL Gas & Power Limited,
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
* TOTAL Gas & Power North America Inc., United States * TOTAL Gasandes, France * TOTAL Gaz & Électricité Holdings France * TOTAL Gestion Filiales, France * TOTAL Gestion USA, France * TOTAL GLNG Australia, France (operating in Australia) * TOTAL Guinea Ecuatorial (80.00%), Equatorial Guinea * TOTAL Holding Asie, France * TOTAL Holding Dolphin Amont Limited, Bermuda * TOTAL Holdings EUROPE, France * TOTAL Holdings International B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Holdings Nederland B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL Holdings UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Holdings USA Inc.,
United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territori ...
* TOTAL International NV, Netherlands * TOTAL Kenya (93.96%) * TOTAL Lindsey Oil Refinery Ltd, United Kingdom * TOTAL LNG
Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...
, France * TOTAL LNG Nigeria Ltd, Bermuda * TOTAL Lubrifiants (99.98%),
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...
* TOTAL
Marketing Middle East Free Zone Marketing is the process of exploring, creating, and delivering value to meet the needs of a target market in terms of goods and services; potentially including selection of a target audience; selection of certain attributes or themes to empha ...
, United Arab Emirates * TOTAL Marketing Services, France * TOTAL Maroc,
Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...
* TOTAL Midstream Holdings UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Mineraloel Und Chemie GmbH, Germany * TOTAL Oil And Gas South America, France * TOTAL Oil And Gas Venezuela B.V., Netherlands (operating in Venezuela) * TOTAL Oil Turkiye AS, Turkey * TOTAL Olefins Antwerp, Belgium * TOTAL Outre-Mer, France * TOTAL Participations Pétrolières
Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the nort ...
* TOTAL Petrochemicals & Refining S.A. / NV, Belgium * TOTAL Petrochemicals & Refining USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Petrochemicals France * TOTAL Petroleum Angola, France (operating in Angola) * TOTAL Profils Pétroliers, France * TOTAL Qatar Oil And Gas, France * TOTAL Raffinaderij Antwerpen NV, Belgium * TOTAL Raffinage Chimie, France * TOTAL Raffinage France * TOTAL Raffinerie Mitteldeutschland GmbH, Germany * TOTAL S.A., France * TOTAL
Shtokman The Shtokman field (also ''Stockman field''; russian: Штокмановское месторождение), one of the world's largest natural gas fields, lies in the northwestern part of the South Barents BasinLindquist, Sandra J"South and N ...
B.V., Netherlands * TOTAL
South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...
(PTY) Ltd (50.10%) * TOTAL Specialties USA Inc., United States * TOTAL Treasury, France * TOTAL UK Finance Ltd, United Kingdom * TOTAL UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Upstream
Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
Limited * TOTAL Upstream UK Limited, United Kingdom * TOTAL Venezuela, France * TOTAL Vostok, Russia * TOTAL
Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and ...
LNG Company Limited,
Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = "Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , es ...
* TotalErg SPA (49.00%), Italy * TOTSA Total Oil Trading S.A., Switzerland * Yamal LNG (33.59%), Russia *
Yemen Yemen (; ar, ٱلْيَمَن, al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen,, ) is a country in Western Asia. It is situated on the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, and borders Saudi Arabia to the Saudi Arabia–Yemen border, north and ...
LNG Company Ltd (39.62%),
Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = "Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , es ...
(operating in Yemen) * Zeeland Refinery N.V. (55.00%),
Netherlands ) , anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau") , image_map = , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands , established_title = Before independence , established_date = Spanish Netherl ...


Head office

The company's headquarters is in the
Tour Total Tour Total (previously known as Tour Elf from 1985 to 1999, then Tour TotalFinaElf from 1999 to 2003) is an office skyscraper located in La Défense, Courbevoie, the high-rise business district west of and adjacent to the city of Paris, France, ...
in the La Défense district in Courbevoie, France, near Paris. The building was originally constructed between 1983 and 1985 for
Elf Aquitaine Elf Aquitaine is a French brand of oils and other motor products (such as brake fluids) for automobiles and trucks. Elf is a former petroleum company which merged with TotalFina to form "TotalFinaElf". The new company changed its name to Total ...
; Total SA acquired the building after its merger with Elf in 2000.


Senior management

The present chairman and CEO of the company is
Patrick Pouyanné Patrick Jean Pouyanné (born 24 June 1963) is a French engineer who has been serving as chairman and CEO of TotalEnergies since 2014. Early life and education Pouyanné was born in Petit-Quevilly in the region of Seine-Maritime in France. He s ...
(2014 to present). In 2015, Patricia Barbizet was named Lead Independent Director.


Group Performance Management Committee

The role of this committee is to examine, analyze and pilot the Group's safety, financial and business results. In addition to the members of the executive committee, this committee is composed of the managers in charge of the main business units of the group, as well as a limited number of senior vice presidents of functions at group and branch levels. Since 2016, the committee has included: * For group functions, the senior vice presidents in charge of corporate communications, legal, hse, and strategy & climate. * For exploration and production, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Africa, Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe, and Central Asia, the Middle East / North Africa, Exploration, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For gas, renewables, and power, the president gas & power and a function chosen by the executive committee * For refining and chemicals, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Refining and Base Chemicals Europe, Refining and Petrochemicals Orient, Polymers, Hutchinson, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For trading shipping, the senior vice president trading shipping. * For marketing and services, the senior vice presidents in charge of the following business units: Europe, Africa, Global Businesses, and one function, decided by the Comex. * For Total global services, the president Total global services.


Executive committee

The executive committee is Total's primary decision-making organization. Since 2020, members of Total's executive committee have been: * Patrick Pouyanné,
chairman and CEO The chairperson, also chairman, chairwoman or chair, is the presiding officer of an organized group such as a board, committee, or deliberative assembly. The person holding the office, who is typically elected or appointed by members of the grou ...
. * Arnaud Breuillac, president of Exploration & Production. * Patrick de La Chevardière, chief financial officer. * Alexis Vovk, president Marketing & Services. * Philippe Sauquet, President, Gas, Renewables & Power and executive vice president, Strategy & Innovation * Namita Shah, executive vice president, People & Social Responsibility * Bernard Pinatel, President Refining & Chemicals


Operations

In May 2014, the company shelved its Joslyn North
oil sands Oil sands, tar sands, crude bitumen, or bituminous sands, are a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. Oil sands are either loose sands or partially consolidated sandstone containing a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay, and wate ...
project in the Athabasca region of
Alberta Alberta ( ) is one of the thirteen provinces and territories of Canada. It is part of Western Canada and is one of the three prairie provinces. Alberta is bordered by British Columbia to the west, Saskatchewan to the east, the Northwest Ter ...
, Canada indefinitely, citing concerns about operating costs. An estimated $11 billion has been spent on the project, in which Total is the largest shareholder with 38.5%.
Suncor Energy Suncor Energy (french: Suncor Énergie) is a Canadian integrated energy company based in Calgary, Alberta. It specializes in production of synthetic crude from oil sands. In the 2020 Forbes Global 2000, Suncor Energy was ranked as the 48th-lar ...
holds 36.75%, Occidental Petroleum owns 15% and Japan's
Inpex INPEX (Invention and New Product Exposition) is America's largest invention trade show, held since 1985 and organized by the invention promotion firm InventHelp. The annual show is held each June in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. INPEX provides a fo ...
has a 10% interest. Total is involved in 23 projects of exploration and production in Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America and Russia.


Investments

In 1937,
Iraq Petroleum Company The Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), formerly known as the Turkish Petroleum Company (TPC), is an oil company that had a virtual monopoly on all oil exploration and production in Iraq between 1925 and 1961. It is jointly owned by some of the worl ...
(IPC), 23.75 percent owned by Total,United States Office of the Historian: The 1928 Red Line Agreement
/ref> signed an oil concession agreement with the Sultan of Muscat. IPC offered financial support to raise an armed force that would assist the Sultan in occupying the interior region of Oman, an area that geologists believed to be rich in oil. This led to the 1954 outbreak of
Jebel Akhdar War The Jebel Akhdar War ( ar, حرب الجبل الأخضر , Ḥarb al-Jebel el-ʾAkhḍar, lit=the Green Mountain War)
in Oman that lasted for more than 5 years.John B. Meagher
''The Jebel Akhdar War Oman 1954-1959''
MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLLEGE 1985.
Total has been a significant investor in the Iranian energy sector since 1990. In 2017, Total and the
National Iranian Oil Company The National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC; fa, شرکت ملّی نفت ایران, Sherkat-e Melli-ye Naft-e Īrān) is a government-owned national oil and natural gas producer and distributor under the direction of the Ministry of Petroleum of ...
(NIOC) signed a contract for the development and production of
South Pars The South Pars/North Dome field is a natural-gas condensate field located in the Persian Gulf. It is by far the world's largest natural gas field, IEA, World Energy Outlook 2008 - Chapter 12 - Natural gas resources and production prospects, p.298 ...
, the world's largest gas field. The project will have a production capacity of 2 billion cubic feet per day. The produced gas will supply the Iranian domestic market starting in 2021. During the European Union's sanctions against the military dictatorship
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
, Total is able to operate the Yadana natural gas pipeline from
Burma Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
to
Thailand Thailand ( ), historically known as Siam () and officially the Kingdom of Thailand, is a country in Southeast Asia, located at the centre of the Indochinese Peninsula, spanning , with a population of almost 70 million. The country is b ...
. Total is currently the subject of a lawsuit in French and Belgian courts for the condoning and use of the country's civilian slavery to construct the pipeline. The documentary 'Total Denial' shows the background of this project. The NGO
Burma Campaign UK Burma Campaign UK (BCUK) founded in 1991 is a London-based non-governmental organisation (NGO) that aims to achieve the restoration of basic human rights and democracy in Burma (also known as Myanmar). BCUK campaigns on behalf of the Burmese pr ...
is currently campaigning against this project.


Acquisitions

In 2011, Total agreed to buy 60% of
photovoltaics Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. The photovoltaic effect is commercially ...
company
SunPower SunPower is an American provider of photovoltaic solar energy generation systems and battery energy storage products, primarily for residential customers. The company, headquartered in San Jose, California, was founded in 1985 by Richard Swa ...
for US$1.38 billion. By the 2013 annual reporting date, Total owned 64.65%. In 2016, Total agreed to purchase French battery maker Saft Groupe S.A. for 1.1 billion euros. In 2016, Total signed a $224M deal to buy Lampiris, the third-largest Belgian supplier of gas and renewable energy to expand its gas and power distribution activities. In December 2016, Total acquired about 23% of Tellurian for an amount of 207 million dollars, to develop an integrated gas project. In 2017, Total announced it would buy
Maersk Oil Maersk Oil ( da, Mærsk Olie og Gas A/S) was a Danish oil and gas company owned by the A. P. Moller-Maersk Group. with a maximum operated production of 550,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day. Production came from Denmark, the UK, Qatar, Kazak ...
from A.P. Moller-Maersk in a deal expected to close in the first quarter of 2018. In 2018, Total announced it was buying 74% of the French electricity and gas provider Direct Énergie from their main stockholders, for 1.4 billion euros. In 2022, Total announced it had added 4 GW to its renewable energy portfolio through the acquisition of the Austin-based company, Core Solar. The following month, Total entered an agreement with GIP to acquire a 50% stake in Clearway, one of the largest renewable energy owners in the United States. As part of the transaction, GIP took a 50% minus one share stake in SunPower.


Western Sahara oil exploration

In 2001, Total signed a contract for oil-reconnaissance in areas offshore
Western Sahara Western Sahara ( '; ; ) is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), while the ...
(near Dakhla), with the "Moroccan Office National de Recherches et d’Exploitations Petrolières" (ONAREP). In 2002,
Hans Corell Hans Axel Valdemar Corell (born July 7, 1939) is a Swedish lawyer and diplomat. Between March 1994 and March 2004 he was Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and the Legal Counsel of the United Nations. In this capacity, he was head of the ...
(the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs) stated in a letter to the president of the
Security Council The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, an ...
that whenever the contracts are only for exploration they're not illegal, but if further exploration or exploitation are against the interests and wishes of the people of
Western Sahara Western Sahara ( '; ; ) is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), while the ...
, they would be in violation of the principles of international law. Finally, Total decided to not renew their license off Western Sahara.


Energy Deal with ADNOC

In a move to cope with the 2021-2022 global energy crisis, which started with the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic and aggravated with Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine, France’s TotalEnergies and UAE’s
ADNOC The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company ( ar, شركة بترول أبوظبي الوطنية) or ADNOC is the State-owned oil company of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It is the world's 12th largest oil company by production. As of 2021, the compan ...
signed a strategic deal to partner on energy projects “for cooperation in the area of energy supplies”. The deal was secured on the second day of the UAE leader Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al-Nahyan’s visit to Paris in 2022. The visit marked the UAE president’s first overseas state visit since assuming the post earlier that year. The deal was aimed at identifying and targeting potential joint investment projects in the UAE, France, and elsewhere in the sectors of renewables, hydrogen, and nuclear energy, as told by the French government in one of its statements. According to French President Emmanuel Macron’s aides, France had been eager to secure diesel supply from the UAE. The deal also received criticism from human rights groups that persisted Macron not to give the-then “crown prince a pass on the UAE’s atrocious human rights record”, as per the statement published by Human Rights Watch on its website.


Controversies


Environmental and safety records

In 1998, the Total SA company was fined €375,000 for an oil spill that stretched 400 kilometers from
La Rochelle La Rochelle (, , ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: ''La Rochéle''; oc, La Rochèla ) is a city on the west coast of France and a seaport on the Bay of Biscay, a part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is the capital of the Charente-Maritime department. Wi ...
to the western tip of
Brittany Brittany (; french: link=no, Bretagne ; br, Breizh, or ; Gallo: ''Bertaèyn'' ) is a peninsula, historical country and cultural area in the west of modern France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period ...
. The company was only fined that amount because they were only partially liable because Total SA did not own the ship. The plaintiffs had sought more than $1.5 billion in damages. More than 100 groups and local governments joined in the suit. The Total company was fined just over $298,000. The majority of the money will go to the French government, several environmental groups, and various regional governments. The Total SA company was also fined $550,000 for the amount of marine pollution that came from it. After the oil spill they tried to restore their image and have opened a sea turtle conservation project in
Masirah Masirah Island ( ar, جَزِيْرَة مَصِيْرَة, Jazīrat Maṣīrah), also referred to as Mazeira Island or ''Wilāyat Maṣīrah'' ( ar, وِلَايَة مَصِيْرَة), is an island off the east coast of mainland Oman in the ...
in recent years. Prior to the verdict in which Total was found guilty one of the counterparts in the incident, Malta Maritime Authority (MMA), was not to be tried for having any hand in the incident. In 2005, Total submitted a report to the Paris courts which stated that Total had gathered a group of experts which stated the tanker was corroded and that Total was responsible for it. The courts sought a second expert reviewing this information, which was turned down. p In 2001, the AZF chemical plant exploded in
Toulouse Toulouse ( , ; oc, Tolosa ) is the prefecture of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the larger region of Occitania. The city is on the banks of the River Garonne, from the Mediterranean Sea, from the Atlantic Ocean and from Pa ...
, France, while belonging to the Grande Paroisse branch of Total. In 2008, Total was required to pay €192 million in compensation to victims of the pollution caused by the sinking of the ship Erika. This was in addition to the €200 million that Total spent to help clean up the spill. The company appealed twice against the verdict, losing both times. In 2016, Total was ranked as the second-best of 92 oil, gas, and mining companies on indigenous rights in the Arctic. According to the CDP Carbon Majors Report 2017, the company was one of the top 100 companies producing carbon emissions globally, responsible for .9% of global emissions from 1998 to 2015. In 2021, Total was ranked as the 2nd most environmentally responsible company out of 120 oil, gas, and mining companies involved in resource extraction north of the Arctic Circle in the Arctic Environmental Responsibility Index (AERI). According to a 2021 study, Total personnel were aware about the role that their products played in global warming as early as 1971, as well as throughout the 1980s. Despite this awareness, the company promoted doubt regarding the science of global warming by the late 1980s, and ultimately settled on a position in the late 1990s of publicly accepting climate science, while still promoting doubt and trying to delay climate action.


Bribery

Total has been accused of bribery on multiple occasions. Total is being implicated in a bribe commission scandal which is currently emerging in
Malta Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...
. It has emerged that Total had told Maltese agents that it would not be interested in doing business with them unless their team included George Farrugia, who is under investigation in the procurement scandal. George Farrugia has recently been given a presidential pardon in exchange for information about this scandal.
Enemalta Enemalta plc is the only Malta, Maltese Energy industry, energy company. It provides energy services in the Maltese Islands and is entrusted with the distribution of electricity, and the development of the national electricity distribution network. ...
, Malta's energy supplier, swiftly barred Total and its agents, Trafigura from bidding and tenders. An investigation is currently underway and three people have been arraigned On 16 December 2008, the managing director of the Italian division of Total, Lionel Levha, and ten other executives were arrested by the public Prosecutor's office of Potenza, Italy, for a corruption charge of €15 million to undertake the oilfield in Basilicata on contract. Also arrested was the local deputy of
Partito Democratico The Democratic Party ( it, Partito Democratico , PD) is a social-democratic political party in Italy. The party's secretary is Enrico Letta, who was elected by the national assembly in March 2021, after the resignation of the former leader Nicol ...
Salvatore Margiotta and an Italian entrepreneur. In 2010, Total was accused of bribing Iraqi officials during former president Saddam Hussein's regime to secure oil supplies. A United Nations report later revealed that Iraqi officials had received bribes from oil companies to secure contracts worth over $10bn. On 26 February 2016, the Paris Court of Appeals considered Total guilty and ordered the company to pay a fine of €750,000 for corrupting Iraqi civil servants. The court's ruling overturns an earlier acquittal in the case. In 2013, a case was settled that concerned charges that Total bribed an Iranian official with $60 million, which they documented as a "consulting charge," and which unfairly gave them access to Iran's Sirri A and Sirri E oil and gas fields. The bribery gave them a competitive advantage, earning them an estimated $150 million in profits. The Securities Exchange Commission and the Department of Justice settled the charges, expecting Total to pay $398 million.


2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

Following the
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine On 24 February 2022, in a major escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which began in 2014. The invasion has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths on both sides. It has caused Europe's largest refugee crisis since World War II. ...
which began on February 24, many international, particularly Western companies pulled out of Russia. On March 1, TotalEnergies announced it "will no longer provide capital for new projects in Russia" but has retained ownership of its 19.4% stake in privately owned
Novatek Novatek (russian: ПАО «НОВАТЭК», , ) is Russia's second-largest natural gas producer (behind Gazprom), and the seventh-largest publicly traded company globally by natural gas production volume. The company was originally known as OAO F ...
, 20% stake in the
Yamal project Yamal project, also referred to as Yamal megaproject, is a long-term plan to exploit and bring to the markets the vast natural gas reserves in the Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Administratively, the project is located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Ok ...
and 10% stake in Arctic LNG 2. This has led to criticism as insufficient, particularly given complete divestment of other major Western energy companies, and the European Union announcement of becoming more energy independent from Russia. Similarly in August 2022, an investigation by
Global Witness Global Witness is an international NGO established in 1993 that works to break the links between natural resource exploitation, conflict, poverty, corruption, and human rights abuses worldwide. The organisation has offices in London and Washin ...
showed that a Siberian gas field part-owned by TotalEnergies has been supplying a refinery, which is producing jet fuel for Russian warplanes. This contradicts Total´s claims that this was unrelated to Russian military operations in Ukraine.


Africa

In December 2022, the NGOs Friends of the Earth, Survie and four Ugandan NGOs sent the oil group Total to court and accused it of violating the law on the duty of vigilance of large French companies in terms of human rights and environmen


Automobile and motorcycle OEM partnerships

TotalEnergies is an official recommended fuel and lubricants for all prominent Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Alliance members, including
Renault Groupe Renault ( , , , also known as the Renault Group in English; legally Renault S.A.) is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufacture ...
(shared with BP), Nissan (shared with ExxonMobil),
Infiniti is the luxury vehicle division of the Japanese automaker Nissan. Infiniti officially started selling vehicles on November 8, 1989, in North America. The marketing network for Infiniti-branded vehicles included dealers in over 50 countries in ...
,
Dacia Dacia (, ; ) was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west. The Carpathian Mountains were located in the middle of Dacia. It ...
,
Alpine Alpine may refer to any mountainous region. It may also refer to: Places Europe * Alps, a European mountain range ** Alpine states, which overlap with the European range Australia * Alpine, New South Wales, a Northern Village * Alpine National Pa ...
and
Datsun Datsun (, ) was an automobile brand owned by Nissan. Datsun's original production run began in 1931. From 1958 to 1986, only vehicles exported by Nissan were identified as Datsun. Nissan phased out the Datsun brand in March 1986, but relaunche ...
,
Kia Motors Kia Corporation, commonly known as Kia (, ; formerly known as Kyungsung Precision Industry and Kia Motors Corporation), is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second lar ...
, three Stellantis marques ( Citroën,
Peugeot Peugeot (, , ) is a French brand of automobiles owned by Stellantis. The family business that preceded the current Peugeot companies was founded in 1810, with a steel foundry that soon started making hand tools and kitchen equipment, and the ...
and DS),
Honda is a Japanese public multinational conglomerate manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and power equipment, headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. Honda has been the world's largest motorcycle manufacturer since 1959, reaching a producti ...
(including Acura, shared with BP and ExxonMobil), Aston Martin,
Mazda , commonly referred to as simply Mazda, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Fuchū, Hiroshima, Japan. In 2015, Mazda produced 1.5 million vehicles for global sales, the majority of which (nearly one m ...
(shared with BP and its subsidiary
Castrol Castrol is a British oil company that markets industrial and automotive lubricants, offering a wide range of oil, greases and similar products for most lubrication applications. The name ''Castrol'' was originally just the brand name for co ...
),
Sany Sany Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. () is a Chinese multinational heavy equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Changsha, Hunan. It is the 3rd-largest heavy equipment manufacturer in the world, and the first in its industry in China to ente ...
and
Tata Motors Tata Motors Limited is an Indian multinational automotive manufacturing company, headquartered in Mumbai, India, which is part of the Tata Group. The company produces passenger cars, trucks, vans, coaches, buses. Formerly known as Tata Eng ...
(shared with Petronas) for automobiles only as well as
Peugeot Motocycles Peugeot is a French manufacturer of scooters and small motorcycles. History Peugeot built their first motorcycle in 1898 with a De Dion-Bouton engine mounted on the rear wheel. This model was shown at the 1898 Paris Exhibition but was not put ...
, Kawasaki (fuel only), Energica, and Honda for motorcycles only.


Sponsorship

Total has provided fuel and lubricants to professional
auto racing Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition. Auto racing has existed since the invention of the automobile. Races of various sorts were organise ...
teams. Total has been a longtime partner of Citroën Sport in the
World Rally Championship The World Rally Championship (abbreviated as WRC) is the highest level of global competition in the motorsport discipline of rallying, owned and governed by the FIA. There are separate championships for drivers, co-drivers, manufacturers and t ...
,
Dakar Rally The Dakar Rally (or simply "The Dakar"; formerly known as the "Paris–Dakar Rally") is an annual rally raid organised by the Amaury Sport Organisation. Most events since the inception in 1978 were staged from Paris, France, to Dakar, Senegal ...
and
World Touring Car Championship The FIA World Touring Car Championship was an international touring car championship promoted by Eurosport Events and sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). It has had several different incarnations, including a sin ...
.
Sébastien Loeb Sébastien Loeb (; born 26 February 1974) is a French professional rallying, rally, auto racing, racing and rallycross driver. He is the most successful driver in the World Rally Championship (WRC), having won the world championship a record nin ...
won nine WRC drivers titles, whereas
Ari Vatanen Ari Pieti Uolevi Vatanen (; born 27 April 1952) is a Finnish rally driver turned politician and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1999 to 2009. Vatanen won the World Rally Championship drivers' title in 1981 and the Paris Dakar Rall ...
and
Pierre Lartigue Pierre Lartigue, (born 22 October 1948) is a former French rally racing who won three editions of Rally Dakar (cars). He won the FIA World Cup for Cross-Country Rallies four times. Rally Dakar He won 21 stages in the African rally raid R ...
won four editions of the Dakar Rally. Total has been a partner of
Peugeot Sport Peugeot Sport is the department of French carmaker Peugeot responsible for motorsport activities. History Beginnings in rallying Peugeot Sport was formed in 1981 under the name of Peugeot Talbot Sport, after Jean Todt, a World Rally Champions ...
in
Formula One Formula One (also known as Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). The World Drivers' Championship, ...
from 1995 to 2000, the
British Touring Car Championship The Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as ...
in 1995 and 1996 and since 2001 in the World Rally Championship,
Intercontinental Rally Challenge The Intercontinental Rally Challenge was an FIA-sanctioned rallying series organised by SRW Events and Eurosport Events, and aimed to "give new opportunities to young or amateur rally drivers competing in recognised regional and international ral ...
,
24 Hours of Le Mans The 24 Hours of Le Mans (french: link=no, 24 Heures du Mans) is an endurance-focused sports car race held annually near the town of Le Mans, France. It is the world's oldest active endurance racing event. Unlike fixed-distance races whose ...
,
Intercontinental Le Mans Cup The Intercontinental Le Mans Cup (shortened ILMC) was an endurance sports car racing tournament organised by the Automobile Club de l'Ouest (ACO) started in 2010.
, Dakar Rally and
Pikes Peak International Hill Climb The Pikes Peak International Hill Climb (PPIHC), also known as The Race to the Clouds, is an annual automobile hillclimb to the summit of Pikes Peak in Colorado, USA. The track measures and has over 156 turns, climbing from the sta ...
. Total is also a partner of
Peugeot Sport Peugeot Sport is the department of French carmaker Peugeot responsible for motorsport activities. History Beginnings in rallying Peugeot Sport was formed in 1981 under the name of Peugeot Talbot Sport, after Jean Todt, a World Rally Champions ...
for its customer racing
TCR Touring Car A TCR Touring Car is a touring car specification, first introduced in 2014 and is now employed by a multitude of series worldwide. All TCR Touring Cars are front-wheel drive cars based on 4 or 5 door production vehicles, and are powered by 1.75 t ...
programme. Total was a partner of
Renault Sport Renault Sport () or Renaultsport, was the motorsport, performance and special vehicles division for Renault-badged cars. Renault Sport was officially established in 1976 as a merger between the Alpine (automobile), Alpine and Gordini competition ...
in Formula One from 2009 to 2016. Their logo appeared on the
Red Bull Racing Red Bull Racing, also simply known as Red Bull or RBR and currently competing as Oracle Red Bull Racing, is a Formula One racing team, racing under an Austrian licence and based in the United Kingdom. It is one of two Formula One teams owned ...
cars between 2009 and 2016, the
Renault F1 The French automotive manufacturer Renault has been associated with Formula One as both team owner and engine manufacturer for various periods since 1977. In 1977, the company entered Formula One as a constructor, introducing the turbo engine ...
cars in 2009, 2010 and 2016, and the Lotus F1 cars from 2011 to 2014. Total also partnered
Caterham F1 Team The Caterham F1 Team was a Malaysian, later British owned Formula One team based in the United Kingdom which raced under a Malaysian licence. The Caterham brand competed in the Formula One World Championship from to , following the acquisiti ...
in 2011–2014,
Scuderia Toro Rosso Scuderia Toro Rosso (; literal translation of "Red Bull Racing Team"), commonly known as Toro Rosso or by its abbreviation STR, was an Italian Formula One racing team. It was one of two Formula One teams owned by Austrian beverage company Re ...
in 2014–2015 and
Williams F1 Team Williams Grand Prix Engineering Limited, currently racing in Formula One as Williams Racing, is a British Formula One motor racing team and constructor. It was founded by former team owner Frank Williams (Formula One), Frank Williams and aut ...
in 2012–2013. Also, Total was the title sponsor of the Copa Sudamericana football tournament in 2013 and 2014. In 2017, Total was appointed by FIA and ACO as official fuel supplier of World Endurance Championship and
24 Hours of Le Mans The 24 Hours of Le Mans (french: link=no, 24 Heures du Mans) is an endurance-focused sports car race held annually near the town of Le Mans, France. It is the world's oldest active endurance racing event. Unlike fixed-distance races whose ...
from 2018–19 season onwards. Total is one of the official sponsors for one of the most popular and influential Mexican football teams,
Club America Club may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Club'' (magazine) * Club, a '' Yie Ar Kung-Fu'' character * Clubs (suit), a suit of playing cards * Club music * "Club", by Kelsea Ballerini from the album '' kelsea'' Brands and enterprise ...
. In terms of educational development, Total provides scholarships worth millions of euros annually to international students to study in France. These programs are mainly for master's degrees. Doctoral scholarships are also offered but in limited numbers. The students mainly come from Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Middle East where Total Operates. Students from Africa are mainly from Nigeria. The scholarship involves the payment of Tuition and a monthly allowance of 1400 Euros (2014 disbursement). The allowance is able to cater for feeding, transportation, and accommodation for the students. The drop in oil prices in 2015 has led to the reduction of the number of scholars. In 2016, Total secured an eight-year sponsorship package from the Confederation of African Football (CAF) to support 10 of its principal competitions. Total will start with the Africa Cup of Nations to be held in Gabon, therefore, renaming it Total Africa Cup of Nations. Following Total's purchase of Direct Énergie in the summer of 2018, the cycling team changed its name the following year to Total Direct Énergie ahead of that year's edition of Paris–Roubaix. In 2021 the team changed its name again to Team TotalEnergies in time for that year's Tour de France. In 2019, the company's Chief Executive Officer, Patrick Pouyanne pledged that Total would make a €100 million contribution to the reconstruction of the
Notre-Dame cathedral Notre-Dame de Paris (; meaning "Our Lady of Paris"), referred to simply as Notre-Dame, is a medieval Catholic cathedral on the Île de la Cité (an island in the Seine River), in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. The cathedral, dedicated to the ...
after it was extensively damaged in a
fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames a ...
. In 2020, the company confirmed a two-year sponsorship deal with
CR Flamengo Clube de Regatas do Flamengo (; English: ''Flamengo Rowing Club''), more commonly referred to as simply Flamengo, is a Brazilian sports club based in Rio de Janeiro, in the neighborhood of Gávea, best known for their professional football t ...
, being the first time a partner of a Brazilian football team.


See also

* 2005 Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal fire * 2007 UK petrol contamination * Centre Scientifique et Technique Jean Féger, main technical and scientific research center for Total in Pau, France * ERAP *
Fossil fuels lobby The fossil fuels lobby includes paid representatives of corporations involved in the fossil fuel industry ( oil, gas, coal), as well as related industries like chemicals, plastics, aviation and other transportation. Because of their wealth and ...
* Lindsey Oil Refinery


Notes


References


External links

* * {{Authority control, state=expanded 1920s initial public offerings Automotive fuel retailers CAC 40 Chemical companies established in 1924 Chemical companies of France Companies based in Île-de-France Companies in the Euro Stoxx 50 Companies listed on Euronext Paris Conglomerate companies established in 1924 Conglomerate companies of France Energy companies of France Energy companies established in 1924 French companies established in 1924 Multinational companies headquartered in France Multinational oil companies Non-renewable resource companies established in 1924 Oil companies of France Privatized companies of France