This is a timeline of the 20th century.

1900s The 1900s may refer to: * 1900s (decade) File:1900s decademontage2.png, 420px, From left, clockwise: The Wright brothers achieve the first manned flight with a motorized airplane, in Kitty Hawk in 1903; A missionary points to the severed hand ...

1901 Events January * January 1 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton becomes the first Prime Minist ...

* January 1: The Australian colonies federate. * January 22:

Edward VII Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. The second child and eldest son of Queen Victoria and ...

becomes King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India upon the death of

Queen Victoria Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death in 1901. Her reign of 63 years and 216 days was longer than that of any previo ...

. * March 2:

Platt Amendment On March 2, 1901, the Platt Amendment was passed as part of the 1901 Army Appropriations Bill.Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

in exchange for withdrawal of American troops. * June:

Emily Hobhouse Emily Hobhouse (9 April 1860 – 8 June 1926) was a British welfare campaigner, anti-war activist, and pacifist. She is primarily remembered for bringing to the attention of the British public, and working to change, the deprived conditions in ...

reports on the terrible conditions in the 45

British concentration camps During the Second Anglo-Boer War which lasted from 1899–1902, the British operated concentration camps in South Africa: the term "concentration camp" grew in prominence during that period. The camps had originally been set up by the British Arm ...

for

Boer Boers ( ; af, Boere ()) are the descendants of the Dutch-speaking Free Burghers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled this are ...

women and children in

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the Southern Africa, southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the Atlantic Ocean, South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the ...

. * September 6: Assassination of William McKinley. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt assumes office as

President of the United States The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United States ...

following McKinley's death on September 14. * September 7: Boxer Rebellion defeated by international coalition. They impose heavy financial sanctions on China. * December 12: Guglielmo Marconi receives the first trans-Atlantic

radio Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmi ...

signal. * First

Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfr ...

s awarded.

1902 Events January * January 1 ** The Nurses Registration Act 1901 comes into effect in New Zealand, making it the first country in the world to require state registration of nurses. On January 10, Ellen Dougherty becomes the world' ...

* January 13:

Unification of Saudi Arabia The Unification of Saudi Arabia was a military and political campaign in which the various tribes, sheikhdoms, city-states, emirates, and kingdoms of most of the Arabian Peninsula were conquered by the House of Saud, or ''Al Saud''. Unifica ...

begins. * May 20:

Cuba Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...

given independence by the United States. * May 31:

Second Boer War The Second Boer War ( af, Tweede Vryheidsoorlog, , 11 October 189931 May 1902), also known as the Boer War, the Anglo–Boer War, or the South African War, was a conflict fought between the British Empire and the two Boer Republics (the South ...

ends in British victory. * July 12:

Arthur Balfour Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, (, ; 25 July 184819 March 1930), also known as Lord Balfour, was a British Conservative statesman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1902 to 1905. As foreign secretary in the ...

becomes

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister advises the sovereign on the exercise of much of the royal prerogative, chairs the Cabinet and selects its ministers. As modern ...

. * July 17:

Willis Carrier Willis Haviland Carrier (November 26, 1876 – October 7, 1950) was an American engineer, best known for inventing modern air conditioning. Carrier invented the first electrical air conditioning unit in 1902. In 1915, he founded Carrier Cor ...

invents the first modern electrical

air conditioning Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C or AC, is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior environment (sometimes referred to as 'comfort cooling') and in some cases also strictly controlling ...

unit. * Venezuela Crisis, in which Britain, Germany and Italy impose a naval blockade on

Venezuela Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...

in order to enforce collection of outstanding financial claims.

1903 Events January * January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India. * January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having bee ...

* February 15: The first

teddy bear A teddy bear is a stuffed toy in the form of a bear. Developed apparently simultaneously by toymakers Morris Michtom in the U.S. and Richard Steiff under his aunt Margarete Steiff's company in Germany in the early 20th century, the teddy b ...

is invented. * July 1: The first

Tour de France The Tour de France () is an annual men's multiple-stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries. Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists ...

is held. * July–August: In

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...

the

Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...

and the

Mensheviks The Mensheviks (russian: меньшевики́, from меньшинство 'minority') were one of the three dominant factions in the Russian socialist movement, the others being the Bolsheviks and Socialist Revolutionaries. The factions em ...

form from the breakup of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. * August 4:

Pius X Pope Pius X ( it, Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death in August 1914. Pius X is known for vigorously opposing modernist interpretations of ...

becomes

Pope The pope ( la, papa, from el, πάππας, translit=pappas, 'father'), also known as supreme pontiff ( or ), Roman pontiff () or sovereign pontiff, is the bishop of Rome (or historically the patriarch of Rome), head of the worldwide Cathol ...

. * November 18: Independence of

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Co ...

, the Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty is signed by the United States and

. * December 17: First controlled heavier-than-air flight of the Wright Brothers. * The

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

and the German Empire sign an agreement to build the Constantinople-Baghdad Railway.

1904 Events January * January 7 – The distress signal ''CQD'' is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by ''SOS''. * January 8 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library syst ...

* February 8: A

Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

surprise attack on Port Arthur (Lushun) starts the

Russo-Japanese War The Russo-Japanese War ( ja, 日露戦争, Nichiro sensō, Japanese-Russian War; russian: Ру́сско-япóнская войнá, Rússko-yapónskaya voyná) was fought between the Empire of Japan and the Russian Empire during 1904 and 1 ...

. * April 8:

Entente cordiale The Entente Cordiale (; ) comprised a series of agreements signed on 8 April 1904 between the United Kingdom and the French Republic which saw a significant improvement in Anglo-French relations. Beyond the immediate concerns of colonial de ...

signed between Britain and France. * May: U.S. begins construction of the

Panama Canal The Panama Canal ( es, Canal de Panamá, link=no) is an artificial waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean and divides North and South America. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a condui ...

and eradication of yellow fever. * June 21:

Trans-Siberian railway The Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR; , , ) connects European Russia to the Russian Far East. Spanning a length of over , it is the longest railway line in the world. It runs from the city of Moscow in the west to the city of Vladivostok in the ea ...

is completed. *

Herero and Namaqua Genocide The Herero and Namaqua genocide or the Herero and Nama genocide was a campaign of ethnic extermination and collective punishment waged by the German Empire against the Herero (Ovaherero) and the Nama in German South West Africa (now Namibia). I ...

, the first genocide of the 20th century, begins in

German South-West Africa German South West Africa (german: Deutsch-Südwestafrika) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915, though Germany did not officially recognise its loss of this territory until the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. With a total area of ...

. * Roger Casement publishes his account of Belgian atrocities in the Congo Free State.

1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia ( Shostakovich's 11th Symphony ...

* January 22: The Revolution of 1905 in Russia erupts. * March: The First Moroccan Crisis begins, going until May 1906. * June 7: The Norwegian

Parliament In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government. Generally, a modern parliament has three functions: representing the electorate, making laws, and overseeing the government via hearings and inquiries. Th ...

declares the union with Sweden dissolved, and Norway achieves full independence. * September 5: The

ends in Japanese victory. * September 26:

Albert Einstein Albert Einstein ( ; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest and most influential physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory ...

's formulation of

special relativity In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory regarding the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's original treatment, the theory is based on two postulates: # The laws ...

. * October 16: The British Indian Province of Bengal, partitioned by the

Viceroy of India The Governor-General of India (1773–1950, from 1858 to 1947 the Viceroy and Governor-General of India, commonly shortened to Viceroy of India) was the representative of the monarch of the United Kingdom and after Indian independence in 19 ...

Lord Curzon George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, (11 January 1859 – 20 March 1925), styled Lord Curzon of Kedleston between 1898 and 1911 and then Earl Curzon of Kedleston between 1911 and 1921, was a British Conservative statesman ...

, despite strong opposition. * December 5: Liberal

Henry Campbell-Bannerman Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (né Campbell; 7 September 183622 April 1908) was a British statesman and Liberal politician. He served as the prime minister of the United Kingdom from 1905 to 1908 and leader of the Liberal Party from 1899 to 1 ...

becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. *

Schlieffen Plan The Schlieffen Plan (german: Schlieffen-Plan, ) is a name given after the First World War to German war plans, due to the influence of Field Marshal Alfred von Schlieffen and his thinking on an invasion of France and Belgium, which began on ...

proposed in Berlin to defeat France. * The Persian Constitutional Revolution begins.

1906 Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...

* April 18: An earthquake in San Francisco, California, magnitude 7.9, kills 3,000. * July 13: Alfred Dreyfus is exonerated and reinstated as a major in the French Army; the

Dreyfus Affair The Dreyfus affair (french: affaire Dreyfus, ) was a political scandal that divided the French Third Republic from 1894 until its resolution in 1906. "L'Affaire", as it is known in French, has come to symbolise modern injustice in the Francop ...

ends. * August 16: An earthquake in Valparaíso, Chile, magnitude 8.2, kills 20,000. * September 28: The US begins the

Second Occupation of Cuba The Provisional Government of Cuba lasted from September 1906 to February 1909. This period was also referred to as the Second Occupation of Cuba. When the government of Cuban President Tomás Estrada Palma collapsed, U.S. President Theodore R ...

. * October 23: Brazilian inventor

Alberto Santos-Dumont Alberto Santos-Dumont ( Palmira, 20 July 1873 — Guarujá, 23 July 1932) was a Brazilian aeronaut, sportsman, inventor, and one of the few people to have contributed significantly to the early development of both lighter-than-air and heavie ...

takes off and flies his

14-bis The ''14-bis'' (french: Quatorze-bis), (), also known as ("bird of prey" in French), was a pioneer era, canard-style biplane designed and built by Brazilian aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont. In 1906, near Paris, the ''14-bis'' made a m ...

to a crowd in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

. * December 30: The

Muslim League Muslim League may refer to: Political parties Subcontinent ; British India *All-India Muslim League, Mohammed Ali Jinah, led the demand for the partition of India resulting in the creation of Pakistan. **Punjab Muslim League, a branch of the organ ...

is formed by Nawab Salimullah Khan of Dacca. * The

Stolypin reform The Stolypin agrarian reforms were a series of changes to Imperial Russia's agricultural sector instituted during the tenure of Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin. Most, if not all, of these reforms were based on recommendations from a committee known ...

in Russia creates a new class of affluent

kulaks Kulak (; russian: кула́к, r=kulák, p=kʊˈlak, a=Ru-кулак.ogg; plural: кулаки́, ''kulakí'', 'fist' or 'tight-fisted'), also kurkul () or golchomag (, plural: ), was the term which was used to describe peasants who owned ov ...

1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 11 – The French warship ''Jean Bart'' sinks off the coast of Morocco ...

* February–April: A

peasants' revolt The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Blac ...

Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, and ...

kills roughly 11,000. * March 15 – 16:

Elections An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual or multiple individuals to hold Public administration, public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative ...

to the new

Parliament of Finland The Parliament of Finland ( ; ) is the unicameral and supreme legislature of Finland, founded on 9 May 1906. In accordance with the Constitution of Finland, sovereignty belongs to the people, and that power is vested in the Parliament. The ...

are the first in the world with woman candidates, as well as the first elections in Europe where

universal suffrage Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political stan ...

is applied. * July 24: Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907. * The

Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British E ...

splits into two factions at its Surat session, presided by

Rash Behari Bose Rash Behari Bose (; 25 May 1886 – 21 January 1945) was an Indian revolutionary leader against the British Raj. He was one of the key organisers of the Ghadar Mutiny and founded the First Indian National Army during World War 2. The Indian N ...

. * Persian Constitutional Revolution ends with the establishment of a parliament. * The Anglo-Russian Entente bring an end to

The Great Game The Great Game is the name for a set of political, diplomatic and military confrontations that occurred through most of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century – involving the rivalry of the British Empire and the Russian Empi ...

Central Asia Central Asia, also known as Middle Asia, is a subregion, region of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north. It includes t ...

. * Bakelite, the world's first fully synthetic plastic, invented in New York by

Leo Baekeland Leo Hendrik Baekeland (November 14, 1863 – February 23, 1944) was a Belgian chemist. He is best known for the inventions of Velox photographic paper in 1893, and Bakelite in 1907. He has been called "The Father of the Plastics Industry" ...

, who coins the term "plastics".

1908

* January 24: Start of publication of

Robert Baden-Powell Lieutenant-General Robert Stephenson Smyth Baden-Powell, 1st Baron Baden-Powell, ( ; (Commonly pronounced by others as ) 22 February 1857 – 8 January 1941) was a British Army officer, writer, founder and first Chief Scout of the wor ...

's '' Scouting for Boys'' in London. * April 8: Liberal H. H. Asquith becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * May 26: First commercial

Middle-East The Middle East ( ar, الشرق الأوسط, ISO 233: ) is a geopolitical region commonly encompassing Arabian Peninsula, Arabia (including the Arabian Peninsula and Bahrain), Anatolia, Asia Minor (Asian part of Turkey except Hatay Pro ...

ern oilfield established, at

Masjed Soleyman Masjed Soleyman ( fa, مسجدسلیمان, also Romanized as Masjedsoleimān, Masjed-e Soleymān, Masjed Soleiman, and Masjid-i-Sulaiman) is a city and capital of Masjed Soleyman County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its populat ...

in southwest

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

. * June 30: The Tunguska impact devastates thousands of square kilometres of Siberia. * July:

Young Turk Revolution The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire. The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), an organization of the Young Turks movement, forced Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the Ottoman Consti ...

in the Ottoman Empire. * October 1: The

Ford Motor Company Ford Motor Company (commonly known as Ford) is an American multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobi ...

invents the

Model T The Ford Model T is an automobile that was produced by Ford Motor Company from October 1, 1908, to May 26, 1927. It is generally regarded as the first affordable automobile, which made car travel available to middle-class Americans. The relati ...

. * early October:

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...

annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina, triggering the Bosnian Crisis. * October 5: Independence of

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedo ...

. * December 2:

Pu Yi Aisin-Gioro Puyi (; 7 February 1906 – 17 October 1967), courtesy name Yaozhi (曜之), was the last emperor of China as the eleventh and final Qing dynasty monarch. He became emperor at the age of two in 1908, but was forced to abdicate on 1 ...

, the last

Emperor of China ''Huangdi'' (), translated into English as Emperor, was the superlative title held by monarchs of China who ruled various imperial regimes in Chinese history. In traditional Chinese political theory, the emperor was considered the Son of Heav ...

, assumes the throne. * December 28: The

1908 Messina earthquake The 1908 Messina earthquake (also known as the 1908 Messina and Reggio earthquake) occurred on 28 December in Sicily and Calabria, southern Italy with a moment magnitude of 7.1 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (''Extreme''). The epice ...

in southern Italy, magnitude 7.1, kills 70,000 people. *

ends. * First commercial radio transmissions. * The coldest year since

1880 Events January–March * January 22 – Toowong State School is founded in Queensland, Australia. * January – The international White slave trade affair scandal in Brussels is exposed and attracts international infamy. * February � ...

according to

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...

1909 Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * Jan ...

* March 4:

William Howard Taft William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857March 8, 1930) was the 27th president of the United States (1909–1913) and the tenth chief justice of the United States (1921–1930), the only person to have held both offices. Taft was elected pr ...

is inaugurated as President of the United States; deep divisions in his Republican Party over tariffs. * March 10: Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909 signed (effective on July 9). * March 12: Indian Councils Act passed. * April: Bosnian crisis ends with Austria-Hungary's annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. * April 6: Robert E. Peary claims to have reached the

North Pole The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is the point in the Northern Hemisphere where the Earth's rotation, Earth's axis of rotation meets its surface. It is called the True North Pole to distingu ...

though the claim is subsequently heavily contested. * April 13: A countercoup fails in the Ottoman Empire. * July 16: A revolution forces Mohammad Ali Shah, Persian Shah of the Qajar dynasty to abdicate in favor of his son

Ahmad Shah Qajar Ahmad Shah Qajar ( fa, احمد شاه قاجار; 21 January 1898 – 21 February 1930) was Shah of Persia (Iran) from 16 July 1909 to 15 December 1925, and the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. Ahmad Shah was born in Tabriz on 21 Januar ...

. * Japan and China sign the Jiandao/Gando Treaty. * United States troops leave Cuba.

1910s File:1910s montage.png, From left, clockwise: The Ford Model T is introduced and becomes widespread; The sinking of the ''RMS Titanic'' causes the deaths of nearly 1,500 people and attracts global and historical attention; Title bar: All the ev ...

1910 Events January * January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...

* February 8:

Boy Scouts of America The Boy Scouts of America (BSA, colloquially the Boy Scouts) is one of the largest scouting organizations and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with about 1.2 million youth participants. The BSA was founded ...

is founded. * April:

Halley's Comet Halley's Comet or Comet Halley, officially designated 1P/Halley, is a short-period comet visible from Earth every 75–79 years. Halley is the only known short-period comet that is regularly visible to the naked eye from Earth, and thus the on ...

returns. * May–July: Albanian Revolt of 1910. * May 6:

George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936. Born during the reign of his grandmother Qu ...

becomes King of India. * May 31:

Union of South Africa The Union of South Africa ( nl, Unie van Zuid-Afrika; af, Unie van Suid-Afrika; ) was the historical predecessor to the present-day Republic of South Africa. It came into existence on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape, Natal, Tran ...

created. * August 28:

Kingdom of Montenegro The Kingdom of Montenegro ( sr, Краљевина Црна Горa, Kraljevina Crna Gora) was a monarchy in southeastern Europe, present-day Montenegro, during the tumultuous period of time on the Balkan Peninsula leading up to and during World ...

is proclaimed independent. * August 29:

Imperial Japan The also known as the Japanese Empire or Imperial Japan, was a historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 until the enactment of the post-World War II 1947 constitution and subsequent forma ...

annexes

Korea Korea ( ko, 한국, or , ) is a peninsular region in East Asia. Since 1945, it has been divided at or near the 38th parallel, with North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) comprising its northern half and South Korea (Republic o ...

. * October 5: The 5 October 1910 revolution in

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

and proclamation of the

First Portuguese Republic The First Portuguese Republic ( pt, Primeira República Portuguesa; officially: ''República Portuguesa'', Portuguese Republic) spans a complex 16-year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the period of constitutional monarchy ...

. * November 20: Beginning of the Mexican Revolution (

Plan of San Luis Potosí 230px, Francisco I. Madero, future President of Mexico The Plan of San Luis de Potosí () is a key political document of the Mexican Revolution, written by Mexican presidential candidate Francisco I. Madero, following his escape from jail. He ...

1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...

* January 14:

Roald Amundsen Roald Engelbregt Gravning Amundsen (, ; ; 16 July 1872 – ) was a Norwegian explorer of polar regions. He was a key figure of the period known as the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Born in Borge, Østfold, Norway, Amundsen beg ...

first reaches the

South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole, Terrestrial South Pole or 90th Parallel South, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipod ...

. * January 18: Eugene B. Ely lands on the deck of the USS ''Pennsylvania'' stationed in

San Francisco San Francisco (; Spanish for " Saint Francis"), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the commercial, financial, and cultural center of Northern California. The city proper is the fourth most populous in California and 17th ...

harbor, marking the first time an aircraft lands on a ship. * March 25:

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, on Saturday, March 25, 1911, was the deadliest industrial disaster in the history of the city, and one of the deadliest in U.S. history. The ...

in New York City results in the deaths of 146 workers and leads to sweeping workplace safety reforms. * April–November:

Agadir Crisis The Agadir Crisis, Agadir Incident, or Second Moroccan Crisis was a brief crisis sparked by the deployment of a substantial force of French troops in the interior of Morocco in April 1911 and the deployment of the German gunboat to Agadir, a ...

. * September 29: The

Italo-Turkish war The Italo-Turkish or Turco-Italian War ( tr, Trablusgarp Savaşı, "Tripolitanian War", it, Guerra di Libia, "War of Libya") was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Ottoman Empire from 29 September 1911, to 18 October 1912. As a result o ...

which led to the capture of

Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Suda ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

, begins. * October 10:

Xinhai Revolution The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai Revolution or Hsinhai Revolution, ended China's last imperial dynasty, the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and led to the establishment of the Republic of China. The revolution was the culmination of a ...

, which overthrew the

Qing dynasty The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-spea ...

of China, begins. * November 3: Swiss race car driver and automotive engineer

Louis Chevrolet Louis-Joseph Chevrolet (; December 25, 1878 – June 6, 1941) was a Swiss-American race car driver, mechanic and entrepreneur who co-founded the Chevrolet Motor Car Company in 1911. Early life Louis-Joseph Chevrolet was born on December 25, 18 ...

co-founds the Chevrolet Motor Company in

Detroit Detroit ( , ; , ) is the largest city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is also the largest U.S. city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of government of Wayne County. The City of Detroit had a population of 639,111 at t ...

with his brother

Arthur Chevrolet Arthur Chevrolet, (April 25, 1884 – April 16, 1946) was a Swiss racecar driver and automobile manufacturer. Biography Born in Bonfol, Canton of Jura, Switzerland, Arthur was the middle brother of Louis Chevrolet (1878–1941), founder of th ...

, William C. Durant and others. * December 12:

New Delhi New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Ho ...

becomes the capital of

British India The provinces of India, earlier presidencies of British India and still earlier, presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance on the Indian subcontinent. Collectively, they have been called British India. In one ...

. *

Ernest Rutherford Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, (30 August 1871 – 19 October 1937) was a New Zealand physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. ''Encyclopædia Britannica'' considers him to be the greatest ...

identifies the

atomic nucleus The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment. After the discovery of the neutron ...

1912

* February 8: The

African National Congress The African National Congress (ANC) is a social-democratic political party in South Africa. A liberation movement known for its opposition to apartheid, it has governed the country since 1994, when the first post-apartheid election install ...

is founded. * February 12: End of the Chinese Empire. Republic of China established. * February 14:

Arizona Arizona ( ; nv, Hoozdo Hahoodzo ; ood, Alĭ ṣonak ) is a state in the Southwestern United States. It is the 6th largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona is part of the Fou ...

becomes the last state to be admitted to the continental Union. * March 30:

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria t ...

becomes a

protectorate A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law. It is a dependent territory that enjoys autonomy over most of its int ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. * April 15: Sinking of the RMS ''Titanic''. * July 30: Emperor Meiji dies, ending the Meiji Era; his son, the

Emperor Taishō was the 123rd Emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession, and the second ruler of the Empire of Japan from 30 July 1912 until his death in 1926. The Emperor's personal name was . According to Japanese custom, while reigni ...

, becomes

Emperor of Japan The Emperor of Japan is the monarch and the head of the Imperial Family of Japan. Under the Constitution of Japan, he is defined as the symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people, and his position is derived from "the ...

. * August 25: The

Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT), also referred to as the Guomindang (GMD), the Nationalist Party of China (NPC) or the Chinese Nationalist Party (CNP), is a major political party in the Republic of China, initially on the Chinese mainland and in Tai ...

, the Chinese nationalist party, is founded. * October 8: The

First Balkan War The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

begins. * Banana Wars:

United States occupation of Nicaragua The United States occupation of Nicaragua from 1912 to 1933 was part of the Banana Wars, when the US military invaded various Latin American countries from 1898 to 1934. The formal occupation began in 1912, even though there were various othe ...

begins.

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

* January 23: In the

1913 Ottoman coup d'état The 1913 Ottoman coup d'état (January 23, 1913), also known as the Raid on the Sublime Porte ( tr, Bâb-ı Âlî Baskını), was a coup d'état carried out in the Ottoman Empire by a number of Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) members led b ...

, Ismail Enver comes to power. * February 9 – 19: La Decena Trágica in

Mexico City Mexico City ( es, link=no, Ciudad de México, ; abbr.: CDMX; Nahuatl: ''Altepetl Mexico'') is the capital city, capital and primate city, largest city of Mexico, and the List of North American cities by population, most populous city in North Amer ...

. * March 4:

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856February 3, 1924) was an American politician and academic who served as the 28th president of the United States from 1913 to 1921. A member of the Democratic Party, Wilson served as the president of ...

is inaugurated as President of the United States. * May 29: Igor Stravinsky's ''

The Rite of Spring , image = Roerich Rite of Spring.jpg , image_size = 350px , caption = Concept design for act 1, part of Nicholas Roerich's designs for Diaghilev's 1913 production of ' , composer = Igor Stravinsky , based_on ...

'' infamously premiers in Paris. * May 30: Treaty of London. * June–August:

Second Balkan War The Second Balkan War was a conflict which broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 ( O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913. Serbian and Greek armies r ...

. * August 10: Treaty of Bucharest. * October 7:

introduces the first moving

assembly line An assembly line is a manufacturing process (often called a ''progressive assembly'') in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from workstation to workstation where the parts are added in se ...

. * December 23: The

Federal Reserve System The Federal Reserve System (often shortened to the Federal Reserve, or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States of America. It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a ...

is created. *

Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai (; 16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was a Chinese military and government official who rose to power during the late Qing dynasty and eventually ended the Qing dynasty rule of China in 1912, later becoming the Emperor of China. H ...

uses military force to dissolve China's parliament and rules as a dictator. *

Niels Bohr Niels Henrik David Bohr (; 7 October 1885 – 18 November 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922 ...

formulates the first cohesive model of the atomic nucleus, and in the process paves the way to

quantum mechanics Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistr ...

1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...

* June 28:

Gavrilo Princip Gavrilo Princip ( sr-Cyrl, Гаврило Принцип, ; 25 July 189428 April 1918) was a Bosnian Serb student who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Pr ...

assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria in

Sarajevo Sarajevo ( ; cyrl, Сарајево, ; ''see names in other languages'') is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area including Sarajevo ...

, triggering the start of

World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

. * July 27:

Felix Manalo Felix Manalo Ysagun (born Félix Ysagun y Manalo; May 10, 1886 – April 12, 1963), also known as Ka Felix, was the founder and the first Executive Minister of Iglesia ni Cristo. Followers see Manalo as a prophet and the last messenger of G ...

registers the '' Iglesia ni Cristo'' with the

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is ...

of the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. * July 28:

begins. * August 15:

opens. * August 26 – 30:

Battle of Tannenberg The Battle of Tannenberg, also known as the Second Battle of Tannenberg, was fought between Russia and Germany between 26 and 30 August 1914, the first month of World War I. The battle resulted in the almost complete destruction of the Russ ...

. * September 1:

Martha Martha (Hebrew: מָרְתָא‎) is a biblical figure described in the Gospels of Luke and John. Together with her siblings Lazarus and Mary of Bethany, she is described as living in the village of Bethany near Jerusalem. She was witness ...

, last known

passenger pigeon The passenger pigeon or wild pigeon (''Ectopistes migratorius'') is an extinct species of pigeon that was endemic to North America. Its common name is derived from the French word ''passager'', meaning "passing by", due to the migratory habits ...

, dies. * September 3:

Benedict XV Pope Benedict XV (Ecclesiastical Latin, Latin: ''Benedictus XV''; it, Benedetto XV), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa, name=, group= (; 21 November 185422 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 1914 until his deat ...

becomes Pope. * September 6 – 12:

First Battle of the Marne The First Battle of the Marne was a battle of the First World War fought from 5 to 12 September 1914. It was fought in a collection of skirmishes around the Marne River Valley. It resulted in an Entente victory against the German armies in the ...

. * September–October: The

Race to the Sea The Race to the Sea (; , ) took place from about 1914 during the First World War, after the Battle of the Frontiers () and the German advance into France. The invasion had been stopped at the First Battle of the Marne and was followed by the ...

leaves Germany and the Allies entrenched along the Western Front. * December 19: The United Kingdom establishes the

Sultanate of Egypt The Sultanate of Egypt () was the short-lived protectorate that the United Kingdom imposed over Egypt between 1914 and 1922. History Soon after the start of the First World War, Khedive Abbas II of Egypt was removed from power by the British ...

as a protectorate. * Edgar Rice Burroughs publishes ''

Tarzan of the Apes ''Tarzan of the Apes'' is a 1912 story by American writer Edgar Rice Burroughs, and the first in the Tarzan series. It was first serialized in the pulp magazine '' The All-Story'' beginning October 1912 before being released as a novel in June ...

''.

1915 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction". * January ...

* April 22: Second Battle of Ypres begins, first widespread use of poison gas. * April 24: The

deportation Deportation is the expulsion of a person or group of people from a place or country. The term ''expulsion'' is often used as a synonym for deportation, though expulsion is more often used in the context of international law, while deportation ...

of Armenian leaders and notables in Constantinople signals the onset of the

Armenian Genocide The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Spearheaded by the ruling Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), it was implemented primarily through t ...

. * May 7: Sinking of the RMS ''Lusitania''. * July 28: In the

Banana Wars The Banana Wars were a series of conflicts that consisted of military occupation, police action, and intervention by the United States in Central America and the Caribbean between the end of the Spanish–American War in 1898 and the inceptio ...

, the

United States occupation of Haiti The United States occupation of Haiti began on July 28, 1915, when 330 U.S. Marines landed at Port-au-Prince, Haiti, after the National City Bank of New York convinced the President of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, to take control of ...

begins. * The first large scale use of poison gas by both sides in World War I occurs, first by the Germans at the Battle of Bolimów on the eastern front, and at the

Second Battle of Ypres During the First World War, the Second Battle of Ypres was fought from for control of the tactically important high ground to the east and south of the Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium. The First Battle of Ypres had been fought the pr ...

on the western front, and then by the British at the

Battle of Loos The Battle of Loos took place from 1915 in France on the Western Front, during the First World War. It was the biggest British attack of 1915, the first time that the British used poison gas and the first mass engagement of New Army units. Th ...

1916 Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * J ...

* January 9: The Allies Gallipoli Campaign ends in failure; heavy losses of Australian troops. * February–December:

Battle of Verdun The Battle of Verdun (french: Bataille de Verdun ; german: Schlacht um Verdun ) was fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916 on the Western Front in France. The battle was the longest of the First World War and took place on the hills north ...

. * April 24 – 30: Easter Rising in Ireland. * April 30: The first nationwide implementation of

daylight saving time Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time or simply daylight time (United States, Canada, and Australia), and summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks (typicall ...

in the German Empire and

. * June–September: Brusilov Offensive by Russia. * June: The

Arab Revolt The Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية, ) or the Great Arab Revolt ( ar, الثورة العربية الكبرى, ) was a military uprising of Arab forces against the Ottoman Empire in the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On ...

begins. * June 6: The Warlord Era begins in China after the death of

. * July–November: Battle of the Somme om Western Front; massive casualties. * September 15 – 22: First use of

tank A tank is an armoured fighting vehicle intended as a primary offensive weapon in front-line ground combat. Tank designs are a balance of heavy firepower, strong armour, and good battlefield mobility provided by tracks and a powerful engi ...

s at the Battle of Flers-Courcelette. * December: The

Pact A pact, from Latin ''pactum'' ("something agreed upon"), is a formal agreement between two or more parties. In international relations, pacts are usually between two or more sovereign states. In domestic politics, pacts are usually between two or ...

is agreed upon by both the

Congress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different countries, constituent states, organizations, trade unions, political parties, or other groups. The term originated in Late Middle English to denote an encounter (meeting of ...

and the

at the Indian city of

Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...

. * December 6: Liberal

David Lloyd George David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, (17 January 1863 – 26 March 1945) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1916 to 1922. He was a Liberal Party politician from Wales, known for leading the United Kingdom during ...

becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * December 30: Grigori Rasputin is assassinated in Russia. * Market Square, one of the earliest shopping malls, opens in the Chicago metropolitan area.

1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Fo ...

* March 8: Russian Revolution ends the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

; beginning of

Russian Civil War {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Russian Civil War , partof = the Russian Revolution and the aftermath of World War I , image = , caption = Clockwise from top left: {{flatlist, *Soldiers ...

. * April 6: USA joins the Entente for the last 17 months of World War I. * May–October: Apparitions of

Our Lady of the Rosary Our Lady of the Rosary, also known as Our Lady of the Holy Rosary, is a Marian title. The Feast of Our Lady of the Rosary, formerly known as Feast of Our Lady of Victory and Feast of the Holy Rosary is celebrated on 7 October in the General Rom ...

in Fatima, Portugal. * June 4: The first Pulitzer Prizes announced. * July–November: Battle of Passchendaele. * October–November:

Battle of Caporetto The Battle of Caporetto (also known as the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, the Battle of Kobarid or the Battle of Karfreit) was a battle on the Italian front of World War I. The battle was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Central ...

. * November 1 – 2: The

Third Battle of Gaza The Third Battle of Gaza was fought on the night of 1–2 November 1917 between British and Ottoman forces during the Sinai and Palestine Campaign of World War I and came after the British Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) victory at the ...

ends in British victory. * November 7 ( O.S. October 25):

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key mome ...

. * November 8: The

Ukrainian–Soviet War The Ukrainian–Soviet War ( uk, радянсько-українська війна, translit=radiansko-ukrainska viina) was an armed conflict from 1917 to 1921 between the Ukrainian People's Republic and the Bolsheviks (Soviet Ukraine and S ...

begins. * November 26: The

National Hockey League The National Hockey League (NHL; french: Ligue nationale de hockey—LNH, ) is a professional ice hockey league in North America comprising 32 teams—25 in the United States and 7 in Canada. It is considered to be the top ranked professional ...

is formed in Montreal, Canada. * December 6: Independence of

Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of B ...

. * The first known sale of Girl Scout Cookies begins.

1918

* January–May:

Finnish Civil War The Finnish Civil War; . Other designations: Brethren War, Citizen War, Class War, Freedom War, Red Rebellion and Revolution, . According to 1,005 interviews done by the newspaper ''Aamulehti'', the most popular names were as follows: Civil W ...

. * January 22:

Ukraine Ukraine ( uk, Україна, Ukraïna, ) is a country in Eastern Europe. It is the second-largest European country after Russia, which it borders to the east and northeast. Ukraine covers approximately . Prior to the ongoing Russian inv ...

declares independence from Russia. * February: Beginning of the

Spanish flu pandemic The 1918–1920 influenza pandemic, commonly known by the misnomer Spanish flu or as the Great Influenza epidemic, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 influenza A virus. The earliest documented case was ...

, which lasts until April 1920 and kills tens of millions. * March–July: The German spring offensive. * March 25:

Belarus Belarus,, , ; alternatively and formerly known as Byelorussia (from Russian ). officially the Republic of Belarus,; rus, Республика Беларусь, Respublika Belarus. is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by ...

declares independence from Russia. * March 30: The Armenian–Azerbaijani War begins. * May 28:

Azerbaijan Democratic Republic The Azerbaijan Democratic Republic), or simply as Azerbaijan in Paris Peace Conference, 1919–1920,''Bulletin d'Information de l'Azerbaidjan'', No. I, September 1, 1919, pp. 6–7''125 H.C.Debs.'', 58., February 24, 1920, p. 1467. Caucasian A ...

declared. * July 4: Mehmed VI becomes the last Sultan of the

and the last

Caliph A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

. * July 16 – 17: Assassination of Tsar Nicholas II and his family. * August 8 – 12: Battle of Amiens. * August–November: The Hundred Days Offensive sends

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

into defeat. * October: the

State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ( sh, Država Slovenaca, Hrvata i Srba / ; sl, Država Slovencev, Hrvatov in Srbov) was a political entity that was constituted in October 1918, at the end of World War I, by Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ( ...

is established. * October 29: German Revolution begins. * October 30: ** The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen founded. ** The

Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire The partition of the Ottoman Empire (30 October 19181 November 1922) was a geopolitical event that occurred after World War I and the occupation of Constantinople by British, French and Italian troops in November 1918. The partitioning was ...

begins. * November 1: ** Independence declared in the

West Ukrainian People's Republic The West Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR) or West Ukrainian National Republic (WUNR), known for part of its existence as the Western Oblast of the Ukrainian People's Republic, was a short-lived polity that controlled most of Eastern Gali ...

. ** The

Polish–Ukrainian War The Polish–Ukrainian War, from November 1918 to July 1919, was a conflict between the Second Polish Republic and Ukrainian forces (both the West Ukrainian People's Republic and Ukrainian People's Republic). The conflict had its roots in ethn ...

begins. * November 9: Abdication of

Kaiser Wilhelm II , house = Hohenzollern , father = Frederick III, German Emperor , mother = Victoria, Princess Royal , religion = Lutheranism (Prussian United) , signature = Wilhelm II, German Emperor Signature-.svg Wilhelm II (Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor ...

. * November 11: ** The

Armistice of 11 November 1918 The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice signed at Le Francport near Compiègne that ended fighting on land, sea, and air in World War I between the Entente and their last remaining opponent, Germany. Previous armistices ...

ends

. **

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...

declares independence from Russia. * December 1: The

Kingdom of Iceland The Kingdom of Iceland ( is, Konungsríkið Ísland; da, Kongeriget Island) was a sovereign and independent country under a constitutional and hereditary monarchy that was established by the Act of Union with Denmark signed on 1 December 1918 ...

, a

personal union A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct. A real union, by contrast, would involve the constituent states being to some extent interlink ...

with Denmark, is formed. * The British occupy Palestine.

1919 Events January * January 1 The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...

* Paris Peace Conference writes

Treaty of Versailles The Treaty of Versailles (french: Traité de Versailles; german: Versailler Vertrag, ) was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June ...

that punishes Germany. * January 21: The

First Red Scare The First Red Scare was a period during the early 20th-century history of the United States marked by a widespread fear of far-left movements, including Bolshevism and anarchism, due to real and imagined events; real events included the R ...

in the United States. Irish War of Independence begins. * February 14: Polish-Soviet War. * March 2: Comintern established in Kremlin to coordinate Communist parties worldwide. * April 11: The

International Labour Organization The International Labour Organization (ILO) is a United Nations agency whose mandate is to advance social and economic justice by setting international labour standards. Founded in October 1919 under the League of Nations, it is the first and o ...

is established. * April 13: The

Jallianwala Bagh massacre The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919. A large peaceful crowd had gathered at the Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar, Punjab, to protest against the Rowlatt Act and arrest of pro-independenc ...

in northern India: Acting Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer orders troops of the British Indian Army to fire their rifles into a crowd of unarmed Indian civilians, killing from 379 to 1,000 people and injuring another 1,500. * May 19:

Turkish War of Independence The Turkish War of Independence "War of Liberation", also known figuratively as ''İstiklâl Harbi'' "Independence War" or ''Millî Mücadele'' "National Struggle" (19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was a series of military campaigns waged by th ...

begins. * June 28: The

redraws European borders. * July: The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 erupts. * July 18: End of

. * August 11: German Revolution ends with the collapse of the German Empire and the establishment of the

Weimar Republic The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is ...

. * November 19: Release date of ''

Feline Follies ''Feline Follies'' is a 1919 animated short film, distributed by Paramount Pictures. It marked the first appearance of the character Felix the Cat. Plot Felix (at this point known as "Master Tom"), a male black cat, meets a female white cat. He ...

'', the first appearance of

Felix the Cat Felix the Cat is a cartoon character created in 1919 by Pat Sullivan and Otto Messmer during the silent film era. An anthropomorphic black cat with white eyes, a black body, and a giant grin, he was one of the most recognized cartoon characte ...

(then known as Master Tom). * First experimental evidence for the

General theory of relativity General relativity, also known as the general theory of relativity and Einstein's theory of gravity, is the differential geometry, geometric scientific theory, theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and is the current descr ...

obtained by Arthur Eddington. *

discovers the proton.

1920s File:1920s decade montage.png, From left, clockwise: Third Tipperary Brigade Flying Column No. 2 under Seán Hogan during the Irish War of Independence; Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol in accordance to the 18th amendment, which ...

1920

* January 10:

League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by the Paris Peace Conference that ...

founded. * January 17: Prohibition in the United States begins. * February 2: Victory for

Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, a ...

in the

Estonian War of Independence The Estonian War of Independence ( et, Vabadussõda, literally "Freedom War"), also known as the Estonian Liberation War, was a defensive campaign of the Estonian Army and its allies, most notably the United Kingdom, against the Bolshevik westw ...

. * April 25:

Mandatory Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 ...

established. * April 27 – 28:

Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan The Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan, also known as the Sovietization or Soviet invasion of Azerbaijan, was a military campaign carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia in April 1920 to install a new Soviet government in the Azerbaijan Democ ...

and Armenia ends the Armenian–Azerbaijani War and concludes with their incorporation into the Soviet Union. * May 21: The Mexican Revolution ends. * September 5:

Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...

launches

Non-cooperation movement The Non-cooperation movement was a political campaign launched on 4 September 1920, by Mahatma Gandhi to have Indians revoke their cooperation from the British government, with the aim of persuading them to grant self-governance.

. * Greece restores its monarchy after a

referendum A referendum (plural: referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue. This is in contrast to an issue being voted on by a representative. This may result in the adoption of a ...

1921

* January 25: Premiere of the science-fiction play '' R.U.R.'' (Rossum's Universal Robots), in which the word "robot" was first used. * February–March:

invades

Georgia Georgia most commonly refers to: * Georgia (country), a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia * Georgia (U.S. state), a state in the Southeast United States Georgia may also refer to: Places Historical states and entities * Related to the ...

and incorporates it into the Soviet Union. * March 4:

Warren G. Harding Warren Gamaliel Harding (November 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923) was the 29th president of the United States, serving from 1921 until his death in 1923. A member of the Republican Party, he was one of the most popular sitting U.S. presidents. A ...

is inaugurated as President of the United States. * July 29:

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 188930 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician who was dictator of Nazi Germany, Germany from 1933 until Death of Adolf Hitler, his death in 1945. Adolf Hitler's rise to power, He rose to power as the le ...

becomes

Führer ( ; , spelled or ''Fuhrer'' when the umlaut is not available) is a German word meaning "leader" or " guide". As a political title, it is strongly associated with the Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler. Nazi Germany cultivated the ("leader princip ...

of the

Nazi Party The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (german: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported t ...

hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, ...

begins. * October 18: End of the Polish-Soviet War. * November 9: The Italian

National Fascist Party The National Fascist Party ( it, Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF) was a political party in Italy, created by Benito Mussolini as the political expression of Italian Fascism and as a reorganization of the previous Italian Fasces of Combat. Th ...

is established by Benito Mussolini. * November 17: End of the

. * December 15: Coup brings the Pahlavi dynasty to power in Iran.

1922

* February 2:

James Joyce James Augustine Aloysius Joyce (2 February 1882 – 13 January 1941) was an Irish novelist, poet, and literary critic. He contributed to the modernist avant-garde movement and is regarded as one of the most influential and important writers of ...

publishes '' Ulysses''. * February 6: **

Pius XI Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City f ...

becomes Pope. ** The

Washington Naval Treaty The Washington Naval Treaty, also known as the Five-Power Treaty, was a treaty signed during 1922 among the major Allies of World War I, which agreed to prevent an arms race by limiting naval construction. It was negotiated at the Washington Nav ...

is signed. * February 28: Egypt gains independence from the United Kingdom, though British forces still occupy the Suez Canal. * June 16: End of

. * June 28: The Irish Civil War begins. * October 23: Conservative Bonar Law becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * October 28:

March on Rome The March on Rome ( it, Marcia su Roma) was an organized mass demonstration and a coup d'état in October 1922 which resulted in Benito Mussolini's National Fascist Party (PNF) ascending to power in the Kingdom of Italy. In late October 1922, ...

brings Benito Mussolini to power in Italy. * November 1:

Ottoman Sultanate The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

abolished by the

Turkish Grand National Assembly The Grand National Assembly of Turkey ( tr, ), usually referred to simply as the TBMM or Parliament ( tr, or ''Parlamento''), is the unicameral Turkish legislature. It is the sole body given the legislative prerogatives by the Turkish Const ...

; Sultan Mehmed VI is deposed. * November 4: Howard Carter discovers Tutankhamen's tomb. * November 14:

British Broadcasting Corporation #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board ex ...

(BBC) established. * December 6:

Irish Free State The Irish Free State ( ga, Saorstát Éireann, , ; 6 December 192229 December 1937) was a state established in December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921. The treaty ended the three-year Irish War of Independence between ...

is established, while the Province of

Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...

is created within The

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

. * December 16:

Gabriel Narutowicz Gabriel Józef Narutowicz (; 29 March 1865 – 16 December 1922) was a Polish professor of hydroelectric engineering and politician who served as the first President of Poland from 11 December 1922 until his assassination on 16 December, five d ...

, President of

, is assassinated. * December 30: The

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

(USSR), the world's first officially Communist state, is formed. * The union of Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador is dissolved. * The Italian reconquest of

begins. * Mohandas Gandhi calls off

1923 Events January–February * January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory). * January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, t ...

* March 3: ''Time'' Magazine is first published. * May 22: Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * May 24: The Irish Civil War ends. * June 9: A

military coup A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

ousts and kills Bulgarian Prime Minister

Aleksandar Stamboliyski Aleksandar Stoimenov Stamboliyski ( bg, Александър Стоименов Стамболийски; 1 March 1879 – 14 June 1923) was the prime minister of Bulgaria from 1919 until 1923. Stamboliyski was a member of the Agrarian Union, ...

. * August 2: Death of

; Vice President Calvin Coolidge assumes office as President of the United States. * September 1: The Great Kantō earthquake kills at least 105,000 people in Japan. * October 11:

ends;

Ankara Ankara ( , ; ), historically known as Ancyra and Angora, is the capital of Turkey. Located in the central part of Anatolia, the city has a population of 5.1 million in its urban center and over 5.7 million in Ankara Province, maki ...

replaces

Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...

as its capital. * October 29: Kemal Atatürk becomes the first President of the newly established Republic of Turkey. * October 16: The

Walt Disney Company The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney (), is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios complex in Burbank, California. Disney was originally founded on October ...

is founded. * November 8: The Beer Hall Putsch, an attempt to overthrow the

, ends in failure and brief imprisonment for

but brings the

to national attention. * November 15:

Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, ...

ends with the introduction of the Rentenmark.

1924 Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China holds ...

* January 21: The death of

Vladimir Lenin Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov. ( 1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin,. was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the first and founding head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1 ...

triggers power struggle between

Leon Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian ...

and

Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secretar ...

. * January 22: Ramsay MacDonald becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom; first Labour Party prime minister. * January 25 – February 5: The first edition of the Winter Olympic Games is hosted in

Chamonix Chamonix-Mont-Blanc ( frp, Chamôni), more commonly known as Chamonix, is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France. It was the site of the first Winter Olympics in 1924. In 2019, it had ...

, France. * February 12: ''

Rhapsody in Blue ''Rhapsody in Blue'' is a 1924 musical composition written by George Gershwin for solo piano and jazz band, which combines elements of classical music with jazz-influenced effects. Commissioned by bandleader Paul Whiteman, the work premiered i ...

'' by

George Gershwin George Gershwin (; born Jacob Gershwine; September 26, 1898 – July 11, 1937) was an American composer and pianist whose compositions spanned popular, jazz and classical genres. Among his best-known works are the orchestral compositions ' ...

premieres in New York City. * March 3: The

Caliphate A caliphate or khilāfah ( ar, خِلَافَة, ) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph (; ar, خَلِيفَة , ), a person considered a political-religious successor to th ...

is abolished by Kemal Atatürk. * May 10: The U.S.

Federal Bureau of Investigation The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, ...

founded under

J. Edgar Hoover John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an American law enforcement administrator who served as the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He was appointed director of the Bureau of Investigation � ...

. * May 24:

Immigration Act of 1924 The Immigration Act of 1924, or Johnson–Reed Act, including the Asian Exclusion Act and National Origins Act (), was a United States federal law that prevented immigration from Asia and set quotas on the number of immigrants from the Eastern ...

significantly restricts immigration from Asia, the Middle East, and Southern Europe to USA. * August 28: The

August Uprising The August Uprising ( ka, აგვისტოს აჯანყება, tr) was an unsuccessful insurrection against Soviet rule in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from late August to early September 1924. Aimed at restoring the in ...

in Georgia against Soviet rule. * November 4: Conservative Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

1925 Events January * January 1 ** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria. * January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the Itali ...

* January 3: Benito Mussolini delivers a speech to begin his dictatorship. * March–April: First televisual image introduced by

John Logie Baird John Logie Baird FRSE (; 13 August 188814 June 1946) was a Scottish inventor, electrical engineer, and innovator who demonstrated the world's first live working television system on 26 January 1926. He went on to invent the first publicly dem ...

. * July 18: Hitler's '' Mein Kampf'' is published. * October 5 – 16: Locarno Treaties signed. * Serum run to Nome.

1926 Events January * January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece. * January 8 Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz. Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne, the last monarch of Viet ...

* May 12 – 14: May Coup in Poland. * May 28: 28 May 1926 coup d'état in Portugal. * August 22: General Georgios Kondylis overthrows General Theodoros Pangalos in Greece. * December 25:

dies; his son, the

Emperor Shōwa Emperor , commonly known in English-speaking countries by his personal name , was the 124th emperor of Japan, ruling from 25 December 1926 until his death in 1989. Hirohito and his wife, Empress Kōjun, had two sons and five daughters; he was ...

(Hirohito) becomes Emperor of Japan.

1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General. * January 7 ...

* January 1: The

BBC #REDIRECT BBC #REDIRECT BBC Here i going to introduce about the best teacher of my life b BALAJI sir. He is the precious gift that I got befor 2yrs . How has helped and thought all the concept and made my success in the 10th board exam. ...

...

Chaco War The Chaco War ( es, link=no, Guerra del Chaco, gn, Cháko ÑorairõBolivia and

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

begins. * November–December: ** Failed

Emu War The Emu War, also known as the Great Emu War, was a nuisance wildlife management military operation undertaken in Australia over the later part of 1932 to address public concern over the number of emus said to be running amok and destroying ...

in Australia. ** Third Round Table Conference. * December 19: BBC World Service starts broadcasting. * The

neutron The neutron is a subatomic particle, symbol or , which has a neutral (not positive or negative) charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. Protons and neutrons constitute the nuclei of atoms. Since protons and neutrons beh ...

is discovered by

James Chadwick Sir James Chadwick, (20 October 1891 – 24 July 1974) was an English physicist who was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for his discovery of the neutron in 1932. In 1941, he wrote the final draft of the MAUD Report, which inspi ...

. * The Nazi party becomes the largest single party in the German parliament. *

Aldous Huxley Aldous Leonard Huxley (26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer and philosopher. He wrote nearly 50 books, both novels and non-fiction works, as well as wide-ranging essays, narratives, and poems. Born into the prominent Huxle ...

publishes ''

Brave New World ''Brave New World'' is a dystopian novel by English author Aldous Huxley, written in 1931 and published in 1932. Largely set in a futuristic World State, whose citizens are environmentally engineered into an intelligence-based social hiera ...

''.

1933

* January 30:

becomes Chancellor of Germany. * March 2: ''

King Kong King Kong is a fictional giant monster resembling a gorilla, who has appeared in various media since 1933. He has been dubbed The Eighth Wonder of the World, a phrase commonly used within the franchise. His first appearance was in the novelizat ...

'' is released in New York. * March 4:

Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin Delano Roosevelt (; ; January 30, 1882April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American politician and attorney who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. As the ...

is inaugurated as President of the United States, after being elected to the first of his record four terms. * March 27: Japan announces it will leave the

. * October 14: Germany announces its withdrawal from the League of Nations and the World Disarmament Conference, after the U.S., the U.K. and France deny its request to increase its defense armaments under the Versailles Treaty. * December 5: Prohibition in the United States is abolished. * New Deal begins in America. *

ends.

1934 Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maxi ...

* February 12 – 16: The Austrian Civil War results in Fascist victory. * March 24: The United States grants more autonomy to the

. * May 23: Bonnie and Clyde are shot to death in a police ambush. * June 30 – July 2:

instigates the

Night of the Long Knives The Night of the Long Knives (German: ), or the Röhm purge (German: ''Röhm-Putsch''), also called Operation Hummingbird (German: ''Unternehmen Kolibri''), was a purge that took place in Nazi Germany from 30 June to 2 July 1934. Chancellor Ad ...

, which cements his power over both the Nazi Party and Germany. * July 22:

John Dillinger John Herbert Dillinger (June 22, 1903 – July 22, 1934) was an American gangster during the Great Depression. He led the Dillinger Gang, which was accused of robbing 24 banks and four police stations. Dillinger was imprisoned several times an ...

is gunned down by the

FBI The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States and its principal federal law enforcement agency. Operating under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Justice, t ...

outside the

Biograph Theater The Biograph Theater on Lincoln Avenue in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, was originally a movie theater but now presents live productions. It gained early notoriety as the location where bank robber John Dillinger was ...

. * August 1: The

ends. * August 2: With the death of President Hindenburg, Hitler declares himself

of Germany. * October 16:

Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...

begins the

Long March The Long March (, lit. ''Long Expedition'') was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the National Army of the Chinese ...

. * November: David Toro overthrows the government of Bolivia in a military coup.

1935

* May 31: Establishment of

20th Century Fox 20th Century Studios, Inc. (previously known as 20th Century Fox) is an American film production company headquartered at the Fox Studio Lot in the Century City area of Los Angeles. As of 2019, it serves as a film production arm of Walt Dis ...

. * March 21:

Reza Shah , , spouse = Maryam Savadkoohi Tadj ol-Molouk Ayromlu (queen consort) Turan Amirsoleimani Esmat Dowlatshahi , issue = Princess Hamdamsaltaneh Princess Shams Mohammad Reza Shah Princess Ashraf Prince Ali Reza Prince Gholam Reza P ...

of Iran asks the international community to formally adopt the name "Iran" to refer to the country, instead of the name "Persia". * June 7: Stanley Baldwin becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * June 12:

Chaco War The Chaco War ( es, link=no, Guerra del Chaco, gn, Cháko ÑorairõNuremberg racial laws. * October 3: The Second Italo-Abyssinian War begins and goes until February 1937. It includes events such as the exile of

Haile Selassie Haile Selassie I ( gez, ቀዳማዊ ኀይለ ሥላሴ, Qädamawi Häylä Səllasé, ; born Tafari Makonnen; 23 July 189227 August 1975) was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He rose to power as Regent Plenipotentiary of Ethiopia (' ...

and the conquest of

Abyssinia The Ethiopian Empire (), also formerly known by the exonym Abyssinia, or just simply known as Ethiopia (; Amharic and Tigrinya: ኢትዮጵያ , , Oromo: Itoophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Afar: ''Itiyoophiyaa''), was an empire that historica ...

by Benito Mussolini. * October 23: William Lyon Mackenzie King becomes Prime Minister of Canada. * November 15: Manuel L. Quezon becomes President of the Philippines.

1936

* January 20: Edward VIII of the United Kingdom, Edward VIII becomes King of the British Commonwealth and Emperor of India. * May 9:

annexes Ethiopia. * July 17: Beginning of the Spanish Civil War. * September 7: "Benjamin", the last known thylacine, dies in Hobart Zoo. * October 31: Boy Scouts of the Philippines is founded. * December 11: After a reign shorter than one year, Edward VIII Edward VIII abdication crisis, abdicates and hands the throne to his brother, George VI of the United Kingdom, George VI. * The Hoover Dam is completed. * Great Purge begins under Stalin. * 1936-1939 Arab Revolt in Palestine against the British begins to oppose Jewish immigration. * George Nissen and Larry Griswold build the first modern trampoline.

1937

* May 6: German zeppelin LZ 129 Hindenburg, Hindenburg Hindenburg disaster, crashes in Lakehurst, New Jersey, ending the airship era. * May 28: Neville Chamberlain becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * July 7: Second Sino-Japanese War, Japanese invasion of China, and the beginning of World War II in the Far East. * August 28: Toyota founded in Japan by Kiichiro Toyoda. * September 21: J. R. R. Tolkien publishes ''The Hobbit''. * December 13: The Nanjing Massacre begins, ending about a month later in January 1938. It results in 40,000 to 200,000 deaths according to various estimates. * December 21: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film), Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is the first feature-length animated movie released. * The Irish Republican Army attempts to assassinate King George VI of the United Kingdom. * Volkswagen founded by the German Labour Front.

1938

* March 12: Anschluss unifies Germany and Austria. * April 18: DC Comics hero Superman has its first appearance. * June 15: Hungarian newspaper editor László Bíró fills a British patent of the first commercially successful ballpoint pen. This would popularize the instrument, currently the most widely used for writing, after World War II. * July 6 – 15: Évian Conference ends with all attendee nations save the Dominican Republic refusing to accept more Jewish refugees from the Third Reich. * September 30: Munich agreement hands Czechoslovakia to Nazi Germany. * November 9 – 10: Kristallnacht, a pogrom of over 90 Jews in Germany. * December: ''Time'' Magazine declares

as Man of the Year. * The Great Purge ends after nearly 700,000 executions.

1939

* March 2: Pius XII becomes

. * March 30: DC Comics, DC's ''Detective Comics''#27 marks the first appearance of Batman in comics. * April 1: End of Spanish Civil War; Francisco Franco becomes dictator of Spain. * July 15: DZRH first began broadcasting. * August 23: The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union. * August 25: Release date of MGM's ''The Wizard of Oz (1939 film), The Wizard of Oz''. * September 1–October: Invasion of Poland, Nazi invasion of Poland triggers World War II in Europe. Soviet invasion of Poland begins 16 days later. * September 3: Britain and France declare war on Germany; World War II begins. * September 13: Ferrari founded in Modena, Italy (as Auto Avio Costruzioni) by Enzo Ferrari. * December 15: Release date of ''Gone with the Wind (film), Gone with the Wind''. * The Palestinian revolt against the British ends.

1940s

1940

* January: 1940–44 insurgency in Chechnya, Chechen insurgency begins in Soviet Union. * February 7: Release date of Disney's ''Pinocchio (1940 film), Pinocchio''. * March 13: The Winter War between

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

and

ends with a costly victory for the USSR. * April–May: The Katyn massacre of Polish soldiers in USSR and the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states. * May 10: Winston Churchill becomes

. * May 15: McDonald's founded in San Bernardino, California. * May 26: Girl Scouts of the Philippines is founded. * May–June: Nazis invade Battle of France, France, Battle of the Netherlands, the Netherlands, Operation Weserübung, Denmark and Norway. * June: The Soviet Union Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (1940), annexes the Baltic states. * July–October: Battle of Britain, the first entirely aerial military campaign, becomes the first significant defeat for the Axis powers. * August 20:

is assassinated in Mexico. * September 7: The Blitz, a German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom, begins. * November 13: Release date of Disney's ''Fantasia (1940 film), Fantasia''. * Neptunium is synthesized.

1941

* June–December: Hitler commences Operation Barbarossa, the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union. * June 25: Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union begins. Siege of Tobruk in North Africa is the first major defeat for Hitler's land forces. * September 8: Siege of Leningrad begins. * October: ** Operation Reinhard commences the main phase of The Holocaust. ** ''All Star Comics''#8 marks the first appearance of Wonder Woman in comics. * October 23: Release date of Disney's ''Dumbo''. * December 7: The Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor leads to the USA joining World War II. *

Mount Rushmore Mount Rushmore National Memorial is a national memorial centered on a colossal sculpture carved into the granite face of Mount Rushmore (Lakota: ''Tȟuŋkášila Šákpe'', or Six Grandfathers) in the Black Hills near Keystone, South Dakot ...

construction ends.

1942

* April 9: Bataan Death March. * May 4 – 8: Battle of the Coral Sea. * May 5 – 6: Battle of Corregidor. * June 4 – 7: Battle of Midway. * July 1 – 27: First Battle of El Alamein. * August: ** Battle of Stalingrad and Guadalcanal Campaign begin. ** Japanese American internment, Internment of Japanese-American citizens in the US begins. * August 13: Release date of Disney's ''Bambi''. * October–November: Second Battle of El Alamein. * The Manhattan Project begins.

1943

* January 15: The Pentagon is completed. * February 2: Battle of Stalingrad ends with over two million casualties and the retreat of the German Army. * April–May: Warsaw Ghetto uprising fails. * May 15: American Broadcasting Company (ABC) founded in New York City. * July–August: The failed Battle of Kursk becomes the last Nazi offensive on the Eastern Front (World War II), Eastern Front. * October 14: José P. Laurel takes the oath of office as President of the Second Philippine Republic. * November–December: Tehran Conference between Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and

agrees to launch Operation Overlord. * A Bengal famine of 1943, famine in Bengal kills up to 3 million people.

1944

* January 27: The Siege of Leningrad ends with Soviet victory after over a million deaths. * February–March: Chechen insurgency ends with Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush, deportation of the entire Chechen population. * June 1: First operational electronic computer, Colossus computer, Colossus, comes online. * June 6: Normandy landings, D-Day landings in Normandy. * June–August: Soviet forces launch Operation Bagration on the Eastern Front, the biggest defeat in German military history. * July 20:

survives the 20 July plot to assassinate him led by Claus von Stauffenberg. * August 19 – 25: Liberation of Paris. * September 19: The Continuation War ends. * October–December: American and Filipino troops begin the Battle of Leyte in the

1945

* February 4 – 11: Yalta Conference. * February 13 – 15: Bombing of Dresden in World War II, Allied bombing of Dresden. * February: Death of Anne Frank. * February–March: Battle of Manila (1945), Battle of Manila. * March–July: Battle of Okinawa. * April 12: Death of

; Harry S. Truman, Vice President Harry Truman assumes office as President of the United States. * April–May: Battle of Berlin. * April 28: Execution of Benito Mussolini. * April 30: Suicide of Adolf Hitler, The Suicide of Adolf Hitler in Berlin as Nazi Germany collapses. * May: ** End of World War II in Europe. ** The Holocaust ends after ~12 million deaths, including 6 million Jews. * June 26: United Nations founded (UN Charter). * July 26: Clement Attlee becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * July–August: The Potsdam Conference divides Europe into Western and Soviet blocs. * August 6 – 9: Harry S. Truman orders the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. * August 15: Victory over Japan Day. * August 17: Independence of Indonesia proclaimed begin Indonesian National Revolution. * September 2: ** End of World War II in Asia with the beginning of the Surrender of Japan. ** Related subsequent announcement of the Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. * October 8: The microwave oven, microwave cooking oven is patented, with the one of the first prototypes placed at a Boston restaurant for testing. * October 29: In Brazil, Getúlio Vargas is deposed in a coup.

1946

* March 22: Independence of Jordan. * March 30: Greek Civil War begins. * June 2: Italy Italian constitutional referendum, 1946, becomes a republic. * June 9: Bhumibol Adulyadej becomes King of Thailand. * July 4: The Treaty of Manila (1946), Treaty of Manila declares Philippines independent. * August 16: Mustafa Barzani founds the Kurdistan Democratic Party. * September 30 – October 1: Nuremberg trials end. * October 27: French Fourth Republic established. * December 19: First Indochina War begins. * First images of the Earth taken from space.

1947

* March 12: Harry Truman establishes the Truman Doctrine of containment of Communism. * April 15: Jackie Robinson becomes the first baseball player of color. * July 26: Creation of the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. * August 14 – 15: Partition of India. Independence of India and Pakistan and beginning of First Indo-Pakistani War. * November–December: Three Bell Labs engineers give the first public demonstration of the transistor, an electrical component that could control, amplify, and generate current. * Breaking of the sound barrier. * Hyundai Group founded by Chung Ju-yung in Seoul, South Korea.

1948

* January 30: Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi. * February 4: Independence of Burma and Ceylon (Sri Lanka) from Britain. * April 3: The Marshall Plan, an American initiative for foreign aid of $13 billion to 16 Western European countries, comes into effect. * April 7: The World Health Organization (WHO) founded. * April 16: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) founded. * April 23: The Soviet ''Sever-2'' expedition become the first party to indisputably set foot on the

. * May 14: United Nations establishes Israeli Declaration of Independence, Israeli Independence and the formation of the official State of Israel. * May 15: The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, Arab–Israeli War begins. * June 24: Berlin Blockade begins. * August–September: Division of North Korea, North and South Korea. * September 24: Honda founded in Hamamatsu, Japan by Soichiro Honda and Takeo Fujisawa. * Beginning of apartheid in

1949

* January 5: The First Indo-Pakistani War ends. * January 5 – 8: COMECON founded by USSR and the Eastern Bloc. * March 10: The Arab–Israeli War ends. * April 4: The Creation of NATO. * April 28: Former First Lady Aurora Quezon, Aurora Aragon–Quezon is killed in an ambush in the Philippines. * May 12: Berlin Blockade ends. * May 23: Creation of NATO-backed Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany). * June 8: George Orwell publishes ''Nineteen Eighty-Four''. * October 1: Establishment of the People's Republic of China under Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, CCP Chairman

; The Republic of China relocates to Taiwan. * October 7: Creation of the socialist German Democratic Republic (East Germany). * Partition of Kashmir. * Soviet Union tests the atomic bomb.

1950s

1950

* January 26: The Constitution of India comes into effect. * February 15: Release date of Disney's ''Cinderella (1950 film), Cinderella''. * June 25: North Korean invasion of South Korea begins the Korean War. * June–September: The Bodo League Massacre of prisoners during the Korean War. * August–September: North Korean forces capture most of Korea, to the Battle of Pusan Perimeter, Pusan Perimeter. * August 25: ''Bertie the Brain'', one of the first computer games, is released. * September–November: UN forces reclaim Seoul and UN offensive into North Korea, invade North Korea. * October: Alan Turing publishes the Turing test, one of the most influential yet controversial concepts in artificial intelligence research. * November 17: Lhamo Dondrub assumes full political powers as the 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet. * Communist victory in the Landing Operation on Hainan Island (March–May) and Wanshan Archipelago Campaign end the

Chinese Civil War The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China and forces of the Chinese Communist Party, continuing intermittently since 1 August 1927 until 7 December 1949 with a Communist victory on m ...

(May–August).

1951

* July 1: Colombo Plan, a regional organisation of 27 countries designed to strengthen economic and social development of member countries in the Asia-Pacific region, commences. * July 28: Release date of Disney's ''Alice in Wonderland (1951 film), Alice in Wonderland''. * September 8: The Treaty of San Francisco ends the Occupation of Japan and formally concludes hostilities between Japan and the US. * September 18: Release date of the acclaimed science fiction film ''The Day the Earth Stood Still''. * October 26: Winston Churchill becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * The

has the atomic bomb.

1952

* February 6: Queen Elizabeth II becomes Monarch of the Commonwealth realms. * May: Bonn–Paris conventions end allied occupation of West Germany. * May 2: The first passenger jet flight route opens between London and Johannesburg. * May 27: European Defence Community formed. * June 28: Establishment of Miss Universe. * July 23: Egyptian Revolution of 1952, Egyptian Revolution under Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrows King Farouk and ends British occupation. * November 1: The United States successfully detonates the first hydrogen bomb, codenamed "Ivy Mike", at Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands in the central Pacific Ocean, with a yield of 10.4 megatons. * Development of the first effective polio vaccine by Jonas Salk. * The Mau Mau Uprising begins in Kenya. * The Slansky Trial in Czechoslovakia.

1953

* January 20: Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated as President of the United States. * February 5: Release date of Disney's ''Peter Pan (1953 film), Peter Pan''. * March 5: Death of Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin, Stalin. * April 25: Discovery of the three-dimensional structure of DNA. * May 9: Possession of Clarita Villanueva. * June 2: Coronation of Elizabeth II. * June 16 – 17: An Uprising of 1953 in East Germany, East German Uprising leads to the arrest and execution of Lavrentiy Beria; power struggle begins between Georgy Malenkov and Nikita Khrushchev. * May 29: 1953 British Mount Everest expedition, First ascent of Mount Everest. * July 27: End of the Korean War. * August 19: Mohammed Mossadeq deposed in Iran. * October 23: ABS-CBN first began broadcasting. * November 9: Independence of Cambodia. * December 30: Ramon Magsaysay becomes the 7th President of the Philippines. * Elvis Presley's musical career is launched. * The first color television is produced. * "Insta-Burger King" founded in Jacksonville, Florida.

1954

* April 12: The song ''Rock Around the Clock'', by Bill Haley and His Comets, brings rock and roll to the American mainstream. * May 17: The Supreme Court of the United States decides ''Brown v. Board of Education'', ordering an end to Racial segregation in the United States, racial segregation in State school, public schools. * July 29: J. R. R. Tolkien publishes ''The Fellowship of the Ring'', the first volume of ''The Lord of the Rings''. * August 1: First Indochina War ends. * September 3: First Taiwan Strait Crisis begins. * September 14: The

generates first electricity by nuclear power. * October 23: The Western European Union is established. * November 1: Algerian War begins. * November 3: ''Godzilla (1954 film), Godzilla'' is released in Japan. * Two Miami-based franchisees, David Edgerton and James McLamore, purchase the company "Insta-Burger King" and rename it "Burger King".

1955

* February 24: Formation of the Central Treaty Organization. * March 12: Death of Charlie Parker, American jazz saxophonist and composer. * April 6: Anthony Eden becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * April 12: The Salk polio vaccine having passed large-scale trials earlier in the United States, receives full approval by the Food and Drug Administration. * April 18: Death of

. * April 18 – 24: Bandung Conference. * May 1: First Taiwan Strait Crisis ends. * May 14: Signing of the Warsaw Pact. * June 22: Release date of Disney's ''Lady and the Tramp''. * August 18: First Sudanese Civil War begins. * September 30: Death of James Dean, American actor. * After winning the power struggle that followed Stalin's death two years earlier, Nikita Khrushchev assumes control of the

. * Antimatter first produced.

1956

* January 1: Independence of Sudan from Britain. * March 20: Independence of Tunisia from France. * March 23: Full independence of Pakistan. * June 28–30: 1956 Poznań protests against the communist government of the Polish People's Republic. * October 29 – November 7: Nasser's nationalisation of the Suez Canal triggers the Suez crisis. * November 11: The Hungarian Uprising of 1956, Hungarian Uprising crushed by Soviet troops. * Construction of Brasília, the new capital of Brazil to replace Rio de Janeiro, begins.

1957

* January 10: Harold Macmillan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * March 6: Independence of Ghana from Britain. * March 17: Philippines, Philippine President Ramon Magsaysay and 24 others are killed in a 1957 Cebu Douglas C-47 crash, plane crash. * March 25: Treaty of Rome, which would eventually lead to the European Union. * August 31: Independence of the Federation of Malaya. * October 4: Launch of ''Sputnik 1'' and the beginning of the Space Age. * November 3: Laika becomes the first animal launched into Earth orbit. * December 20: First flight of the Boeing 707. * First prescription of the combined oral contraceptive pill. * Beginning of the Asian flu in China, leading to a worldwide pandemic that lasts until the following year.

1958

* May 31: Pizza Hut founded. * May: May 1958 crisis in France. * July 29:

formed. * July–October: 1958 Lebanon crisis. * August 23: Federal Aviation Administration formed. * August–September: Second Taiwan Strait Crisis. * October 4: French Fifth Republic established. * October 28: Pope John XXIII, John XXIII becomes Pope. * November: Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) founded. CND's symbol, the peace sign, is first used. * Invention of the optical disc and the cassette tape. *Start of the Great Leap Forward, great leap forward in China.

1959

* January 1: Cuban Revolution ends. * January 3: Admission of Alaska, the 49th state, into the United States. * January 29: Disney's ''Sleeping Beauty (1959 film), Sleeping Beauty'' premieres. * February 3: Rock and roll musicians Ritchie Valens, Buddy Holly and The Big Bopper The Day the Music Died, die in a plane crash. * March 9: Mattel's Barbie doll debuts in the United States. * February 19: Independence of Cyprus. * March 10 – 23: 1959 Tibetan uprising, Uprising in Tibet against China leads to the exile of the Dalai Lama. * August 21: Admission of Hawaii, the 50th state, into the United States. * October 7: The U.S.S.R. probe ''Luna 3'' sends back the first ever photos of the far side of the Moon. * November 1: Beginning of the Vietnam War, which lasted for almost twenty years until 1975. * November 18: The Oscar-winning film ''Ben-Hur (1959 film), Ben-Hur'' premieres. *

World population In demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living. It was estimated by the United Nations to have exceeded 8 billion in November 2022. It took over 200,000 years of human prehistory and history for th ...

reaches three billion. * Laotian Civil War begins. * Great Chinese Famine begins in China. * First documented AIDS cases. * By this time, the

gulag The Gulag, an acronym for , , "chief administration of the camps". The original name given to the system of camps controlled by the GPU was the Main Administration of Corrective Labor Camps (, )., name=, group= was the government agency in ...

has been effectively disbanded, after over a million recorded deaths.

1960s

1960

* January 22: First crewed descent to the deepest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench. * March 21: The Sharpeville Massacre, in which the police opened fire against a protesting crowd at a police station in the South African township of Sharpeville in Transvaal, resulting in 69 deaths and 180 injuries. * April 21: Construction of Brasília, Brazil's new capital, finished. * May 1: 1960 U-2 incident sparks deterioration in relations between superpowers. * May 9: The Combined oral contraceptive pill, birth control pill becomes commercially available. * May 16: Construction of the first laser. * May 22: ** An 1960 Valdivia earthquake, earthquake in Valdivia, Chile of magnitude 9.4 to 9.6, the highest ever recorded, causes 1,000 to 6,000 deaths. ** American boxer Muhammad Ali wins gold. * September 18 – 25: The 1960 Summer Paralympics, first edition of the Summer Paralympic Games is hosted in Rome. * September 30: The first episode of ''The Flintstones'' airs on ABC. * October 12: Inejiro Asanuma, a Japanese socialist politician, is assassinated during a broadcast on TV. * November 8: The 1960 United States presidential election marks the first televised debates between presidential candidates. * European Free Trade Association formed. * Year of Africa: Independence of 17 African nations. * Khrushchev withdraws Soviet cooperation with China, initiating the Sino-Soviet split. * Mau Mau Uprising ends. * The Beatles form in Liverpool.

1961

* January 17: The assassination of Patrice Lumumba begins the Congo Crisis. * January 20: John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as President of the United States. * January 25: Release date of Disney's ''One Hundred and One Dalmatians''. * April 12: Yuri Gagarin, flying the Vostok 1 spacecraft as part of the Vostok program, becomes the first human spaceflight, human in space. * April 17–20: Bay of Pigs Invasion by Cuban exiles ends in failure. * May 25: In an address to Congress, John F. Kennedy declares the United States' objective of "landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to the Earth" by the end of the decade. This would be in fact achieved by the Apollo Project, despite several challenges and much doubt. * August 13: Construction of the Berlin Wall. * September 18: UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjöld dies in a plane crash. * The Great Leap Forward ends in China after the deaths of roughly 20–45 million people.

1962

* March 19: The Algerian War ends with the independence of Algeria. * May: Marvel Comics, Marvel's ''The Incredible Hulk'' marks the first appearance of the superhero. * July 2: Walmart founded in Rogers, Arkansas by Sam Walton. * August: Marvel Comics, Marvel's ''Amazing Fantasy''#15 marks the first appearance of Spider-Man in comics. * August 4: Death of Marilyn Monroe. * September 26: A coup ends the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen, establishing the Yemen Arab Republic and starting the North Yemen Civil War. * October 11: The Second Vatican Council is opened by Pope John XXIII. * October 16 – 29: The Cuban Missile Crisis nearly causes nuclear war. * October–November: The Sino-Indian War, caused by a border dispute in Aksai Chin, ends with a Chinese victory.

1963

* January 1: Premiere of the ''Astro Boy (1963 TV series), Astro Boy'' anime, the first to be broadcast overseas. * January 20: ** Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation begins. ** Birmingham campaign. * March 22: The Beatles' first record, ''Please Please Me'', and the beginnings of the British Invasion. * May 8: Beginning of the Buddhist crisis in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War. * May 27: Bob Dylan releases ''The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan''. * June 21: Pope Paul VI, Paul VI becomes Pope. * July 26: Launch of the first geostationary satellite, Syncom 2. * August 28: Martin Luther King Jr. delivers "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. * October 19: Alec Douglas-Home becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * November 2: 1963 South Vietnamese coup, with the arrest and assassination of Ngo Dinh Diem, the South Vietnamese President. * November 22: Assassination of John F. Kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson, Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson assumes office as President of the United States. * December 10 – 12: Independence of Kenya and Zanzibar and creation of Malaysia. * December 25: Release date of Disney's ''The Sword in the Stone (1963 film), The Sword in the Stone''.

1964

* January 12: Zanzibar Revolution overthrows Afro Shiraz ruling class; Zanzibar merges with Tanganyika (1961–1964), Tanganyika to form Tanzania. * February 7: The Beatles in the United States, The Beatles' first visit to the United States. * March 31 – April 1: 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, A coup d'état establishes a military dictatorship in Brazil. * May 27: Colombian conflict, Colombian armed conflict begins. * July 2: Civil Rights Act of 1964, Civil Rights Act abolishes segregation in the USA. * July 4: Rhodesian Bush War begins. * July 6: Independence of Malawi. * August 2: The Gulf of Tonkin incident led to the escalation of U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War. * August 29: Release date of Disney's ''Mary Poppins (film), Mary Poppins''. * September 21: Independence of

Malta Malta ( , , ), officially the Republic of Malta ( mt, Repubblika ta' Malta ), is an island country in the Mediterranean Sea. It consists of an archipelago, between Italy and Libya, and is often considered a part of Southern Europe. It lies ...

. * October 14: Leonid Brezhnev ousts Khrushchev and assumes power in the Soviet Union. * October 16: Harold Wilson becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * November 28: NASA launches the Mariner 4 space probe from Cape Kennedy toward Mars to take television pictures of that planet in July 1965. * Establishment of Binibining Pilipinas, the longest running beauty pageant competition in the Philippines.

1965

* January 24: Death of Winston Churchill. * February 21: Death of Malcolm X. * March 17: The Voting Rights Act of 1965, inspired by the Selma to Montgomery marches. * April 26: Establishment of Rede Globo, now the largest TV network in Brazil and Latin America and the second-largest in the world after American Broadcasting Company, ABC. * May 18: Israeli spy Eli Cohen is hanged in Damascus. * August 9: Singapore gains independence. * August 30: Bob Dylan releases Highway 61 Revisited. * August–September: Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Second Indo-Pakistani War. * September 30: 30 September Movement in the Indonesia. * November 24 – 25: Congo Crisis ends; Joseph Mobutu becomes dictator of the Congo. * December 8: Second Vatican Council is closed by Pope Paul VI. * December 30: Ferdinand Marcos becomes President of the Philippines. * Beginning of the anti-Communist Indonesian killings of 1965–1966, purge in Indonesia, which killed up to 500,000 people.

1966

* April 30: The Church of Satan is established in San Francisco by Anton LaVey. * May 16: ** The Beach Boys release ''Pet Sounds''. ** China's Cultural Revolution begins. * August 11: The Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation ends. * September 30: Independence of Botswana. * October 4: Independence of Lesotho. * October 21: The Aberfan disaster, the catastrophic collapse of a colliery spoil tip (pile of waste coal mining material) in Aberfan, Wales results in 144 deaths. * November 30: Independence of Barbados. * December 15: Death of Walt Disney. * Joseph Weizenbaum, a German computer scientist at MIT, completes ELIZA, the first ever chatbot.

1967

* April 21: Greek military coup establishes a Greek military junta of 1967–1974, military dictatorship led by Georgios Papadopoulos. The dictatorship ends in 1974. * June 5 – 10: The Six-Day War, a conflict between Israel and Arab states that resulted in Israel occupying the Gaza Strip, the Sinal Peninsula, the West Bank and the Golan Heights. * July 6: Attempted secession of the Republic of Biafra from Nigeria triggers the Nigerian Civil War. * July 17: Death of John Coltrane, American jazz saxophonist, clarinettist and composer. * August 8: Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) founded. * October 18: Release date of Disney's ''The Jungle Book (1967 film), The Jungle Book''. * May 26: The Beatles release their landmark album ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band''. * December 17: Australian Prime Minister of Australia, Prime Minister Harold Holt disappears while swimming at Cheviot Beach, Victoria (Australia), Victoria. * First high-speed rail introduced in Tokyo. * Mid-year: Summer of Love, in which as many as 100,000 people, mostly young people sporting hippie fashions of dress and behavior, converged in San Francisco's neighborhood of Haight-Ashbury.

1968

* January–March: Protests of 1968, Protests erupt in the United States, Europe and Latin America. * January–August: Prague Spring crushed by the Eastern Bloc Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, military intervention. * January–September: The Tet Offensive occurs in South Vietnam. * February 8:

releases ''Planet of the Apes (1968 film), Planet of the Apes''. * February 19: The US national debut of Mister Rogers' Neighborhood on National Educational Television, National Education Television (NET). * March 16: My Lai massacre, a mass murder and rape of unarmed South Vietnamese civilians by U.S. troops in the Vietnam War. * March 21: Battle of Karameh in Jordan (part of the War of Attrition between Israel and Arab states). * April 4: Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. during the Poor People's Campaign. * June 5: Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy during the Poor People's Campaign. * Another new strain of a Hong Kong flu, flu in British Hong Kong, Hong Kong spreads again. * The Troubles begin in

. * Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon begins.

1969

* January 13: Samsung Electronics founded in Suwon, South Korea. * January 20: Richard Nixon is inaugurated as President of the United States. * March 2: Concorde 001 flies from the first time, from Toulouse, piloted by André Turcat. * March–September: Sino-Soviet border conflict. * June 28 – July 3: The Stonewall riots in New York City instigate the LGBT social movements, gay rights movement. * July 20: Apollo 11 Moon landing, in which Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin become the first two humans on the moon. * August 8 – 9: Manson family#Family crimes, The Manson Family Murders – Under Charles Manson's orders, his followers, the "Manson Family" cult, enter the home of Hollywood actress Sharon Tate and murder her and four others. * August: The Woodstock festival in Bethel, New York, attracts an audience of more than 400,000. * September 1: Muammar Gaddafi overthrows King Idris of Libya in a Coup d'état and establishes the Libyan Arab Republic. * October 29: Creation of Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET), the earliest incarnation of the Internet. * November 10: ''Sesame Street'' premieres its debut episode. * November 11: Ferdinand Marcos is 1969 Philippine general election, re-elected to a four-year term as President of the Philippines.

1970s

1970

* January 15: The Nigerian Civil War ends with the reintegration of the Republic of Biafra with Nigeria after ~3 million deaths. * January 22: Maiden flight of the Boeing 747. * January 26 – March 17: First Quarter Storm. * February 18: The Chicago Seven are found not guilty of conspiring to incite riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. * March 5: Ratification of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. * April 1: U.S. President Richard Nixon, Richard M. Nixon signs Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act. * April 10: Break-up of the Beatles. * April 11: Apollo 13 (Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, Jack Swigert) is launched toward the Moon. * May 4: The Kent State massacre in Ohio leaves four students dead and nine injured. * June 19: Edward Heath becomes 1970 United Kingdom general election, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * July 4: The first episode of ''American Top 40'' airs on KECR, KDEO. * July 12: Thor Heyerdahl's papyrus boat ''Ra II'' arrived in Barbados, bringing an end to its journey across the Atlantic Ocean. * September 3: Death of Vince Lombardi. * September 6: Black September in Jordan begins, lasting until mid-1971. * September 18: Death of Jimi Hendrix. * September 28: Death of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser. * October–December: FLQ October Crisis, seizes hostages, causing Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau of Canada to issue the War Measures Act. * October 4: Death of Janis Joplin, American rock, soul and blues singer-songwriter. * October 5: The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) began broadcasting as a successor to National Educational Television (NET) in the United States. * October 15: Anwar Sadat becomes President of Egypt. * November 3 – 13: The Bhola Cyclone kills 500,000 people in East Pakistan. * November 14: Southern Airways Flight 932 crashed into a hillside near Kenova, West Virginia, killing all 75 people aboard, including 37 players and 5 coaches from the Marshall University American football, football team. * December 1: North Yemen Civil War ends. * December 14 – 19: 1970 Polish protests. * December 18: Establishment of Airbus. * December 21: Elvis Presley was welcomed to the White House by U.S. President Richard Nixon. * Containerisation adopted globally, massively boosting global trade.

1971

* January 25: Idi Amin seizes power in Uganda. * March 26: Bangladesh Liberation War occurred, independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan and precipitates Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Third Indo-Pakistani War. * April 20: NPR, National Public Radio (NPR) airs its first broadcast. * July 3: Death of Jim Morrison, American lead vocalist of the rock band the Doors. * July 5: The 26th Amendment to the United States Constitution, formally certified by President Richard Nixon, lowers the voting age from 21 to 18. * July 6: Death of Louis Armstrong, American musician among the most influential figures in jazz. * July 17: Black September in Jordan ends. * August 9 – 10: Operation Demetrius, Internment begins in Northern Ireland. * August 21: A bomb made of two hand grenades by communist rebels explodes in the Liberal Party (Philippines), Liberal Party campaign party in Plaza Miranda bombing, Plaza Miranda in Quiapo, Manila the

, injuring several anti-Ferdinand Marcos, Marcos political candidates. * October 27: Joseph Mobutu renames Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville), The Republic of the Congo Zaire. * November 15: Intel releases the world's first microprocessor, the Intel 4004. * December: Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Third Indo-Pakistani War. * Nixon shock removes gold back-up for the US Dollar triggering export of inflation from rich to poor nations. * COINTELPRO officially ends. * Greenpeace founded.

1972

* January: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman returns to Bangladesh from imprisonment in Pakistan. * January 30:

's Bloody Sunday (1972), Bloody Sunday. * February 21 – 28: U.S. President Richard Nixon, Richard M. Nixon makes an unprecedented 1972 Nixon visit to China, 8-day visit to the People's Republic of China and meets with

. * March 24: ''The Godfather'' premieres. * March 27: The First Sudanese Civil War ends. * May 8: The airplane serving Sabena Flight 571 from Brussels to Lod, Tel Aviv is hijacked by four members of the Black September Organization, a Palestinian terrorist group, resulting in 3 deaths and 3 injuries. * May 26: Richard Nixon and Leonid Brezhnev sign the SALT I treaty in Moscow, as well as the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty and other agreements. * May 30: Lod Airport massacre. * September 5 – 6: The Munich massacre, perpetrated by the Black September terrorist organization and aimed at the Israeli Olympic team, results in 17 total deaths. * September: ** Martial law under Ferdinand Marcos, Martial law declared in the

by President Ferdinand Marcos. ** Release date of the Magnavox Odyssey, the first commercial home video game console. * November 29: The arcade game ''Pong'', the first commercially successful video game, is released. * Release of ''A Computer Animated Hand'', one of the first ever computer animations.

1973

* January 22: The Supreme Court of the United States decides ''Roe v. Wade''. * March 1: Pink Floyd's album ''The Dark Side of the Moon'' is released in the UK. * May 3: Construction of the Sears Tower (later renamed to Willis Tower) completed. * May 14: The first space station, Skylab, is launched. * September 11: 1973 Chilean coup d'état. * October: 1973 oil crisis. * October 6 – 25: Yom Kippur War. * December 3: Pioneer 10 sends back the first close-up images of Jupiter. * 1973–1975 recession begins.

1974

* March 4: Harold Wilson becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * March 29: ** First close-up images of Mercury (planet), Mercury by Mariner 10. ** The Terracotta Army of Qin Shi Huang is discovered at Xi'an, China. * April 6: Sweden, Swedish pop group ABBA's song ''Waterloo (ABBA song), Waterloo'' wins the 1974 Eurovision Song Contest in Brighton, England, UK. * April 25: Carnation Revolution in

begins transition to democracy. * July–August: The Turkish invasion of Cyprus leads to the creation of the Northern Cyprus. * August 8 – 9: Watergate scandal: Presidency of Richard Nixon#Resignation of Richard Nixon, Resignation of Richard Nixon; Gerald Ford, Vice President Gerald Ford assumes office as President of the United States, the first person not elected as either President or Vice President to take the role. * September 12: Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia is overthrown in a 1974 Ethiopian coup d'état, military coup. Beginning of the Ethiopian Civil War. * November 8: Release date of Disney's ''Robin Hood (1973 film), Robin Hood''. * November 24: Discovery of "Lucy (Australopithecus), Lucy" (Australopithecus afarensis) in Tanzania's Olduvai Gorge. * Dirty War begins in Argentina. *

reaches four billion.

1975

* January: Altair 8800, the first commercially successful personal computer, is released. * April 4: Microsoft founded in Albuquerque, New Mexico by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. * April 9: Asia's first professional basketball league, the Philippine Basketball Association, plays its first game at the Araneta Coliseum. * April 13: Bus massacre in Lebanon triggers the Lebanese Civil War which lasts until 1990 * April 17: The Cambodian Civil War ends with victory for the Khmer Rouge. Cambodian genocide begins. * April 30: The Fall of Saigon ends the Vietnam War. * June 25: Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declares The Emergency (India), a state of emergency in India, suspending civil liberties and elections. * August 1: The Helsinki Accords, which officially recognize Europe's national borders and respect for human rights, are signed in Finland. * October 1: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a Thrilla in Manila, boxing match in Manila, Philippines. * November 11: Angola declares independence from Portugal and Angolan Civil War erupts. * November 20: Death of Francisco Franco. * November 22: Juan Carlos I becomes King of Spain. * December 7: Indonesian invasion of East Timor begins. * The Killing Fields murders begin.

1976

* March 24: 1976 Argentine coup d'état leads to a National Reorganization Process, military dictatorship in Argentina. * April 1: Steve Wozniak invents the Apple I and Steve Jobs then convinces Wozniak to sell the system, giving birth to Apple Inc., Apple Computer. * April 5: James Callaghan becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * July 4: Operation Entebbe, a successful counter-terrorist hostage-rescue mission carried out by commandos of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) at Entebbe Airport in Uganda. * September 9: ** Death of

. ** Release of VHS (Video Home System) in Japan. * October 6: End of Cultural Revolution. * Church Committee, a U.S. Senate select committee that investigated abuses by the CIA, NSA, FBI and Internal Revenue Service (IRS). * First outbreak of the Ebola virus in Zaire.

1977

* January 20: Jimmy Carter is inaugurated as President of the United States. * February 9: Queen Alia of Jordan is killed in helicopter crash. * March 27: The Tenerife disaster in the Canary Islands, with 583 fatalities, marks the deadliest accident in aviation history. * March–May: Shaba I conflict involves Safari Club. * May 25: Star Wars (film), Star Wars is released and quickly becomes the highest-grossing film of all time. * May 29: A. J. Foyt wins Indianapolis 500 for fourth time. * June 27: Djibouti gains independence from

. * July 1: Virginia Wade wins Wimbledon singles title in the centenary year of the tournament. * July 13: Somalia declares war on Ethiopia setting off the Ethio-Somali War. * August 16: Death of Elvis Presley. * August 20: ''Voyager 2'' launched by NASA. * September 5: ''Voyager 1'' launched by NASA. * September 5: German Autumn, Red Army Faction abduction of Hanns Martin Schleyer. * September 11: Release date of the Atari 2600 video game console in North America. * September 24: The first episode of ''The Love Boat'' airs on American Broadcasting Company, ABC. * October 19: Suicide of members of Baader-Meinhoff Group and murder of Hanns Martin Schleyer ends crisis in West Germany. * October 26: The last wild case of smallpox is Eradication of infectious diseases#Smallpox, eradicated by the WHO. * November 19: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to visit Israel in the hopes of establishing peace between the two countries. * December 25: Death of Charlie Chaplin. * Introduction of the first mass-produced personal computers.

1978

* February 5 – 7: The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100, and causing over US$520 million in damage. * March 14: 1978 South Lebanon conflict. * March 22: Karl Wallenda of The Flying Wallendas dies, after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico. * April 27: The War in Afghanistan (1978–present), War in Afghanistan begins with the Saur Revolution. * June 19: ''Garfield's'' first comic strip, originally published locally as ''Jon'' in 1976, goes into nationwide Print syndication, syndication. * June 22: Discovery of

Pluto Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object to directly orbit the Sun. It is the largest ...

's moon Charon (moon), Charon. * June 25: The Rainbow flag (LGBT), rainbow flag of the LGBT movement flies for the first time (in its original form) at the San Francisco Pride, San Francisco Gay Freedom Day Parade. * July: Louise Brown is the first child successfully born after her mother received in vitro fertilisation treatment. * August 26: John Paul I becomes pope. * September 17: The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt. * September 28: John Paul I dies, his papacy being one of the shortest in history. * October 1: Independence of Tuvalu from Britain. * October 9: The Uganda–Tanzania War begins. * October 16: John Paul II becomes pope. * November 18: Jim Jones's New religious movement, the Peoples Temple, ends in the organized mass killing and suicide of 920 people in Jonestown. * November 27: San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk are Moscone–Milk assassinations, assassinated by former Supervisor Dan White. * December 18: Deng Xiaoping commences the Chinese economic reform. * December 25: The Cambodian-Vietnamese War begins. * December 29: The current Constitution of Spain comes into effect, which for some marks the completion of the Spanish transition to democracy. * Beginning of the Nicaraguan Revolution. * Invention of artificial insulin.

1979

* January 7: The Cambodian–Vietnamese War#Invasion of Kampuchea, Vietnamese invasion of Kampuchea ends Cambodia's Khmer Rouge regime. * February–March: Sino-Vietnamese War. * February 11: The Iranian Revolution ends. Shah Reza Pahlavi is overthrown and forced into exile. * March 16: Central Treaty Organization dissolves. * March 28: The Three Mile Island accident, Three Mile Island nuclear accident, a partial meltdown of reactor number 2 of Three Mile Island Nuclear Generating Station (TMI-2) in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, near Harrisburg, and subsequent radiation leak. * May 4: Margaret Thatcher becomes the first female Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * June: Arrival of Pope John Paul II in

, eventually sparking the Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity movement. * June 3: The Uganda–Tanzania War ends with defeat for Uganda and the exile of Idi Amin. * June 11: Death of John Wayne. * July 30: ''Eat Bulaga!'' premieres its debut episode. * October 15: Beginning of the Salvadoran Civil War. * November 4: The Iran hostage crisis begins. * November–December: Grand Mosque seizure, Insurgensts seize the Grand Mosque in Mecca. * December 12: The Rhodesian Bush War ends. * December 24: The Soviet–Afghan War begins. * Implementation of China's one-child policy. * 1.7 million people known to have been murdered in the Killing Fields. * The Nicaraguan Revolution begins. * The 1979 oil crisis becomes the second one since 1973.

1980s

1980

* March 24: Assassination of Salvadoran Archbishop Oscar Romero. * April 18: Independence of Rhodesia, which becomes Zimbabwe. * April 30: Queen Beatrix becomes monarch of the Netherlands. * May 8: WHO announces the eradication of smallpox. * May 18: 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Skamania County, state of Washington (state), Washington, leaves approximately 57 deaths and $1 billion of property damage. * May 21: The Empire Strikes Back is released. * May 22: Release of Pac-Man, the best-selling arcade game. * June 1: Launch of Cable News Network (CNN). * July 1: Adoption of ''O Canada'' as the

national anthem A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. American, Central Asian, and Europea ...

of Canada. * July 30: Independence of Vanuatu. * August 31: Solidarity (Polish trade union), Solidarity union forms at Poland's Gdańsk Shipyard under Lech Wałęsa, and begins agitation for greater personal freedoms. * September 12: Birth of Yao Ming, former basketball player for the Houston Rockets. * September 22: Beginning of the Iran–Iraq War. * November 4: Ronald Reagan is elected as the 40th President of the United States, the oldest person to be elected. * November 13: Voyager 1 takes the first close-up pictures of Saturn. * December 8: Murder of John Lennon. * Invention of the Rubik's Cube.

1981

* January 17: Proclamation No. 1081, Martial Law is lifted in the

. * January 20: ** Ronald Reagan is inaugurated as President of the United States. ** Iran releases the 52 U.S. Iran hostage crisis, hostages held in Tehran after 444 days. * March 30: President Reagan and three others are injured after an Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan, assassination attempt. * April 12: First orbital flight of the Space Shuttle. * May 11: Reggae singer Bob Marley dies. * May 13: Pope John Paul II assassination attempt. * June 5: The History of HIV/AIDS#1981–1982: From GRID to AIDS, AIDS epidemic officially begins in the United States, having originated in Africa; making this to be an ongoing pandemic. * June 7: Operation Opera, a surprise airstrike conducted by the Israeli Air Force on an unfinished Iraqi nuclear reactor near Baghdad. * June 12: Release date of Steven Spielberg's ''Raiders of the Lost Ark''. * July 17: Two skywalks filled with people at the Hyatt Regency Hotel in Kansas City, Missouri, Hyatt Regency walkway collapse, collapse into a crowded atrium lobby, killing 114. * July 29: Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales, and Lady Diana Spencer. * August 1: Launch of MTV. * August 12: IBM Personal Computer released. * August 15: EWTN airs its first broadcast. * October 6: Assassination of Anwar Sadat. * December 13: Martial law in Poland begins.

1982

* February 2 – 28: The Hama massacre in Syria, a conflict between Syria and the Muslim Brotherhood, results in a decisive Syrian victory and about 10,000 deaths. * April 25: Israel withdraws from Sinai Peninsula. * April–June: Falklands War. * June 6: First Israeli 1982 Lebanon War, invasion of Lebanon begins. * June 11: Release date of Steven Spielberg's ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial''. * September 14: Princess Grace of Monaco dies following a car accident. * October 1: Sony releases the world's first commercially sold CD Player, the Sony CDP-101. * November 10 – 15: Death and state funeral of Leonid Brezhnev, Death of Leonid Brezhnev; Yuri Andropov becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. * November 30: Michael Jackson releases his landmark album ''Thriller (album), Thriller,'' the best-selling album of all time. * December 7: The first execution by lethal injection takes place in Texas.

1983

* January 1: Independence of Brunei. * April 18: The Bombing of U.S. Embassy in Beirut results in 63 deaths. * June 5: Second Sudanese Civil War begins. * July 15: Nintendo releases the Family Computer (Famicom) video game console in Japan. * August 21: Benigno Aquino Jr., Philippines, Philippine opposition leader, is Assassination of Benigno Aquino Jr., assassinated in Manila just as he returns from exile. * September 1: Korean Air Lines Flight 007, a scheduled flight from New York City to Seoul via Anchorage, Alaska, is shot down by a Soviet Su-15 interceptor, resulting in 269 fatalities and no survivors. This leads to the declassification of GPS development. * September 17: Vanessa L. Williams, Vanessa Lynn Williams becomes the first African-American to be crowned Miss America, in Atlantic City, New Jersey. * October 23: The 1983 Beirut barracks bombing, Beirut barracks bombing results in the deaths of 307 people, hastening the removal of international peacekeeping forces in Lebanon. * October 25 – 29: United States invasion of Grenada, Invasion of Grenada by the United States. * December 10: End of dictatorship in Argentina.

1984

* February 13: Konstantin Chernenko becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. * April 1: Murder of Marvin Gaye, Assassination of Marvin Gaye, American musician. * October 31: Assassination of Indira Gandhi, Indian Prime Minister. * December 3: Bhopal disaster. * December 19: Sino-British Joint Declaration agrees to hand Hong Kong back to China by 1997. * December 30: Birth of LeBron James, basketball player for the Los Angeles Lakers. * Operation Moses, the covert evacuation of Ethiopian Jews from Sudan during a civil war that caused a famine. * The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is recognized as the cause of HIV/AIDS, and research on zidovudine and other treatments gets underway. * Beginning of the 1983–85 famine in Ethiopia and the UK miners' strike (1984–85), 1984–85 UK miners' strike.

1985

* March 7: Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie, USA For Africa released We Are the World. * March 11: Mikhail Gorbachev becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. * March 15: End of military leadership in Brazil. * March 31: WWE holds their first WrestleMania I, WrestleMania event. * June: End of 1982 Lebanon War. * July 13: Live Aid. * August 20: Beginning of the Iran–Contra affair, a political scandal in the United States that occurred during the second term of the Reagan Administration involving the sale of arms to the Khomeini government of the Islamic Republic of Iran. * September 1: 73 years after the sinking of the RMS Titanic, infamous disaster, the wreck of the Titanic, wreck of the ''Titanic'' is found off the coast of Newfoundland by a joint French–American expedition led by Jean-Louis Michel (oceanographer), Jean-Louis Michel of IFREMER and Robert Ballard of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. * September 19: An 1985 Mexico City earthquake, earthquake in Mexico City, magnitude 8.0, kills from 5,000 to 45,000 people. * October 1: Release date of the Macintosh 128K, the first successful mass-market personal computer to feature a graphical user interface, built-in screen, and mouse. * October 18: North American release date of the Nintendo Entertainment System, a rebranding of Nintendo's Family Computer. * November 13: The Armero tragedy, in which 20,000 people die following the eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz stratovolcano in Tolima Department, Tolima, Colombia. * November 20: Windows 1.0, the first Microsoft Windows operating system, released. * First use of DNA fingerprinting.

1986

* January 12 – 24: South Yemen Civil War. * January 24: First close-up images of the planet Uranus. * January 28: Space Shuttle Challenger disaster, Challenger breaks apart 73 seconds into its flight, killing all seven crew members aboard. * February 22 – 25: People Power Revolution, End of dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos in the

. * February 28: Assassination of Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden. * March: Return of

. * April 15: U.S. planes bomb Libya in Operation El Dorado Canyon. * April 26: The Chernobyl disaster in Ukraine kills about 100 people. * October 11 – 12: A breakthrough in nuclear arms control at the Reykjavík Summit. * November 3: The Iran–Contra affair publicly announced.

1987

* January 22: Philippines, Philippine security forces Mendiola massacre, open fire on a crowd of 10,000–15,000 demonstrators at Malacañang Palace, Manila, killing 13 farmers and injuring 98 others. * February 2: The new Constitution of the Philippines goes into effect. * March 2: The first broadcast of ''TV Patrol'' airs on ABS-CBN. * July 27: Release of ''Never Gonna Give You Up'' by Rick Astley. * September: Release date of the Master System video game console in North America. * September 10: The Battle of Cuito Cuanavale, Angola begins and further intensifies the South African Border War. * September 13: A radioactive contamination Goiânia accident, accident in Goiânia, Brazil, leaves 249 people contaminated, four of which die. * September 15: Huawei founded in Shenzhen, China by Ren Zhengfei. * October 14: Rescue of Jessica McClure. * October 19: Black Monday (1987), Stock market crash of 1987. * November 18: The King's Cross fire on the London Underground kills 31 people and injures a further 100. * November 22: Max Headroom signal hijacking in Chicago (WGN-TV and WTTW). * November 25: Typhoon Nina (1987), Super Typhoon Nina smashes the

with winds and a devastating storm surge, causing destruction and 812 deaths. * December: The antidepressant drug fluoxetine (marketed as Prozac) becomes commercially available. * December 8: ** The First Intifada between Israel and State of Palestine, Palestine begins. ** The Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty is signed in Washington, D.C. by U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. * December 9: Windows 2.0 released. * December 20: The passenger ferry MV Doña Paz sinks after colliding with the oil tanker MT Vector 1 in the Tablas Strait in the Philippines, killing an estimated 4,000 people (history's worst peacetime maritime disaster). *

reaches five billion.

1988

* January 2: Beginning of the ''perestroika'' ("restructuring"), a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s associated with Gorbachev and his ''glasnost'' ("openness") policy reform. * January 13: Lee Teng-hui takes control of Taiwan and oversee end of martial law and full democratization of island. * January 18: 1988 Philippine local elections, First local elections under the new constitution of the Philippines are held. * March 16: The Halabja chemical attack is carried out by Iraqi government forces, killing thousands. * August 20: End of the Iran–Iraq War. * September 26: Canadian athlete Ben Johnson (Canadian sprinter), Ben Johnson disqualified after positive doping violation at Seoul Summer Olympics. * October 5: Chile's Augusto Pinochet loses a 1988 Chilean national plebiscite, national plebiscite on his rule. * October 29: Release date of the Mega Drive video game console in Japan. * November 2: Morris worm, first computer virus distributed through the internet. * November 8: George H. W. Bush is 1988 United States presidential election, elected

. * November 15: Israeli–Palestinian conflict; beginning with the independent State of Palestine being proclaimed from Algiers. * December 2: Benazir Bhutto elected Prime Minister of Pakistan months after restoration of civilian rule in the wake of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq's death in plane crash. * December 21: Pan Am Flight 103 is destroyed by a bomb and falls over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 270 people and leaving no survivors. * Myanmar Armed Forces launch a military coup. * The First Nagorno-Karabakh War begins. * Construction of the Channel Tunnel begins. * Invasive species, Zebra mussels, found in the Great Lakes system.

1989

* January 7:

(Hirohito) dies; his son, Akihito (the Emperor Heisei) becomes Emperor of Japan. * January 20: George H. W. Bush is inaugurated as President of the United States. * February 2: Alfredo Stroessner is overthrown in Paraguay. End of dictatorship. * February 14: Fatwa issued against Salman Rushdie. * February 15: End of the Soviet–Afghan War, Soviet war in Afghanistan. * March 24: Exxon Valdez oil spill, The oil tanker Exxon Valdez spills 10.8 million US gallons of crude oil after striking a reef, causing severe damage to the environment. * April–June: Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, Tiananmen Square Massacre, in which troops armed with assault rifles and accompanied by tanks fired at student-led demonstrations held in Tiananmen Square, Beijing, resulting in an undisclosed number of deaths (estimated in hundreds to thousands). * April 21: Release date of the Game Boy handheld console in Japan. * June 3: Ruhollah Khomeini Death and state funeral of Ruhollah Khomeini, dies; Ali Khamenei becomes Supreme Leader of Iran. * June 4: ** 1989 Polish legislative election although the elections were not entirely democratic, they led to the formation of a government led by Tadeusz Mazowiecki and a peaceful transition to democracy in Poland and elsewhere in Central and Eastern Europe. ** 1989 Tiananmen Square protests. A crackdown takes place in Beijing on the army's approach to the square, and the final stand-off in the square is covered live on television. * June 5: An unknown Chinese protester, "Tank Man", stands in front of a column of military tanks on Chang'an Avenue in Beijing, temporarily halting them, an incident which achieves iconic status internationally through images taken by Western photographers. * July 31: Release date of the Game Boy handheld console in North America. * August 14: North American release date of the Sega Genesis, a rebrand of Sega Mega Drive. * August 25: Voyager 2 makes its closest approach to Neptune and its largest moon, Triton (moon), Triton. * September 22: The first episode of ''Baywatch'' airs on NBC. * October 17: The 6.9 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, Loma Prieta earthquake shakes the San Francisco Bay Area and the Central Coast, killing 63. * November 9: Fall of the Berlin Wall; the Revolutions of 1989 and the collapse of the Eastern Bloc, Soviet Bloc begin in Europe, which leads to the end of the Cold War. * November 15 – December 17: The Brazilian presidential election, 1989, first direct Presidential election in Brazil since 1960. * November 17: Release date of Disney's ''The Little Mermaid (1989 film), The Little Mermaid''. * December 1 – 9: A military 1989 Philippine coup d'état attempt, coup attempt begins in the

against the government of President of the Philippines, Philippine President Corazon C. Aquino. * December 17: The first episode of ''The Simpsons'' premieres on Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox. * December 20: The United States invasion of Panama begins. * December 24: The First Liberian Civil War begins. * December 25: Trial and execution of Nicolae and Elena Ceaușescu in Romania.

1990s

1990

* January 31: The first McDonald's in Moscow, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR opens 8 months after construction began on May 3, 1989. * February 11: Nelson Mandela is released from Drakenstein Correctional Centre, Victor Verster Prison outside Cape Town, South Africa after 27 years as a political prisoner. * March 11: End of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet in

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

. * March 27: The United States begins broadcasting Radio y Televisión Martí to

. * April 24 – May 20: Launch of the Hubble Space Telescope. * April 7: ''Scandinavian Star'', a The Bahamas, Bahamas-registered ferry, catches fire en route from Norway to Denmark, leaving 158 dead. * May 22: ** Yemen Arab Republic, North and South Yemen Yemeni unification, unify to form the Republic of Yemen. ** Windows 3.0 released. * June 21: The 7.4 1990 Manjil–Rudbar earthquake, Manjil–Rudbar earthquake affects northern Iran with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extreme''), killing 35,000–50,000, and injuring 60,000–105,000. * July 8: Germany national football team, West Germany defeats Argentina national football team, Argentina 1–0 to win the 1990 FIFA World Cup. * July 16: 1990 Luzon earthquake, An earthquake in Luzon happens, measuring kills more than 1,600 in the

. * August 2–4: ** The Gulf War begins with the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. ** The first ban of smoking in bars in the US is passed in San Luis Obispo, California. * August 24: SCTV (Indonesia), SCTV first began broadcasting. * September 6: Myanmar Armed Forces place Aung San Suu Kyi under house arrest. * October 3: German reunification. * November 21: Release date of the Super Famicom in Japan. * November 28: John Major becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * December 20: Tim Berners-Lee publishes the first web site, which described the World Wide Web project. * The Contra War ends. * The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change releases its IPCC First Assessment Report, first assessment report, linking increases in carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere, and a resultant rise in global temperature, to human activities.

1991

* February 28: The Gulf War ends in US withdrawal and a 1991 uprisings in Iraq, failed uprising. * March 3: A video captures the beating of motorist Rodney King by Los Angeles police officers. Four Los Angeles Police Department, Los Angeles police officers are indicted on March 15 for the beating. * March 23: Beginning of the Sierra Leone Civil War. * April 4: U.S. senator, U.S. Senator John Heinz and six other people are killed when a Merion air disaster, helicopter collides with their plane over Merion Station, Pennsylvania, Merion, Pennsylvania. * May 15: The first episode of ''Maalaala Mo Kaya'' premieres on ABS-CBN. * May 16: Elizabeth II becomes the first British Monarch, British monarch to address the United States Congress, U.S. Congress during a 13-day royal visit in Washington, D.C. * May 21: Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, Indian Prime Minister. * May 24 – 25: Operation Solomon, a covert Israeli military operation to airlift Ethiopian Jews to Israel. * June 10: Eleven-year-old Jaycee Lee Dugard is kidnapped in South Lake Tahoe, California; she would remain a captive until 2009. * June 12 – 15: Mount Pinatubo erupts with a VEI, Volcanic Explosivity Index of 6 and reduces global temperatures. * June 27 – July 7: The Ten-Day War in Slovenia begins the Yugoslav Wars. * June 30: The Vizconde murders, massacre of Estrellita, Carmela, and Jennifer Vizconde in the

. * July 1: ** President George H. W. Bush Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination, nominates the controversial Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court of the United States to replace Thurgood Marshall, who had announced his retirement. ** The world's first GSM telephone call is made in

. * July 10: Boris Yeltsin becomes the first President of Russia, President of

. * July 11: A Solar eclipse of July 11, 1991, solar eclipse of record totality occurs in the Northern hemisphere. It is seen by 20 million people in Hawaii, Mexico, and Colombia. * July 22: Tracy Edwards escapes Jeffrey Dahmer's apartment and flags down a police car and the cops search through Jeffrey's stuff and find photographs of dismembered bodies and other gruesome images, which finally leads to the arrest of Jeffrey Dahmer and ends his killing spree. * August 12: North American release date of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System, a rebranding of the Super Famicom. * August 19: Soviet coup attempt of 1991, A coup occurs in response to a new union treaty to be signed on August 20. * August 25: Michael Schumacher, regarded as one of the greatest History of Formula One, Formula One drivers in history, makes his Formula One debut at the 1991 Belgian Grand Prix, Belgian Grand Prix. * September 16: The Senate of the Philippines rejects the bilateral treaty with United States which would have extended American use of Subic Bay Naval Base. * September 19: Ötzi, Ötzi the Iceman is found in the Alps. * September 24: Nirvana (band), Nirvana releases ''Nevermind'', its landmark second album. * September 28: Death of Miles Davis, American trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. * October 3: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives Tom Foley announces the House banking scandal, closure of the House Bank by the end of the year after revelations that House members have written numerous bad checks. * October 5: Linus Torvalds launches the first version of the Linux kernel. * October 30 – November 1: Madrid Conference of 1991. * Early November: Tropical Storm Thelma lashes into Eastern Visayas, leaving 8,000 people dead. * November 24: Death of Freddie Mercury, British singer, songwriter, and record producer. * November 22: Release date of Disney's ''Beauty and the Beast (1991 film), Beauty and the Beast''. * December 26: ** Dissolution of the Soviet Union and independence of 15 former Soviet republics. ** Beginning of the Algerian Civil War. * Beginning of the Somali Civil War. * 1991 1991 Sino-Soviet Border Agreement, Sino-Soviet Border Agreement.

1992

* January 9: Discovery of the Kuiper belt and the first extrasolar planets. * January 16: End of the Salvadorian Civil War. * February 7: The Maastricht Treaty creates the European Union. * February 17: A court in Milwaukee, Wisconsin sentences serial killer Jeffrey Dahmer to 15 terms of life in prison. Dahmer is murdered in prison 2 years later. * April 3: End of Fall of communism in Albania, communism in Albania. * April 6: The Bosnian War begins. * April 22: Fuel leaking into a sewer causes 1992 Guadalajara explosions, a series of explosions in Guadalajara, Mexico; 215 are killed, 1,500 injured. * April 29 – May 4: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Los Angeles riots over the acquittal of those involved in the beating of Rodney King. * May 13: Falun Gong is introduced by Li Hongzhi in China. * June 8: The first World Oceans Day is celebrated, coinciding with the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. * June 30: Fidel V. Ramos becomes President of the Philippines. * August 8: After the end of its dictatorship, South Korea is United Nations Security Council Resolution 702, admitted to the UN. * August 24 – 28: Hurricane Andrew kills 65 and causes $26.5 billion in damages in the Bahamas and the United States. * October 3: After performing a song protesting against alleged Catholic Church sexual abuse cases, Catholic Church child sexual abuse, Irish singer-songwriter Sinéad O'Connor rips up a photograph of Pope John Paul II on the US television programme ''Saturday Night Live'', causing huge controversy. * October 4: El Al Flight 1862, in which a Boeing 747 cargo aircraft of the then state-owned Israeli airline El Al crashes into the Groeneveen and Klein-Kruitberg flats in the Bijlmermeer neighbourhood of Amsterdam, resulting in 43 deaths. * October 6: Lennart Meri becomes the first President of Estonia after regaining independence. * November 25: Release date of Disney's ''Aladdin (1992 Disney film), Aladdin''. * December 18: The 1992 South Korean presidential election, South Korean presidential election is won by Kim Young-sam, the first non-military candidate elected since 1961.

1993

* January 1: Dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Velvet Divorce between Czech Republic and Slovakia. * January 20: Bill Clinton is inaugurated as President of the United States. * February 6: Death of Arthur Ashe. * February 20: Death of Ferruccio Lamborghini. * February 26: 1993 World Trade Center bombing. * February 28 – April 19: The Waco siege, the law enforcement siege of the compound that belonged to the Seventh-day Adventist religious sect Branch Davidians near Waco, Texas, carried out by the U.S. federal government, Texas state law enforcement, and the U.S. military, which results in a gunfight, a fire at the compound and 86 deaths. * March 12: 1993 Bombay bombings, Several bombs explode in Mumbai, Bombay, India, killing 257 and injuring hundreds more. * March 31: Death of Brandon Lee. * April 16: Birth of Chance the Rapper. * April 30: Tennis player Monica Seles is stabbed during a match at the 1993 Citizen Cup in Hamburg,

. * May 24: Independence of Eritrea. * June 11: Release date of Steven Spielberg's ''Jurassic Park (film), Jurassic Park''. * June 28 – 29: Two University of the Philippines Los Baños, UPLB students Eileen Sarmenta and Allan Gomez Murders of Eileen Sarmenta and Allan Gomez, were abducted and killed by the men of Calauan, Laguna Antonio Sanchez (politician), Mayor Antonio Sanchez in the

. * July 27: ** Release date of Windows NT 3.1. ** Death of Reggie Lewis. * August 24: 1993 child sexual abuse accusations against Michael Jackson. * September 13: Oslo accords end First Intifada between Israel and State of Palestine, Palestine. * September 26: The first mission in Biosphere 2 ends after two years. * October 3 – 4: Battle of Mogadishu (1993), Battle of Mogadishu leaves over 3,000-4,000 people dead. * October 4: Tanks 1993 Russian constitutional crisis, bombard the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside. * November 1: The Maastricht Treaty founds the European Union. * November 30: Release date of ''Schindler's List''. * December 2: Colombian drug lord Pablo Escobar is gunned down by police. * December 11: The Highland Towers collapse in Selangor, Malaysia, leaving 48 dead.

1994

* January 1: Establishment of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). * January 6: Birth of Catriona Gray, Miss Universe 2018. * January 17: The 6.7 1994 Northridge earthquake, Northridge earthquake strikes the Greater Los Angeles Area with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), leaving 57 people dead and more than 8,700 injured. * February 25: Cave of the Patriarchs massacre in the West Bank, a shooting massacre carried out by American-Israeli Baruch Goldstein, which resulted in 30 deaths and 125 injuries. * April 5: Suicide of Kurt Cobain. * April 6: The assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira triggers the Rwandan genocide. * April 22: Former US President Richard Nixon dies at the age of 81. * May–July: Yemeni Civil War (1994), First Yemeni Civil War. * May 1: Death of Ayrton Senna, Brazilian racing driver. * May 6: Opening of the Channel Tunnel. * May 10: End of apartheid in

and election of Nelson Mandela. * June 15: Release date of Disney's ''The Lion King''. * June 23: Release date of ''Forrest Gump''. * July 1: Plano Real introduces the new Brazilian real, real currency in Brazil. * July 2: Colombian footballer Andrés Escobar is shot dead in Medellín. * July 5: Amazon (company), Amazon founded in Bellevue, Washington by Jeff Bezos. * July 8 – 17: Death and state funeral of Kim Il-sung. Kim Jong-il becomes List of leaders of North Korea, Supreme Leader of North Korea. * September 21: Release date of Windows NT 3.5. * September 28: The Roll-on/roll-off, car ferry MS Estonia, MS ''Estonia'' sinks in the Baltic Sea, killing 852 people. * October 1: Palau gains independence from the United States. * November 5: George Foreman wins the World Boxing Association, WBA and International Boxing Federation, IBF World Heavyweight Championships by KO'ing Michael Moorer becoming the oldest List of heavyweight boxing champions, heavyweight champion in history. * November 8: George W. Bush is elected Governor of Texas. * December 3: Release date of the PlayStation (console), PlayStation in Japan. * December 6: Birth of Giannis Antetokounmpo, basketball player for the Milwaukee Bucks. * December 11: The First Chechen War begins. * December 14: Construction of the Three Gorges Dam begins in Hubei, China. * Rise of a wave of Palestinian terrorist attacks in Israel.

1995

* January 1: ** Establishment of the World Trade Organization. ** Austria,

and Sweden join the European Union. * January 10 – 16: List of pastoral visits of Pope John Paul II, Second pastoral and state visit of Pope John Paul II in the Philippines, coinciding with the World Youth Day 1995, 10th World Youth Day (WYD) and marking the fourth centenary of the Archdiocese of Manila and the Dioceses of Diocese of Cebu, Cebu, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cáceres, Caceres and Diocese of Nueva Segovia, Nueva Segovia. * January 17: A 6.9 Great Hanshin earthquake strikes the southern Hyōgo Prefecture of Japan with a maximum Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale, Shindo of VII, leaving 5,502–6,434 people dead, and 251,301–310,000 displaced. * January 25: A rocket launched from the space exploration centre at Andøya, Norway, is briefly interpreted by the Russians as an Norwegian rocket incident, incoming attack. * March 14: Astronaut Norman Thagard becomes the first American to ride into space aboard a Russian launch vehicle (the ''Soyuz TM-21''), lifting off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. * March 17: Flor Contemplacion, a household worker convicted of murder by the High Court of Singapore, High Court of Singapore, is executed, causing diplomatic tensions between the Philippines–Singapore relations, Philippines and Singapore. * March 20: The Tokyo subway sarin attack, an act of domestic terrorism perpetrated by members of the doomsday cult movement Aum Shinrikyo (now Aleph), in which they released sarin, an extremely toxic synthetic compound, in five coordinated attacks, resulting in 13 deaths and 6,252 injuries. * March 25: Boxer Mike Tyson is released from prison after serving nearly 3 years. * March 31: Murder of Selena. * April 7: Release date of Disney's ''Pocahontas (1995 film), Pocahontas''. * April 19: American terrorist Timothy McVeigh bombs the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. * May 14: The Tenzin Gyatso, Dalai Lama proclaims 6-year-old Gedhun Choekyi Nyima as the 11th reincarnation of the Panchen Lama. * May 18: Release date of ''Braveheart''. * June 29: The Sampoong Department Store collapse, a structural failure in a department store in Seoul, South Korea, kills 502 people and injures other 1,445. * July 11 – 22: The Srebrenica massacre of over 8,000 Bosniak Muslim men and boys. * July 21: The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis begins. * August–September: NATO Operation Deliberate Force, bombing raids in Bosnia end the Bosnian War. * August 24: Release date of Windows 95. * September 3: eBay is founded by Pierre Omidyar. * September 9: Release date of the PlayStation (console), PlayStation in North America. * September 19: ''The Washington Post'' and ''The New York Times'' publish the Unabomber manifesto. * September 28: Oslo II Accord. * October 3: O. J. Simpson is found not guilty of double murder for the deaths of former wife Nicole Simpson and Ronald Goldman in 1994. * October 16: The Million Man March is held in Washington, D.C. The event was conceived by Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan. * October 20: The first broadcast of ''Bubble Gang'' airs on GMA Network. * October–November: Typhoon Angela leaves the

and Vietnam devastated, with 882 deaths and United States dollar, US$315 million in damage. * November 4: Assassination of Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli Prime Minister and Defence Minister, by Yigal Amir, an Israeli right-wing extremist. * November 22: Premiere of ''Toy Story'', the first computer-animated feature film and the first Pixar Animation Studios film. * December 14: The signing of the Dayton Accords put an end to the three-and-a-half-year-long Bosnian War. * The North Korean famine begins.

1996

* January 5: Assassination of Yahya Ayyash. * January 9 – 20: Serious fighting breaks out between Russian soldiers and rebel fighters in Chechnya. * February 13: Nepalese Civil War begins. * February 25: Murder of Haing S. Ngor. * March 9: Death of George Burns. * March 18: The Ozone Disco fire, Ozone Disco Club fire in Quezon City,

, kills 162 people. * March 23: The Third Taiwan Strait Crisis ends. * March 26: Birth of Kathryn Bernardo, Filipna actress. * April 3: The FBI arrested Theodore Kaczynski, the suspected Unabomber at his cabin in Lincoln, Montana. * April 28 – 29: The Port Arthur massacre (Australia), Port Arthur massacre in Tasmania, Australia leaves 35 people dead, leading to tighter gun regulations in Australia. * May 10: A 1996 Mount Everest disaster, sudden storm engulfs Mount Everest with several climbing teams high on the mountain, leaving eight people dead. By the end of the month, at least four other climbers die in the worst season of fatalities on the mountain to date. * May 11: After takeoff from Miami, a fire started by improperly handled oxygen canisters in the cargo hold of Atlanta, Georgia, Atlanta-bound ValuJet Flight 592 causes the Douglas DC-9 to crash in the Everglades, Florida Everglades, killing all 110 people on board. * June 7: Release date of ''The Rock (film), The Rock''. * June 23: Release date of the Nintendo 64 video game console in Japan. * July 3: Release date of ''Independence Day (1996 film), Independence Day''. * July 5: Dolly (sheep), Dolly the sheep becomes the first successful cloned mammal. * July 17: TWA Flight 800 crash. * July 27: Centennial Olympic Park bombing. * August 1: Sarah Balabagan, an Overseas Filipino Worker, OFW who was accused of killing an Arab employee, is freed. * August 24: Release date of Windows NT 4.0. * August 31: The First Chechen War ends. * September 2: 1996 Final Peace Agreement, A permanent peace agreement is signed at the Malacañan Palace between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front. * September 7: Murder of Tupac Shakur. * September 27: The Taliban government takes control of Afghanistan, creating the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. * September 29: The Nintendo 64 is released in North America. * October 24: The First Congo War begins. * November 1: Release of DVD in Japan. * December 26: Killing of JonBenét Ramsey. * End of dictatorship in Taiwan. * Increasing terrorist attacks in Israel.

1997

* January–August: The Albanian Civil War (Lottery Uprising), sparked by pyramid scheme failures, in which the government was toppled, with new parliamentary elections, and more than 2,000 people killed. * February 4: 1997 Israeli helicopter disaster, when two Israeli Air Force transport helicopters ferrying Israeli soldiers into Israel's security zone in southern Lebanon collided in mid-air, killing all 73 Israeli military personnel on board. * February 28: Two robbers, wearing kevlar body armor, and armed with AK-47s containing armor-piercing bullets, North Hollywood shootout, injured 17 police officers and civilians in a gun battle. * March 9: Murder of Christopher Wallace, Murder of Biggie Smalls, American hip-hop artist. * March 13: Island of Peace massacre, a mass murder attack that occurred at the Island of Peace on the Israeli-Jordanian border, in which 7 people were killed and 6 injured. * March 24 – 26: 39 Heaven's Gate (religious group), Heaven's Gate cultists commit mass suicide at their compound in San Diego, California. * March 31: The first episode of ''Teletubbies'' airs on

...

. * April 1: The first episode of ''Pokémon (TV series), Pokémon'' airs on TV Tokyo. * April 22: A Japanese embassy hostage crisis, 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru. * May 2: Tony Blair becomes Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. * May 17: Laurent-Désiré Kabila, Kabila ousts Mobutu; Zaire becomes the Democratic Republic of the Congo. * May 21: Radiohead release ''OK Computer''. * June 21: The Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) plays its first game at The Forum (Inglewood, California), The Great Western Forum in Los Angeles. * June 25: J. K. Rowling publishes ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone''. * June 27: Release date of Disney's ''Hercules (1997 film), Hercules''. * July 1: Transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong from the United Kingdom to China. * July 2: 1997 Asian financial crisis, The Bank of Thailand floats the baht, triggering the Asian financial crisis. * July 15: Fashion designer Gianni Versace is murdered by Andrew Cunanan. * July 17: The F. W. Woolworth Company closes after 117 years in business. * August 2: The First Liberian Civil War ends. * August 29: Netflix is launched. * August 31: Death of Diana, Princess of Wales, Diana, Princess of Wales is killed in a car accident in Paris. * September 5: Death of Mother Teresa. * November 17: 62 people are Luxor massacre, killed by 6 Islamic militants outside the Temple of Hatshepsut in Luxor, Egypt. * December 19: Release date of ''Titanic (1997 film), Titanic''. * Sound barrier broken on land.

1998

* January 31: Release date of ''Ring (film), Ring''. * February: Osama bin Laden publishes a fatwa against the West. * February 2: Cebu Pacific Cebu Pacific Flight 387, Flight 387 crashes on the slopes between Mount Sumagaya and Mount Lumot in Claveria, Misamis Oriental, killing all 104 people on board. * February 3: A United States military pilot causes the deaths of 20 people near Trento, Italy, when his low-flying EA-6B Prowler 1998 Cavalese cable car crash, severs the cable of a cable-car. * February 28: A Lancet MMR autism fraud, study led by Andrew Wakefield is published in ''The Lancet'' suggesting an alleged link between MMR vaccine and autism. Now known to be full of Lancet MMR autism fraud#Developing scandal, data manipulation, the study was instantly controversial and fueled the nascent anti-vaccination movement. * April 10: The Good Friday Agreement brings an end to The Troubles in Northern Ireland. * April 15: Death of Pol Pot. * May 4 – 15: May 1998 riots of Indonesia, Riots in Indonesia, including incidents of mass violence, demonstrations, and civil unrest of a racial nature, result in the Fall of Suharto and the independence of East Timor. * May 14: Death of Frank Sinatra. * May 28: Murder of Phil Hartman. * June 6: The first episode of ''Sex and the City'' airs on HBO. * June 27: Kuala Lumpur International Airport officially opens, becoming the new international gateway into Malaysia. * June 30: Joseph Estrada becomes President of the Philippines. * July 12: France national football team, France beats Brazil national football team, Brazil 3–0 in the 1998 FIFA World Cup Final, FIFA World Cup Final. * July 17: Nicholas II of Russia and his family are buried in St. Catherine Chapel, 80 years after he and his family were killed by the

in 1918. * July 24: ** Russell Eugene Weston Jr. enters the United States Capitol Building and 1998 United States Capitol shooting, opens fire, killing two members of the United States Capitol Police, Jacob Chestnut and John Gibson (police officer), John Gibson. ** Release date of ''Saving Private Ryan''. * August 2: The Second Congo War begins. * August 7: 1998 United States embassy bombings, Kenya and Tanzania bombings. * August 15: Omagh bombing. * September 4: Google is founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin. * September 21: Death of Florence Griffith Joyner. * September 28: Release date of ''...Baby One More Time (album), ...Baby One More Time''. * October 12: Murder of Matthew Shepard. * October 21: Release date of Nintendo's Game Boy Color handheld console in Japan. * October 29: Former astronaut John Glenn returns to space, as a payload specialist. * October–November: Hurricane Mitch leaves more than 19,325 dead in Central America as a result of catastrophic flooding and mudslides. * November 17: Release date of Nintendo's Game Boy Color handheld console in North America. * November 20: A Russian Proton (rocket family), Proton rocket is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, carrying the first segment of the International Space Station, the 21-ton Zarya Module. * November 22: Birth of Jane de Leon, Filipna actress who was known for her portrayal of Darna in the Darna (2022 TV series), 2022 Philippine television series of the same name. * November 27: Sega releases the Dreamcast video game console in Japan. * December 19: The impeachment of Bill Clinton begins as a result of the Clinton–Lewinsky scandal. * December 20: Birth of Kylian Mbappé, Association football, football player for the Paris Saint-Germain F.C.. * The North Korean famine has killed an estimated 2.5 million people by this point.

1999

* January 1: Euro introduced to the financial markets. Coins and banknotes enter circulation in participating countries in 2002. * January 31: The first episode of ''Family Guy'' airs on Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox. * February 2: Hugo Chavez becomes President of Venezuela. * February 5: Rape convict Leo Echegaray is executed by lethal injection at the National Penitentiary in Muntinlupa; becoming Capital punishment in the Philippines, the first Filipino to be meted the sentence since the country's last public execution in 1976 and the reinstatement of the death penalty in 1993; also first execution by that method. * April: A 1999 East Timorese crisis, crisis in East Timor, which led to 1,400 deaths, begins. * April 20: The Columbine High School massacre in Colorado, United States, causes 15 deaths. * April 21: The Second Liberian Civil War begins. * May 1: The first episode of ''SpongeBob SquarePants'' airs on Nickelodeon. * May–July: The Kargil War, Fourth Indo-Pakistani War. * June 11: The end of the Kosovo War ends the Yugoslav Wars. * June 18: Release date of Disney's ''Tarzan (1999 film), Tarzan''. * July 16: John F. Kennedy Jr. plane crash. * August 3: At least 58 people die and hundreds of homes are buried in 1999 Cherry Hills subdivision landslide, a massive landslide in Cherry Hills subdivision in Antipolo, Rizal, which has caused by the heavy rains brought by Typhoon Olga (1999), Typhoon Olga. * August 26: The Second Chechen War begins. * September 3 – 16: Russian apartment bombings kill more than 350 people. * September 9: Sega releases the Dreamcast video game console in North America. * October 5: Thirty-one people die in the Ladbroke Grove rail crash, west of London, England. * October 12:

The Day of Six Billion, reaches 6 billion. * October 31: EgyptAir Flight 990, travelling from New York City to Cairo, crashes off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, killing all 217 on board. * November 30: ExxonMobil founded. * December 3: Tori Murden becomes the first woman to cross the Atlantic Ocean by rowboat alone, when she reaches Guadeloupe from the Canary Islands. * December 20: The sovereignty of Macau is Transfer of the sovereignty of Macau, transferred from the Portuguese Republic to the People's Republic of China after 442 years of Portuguese settlement. * December 31: ** Vladimir Putin becomes the President of Russia. ** The U.S. turns over complete administration of the

to the Panamanian Government, as stipulated in the Torrijos–Carter Treaties of 1977.

2000s (decade), 2000s

2000

* January 1: The first day of the 3rd millennium is mistakenly celebrated on New Year's Day (3rd millennium actually began in 2001), though not without century, dispute. * February 9: Torrential rains in Africa lead to the 2000 Mozambique flood, worst flooding in Mozambique in 50 years, which lasts until March and kills 800 people. * February 29: A rare century leap year date occurs. * March 12: Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II#Apologies, apologizes for the wrongdoings by members of the Roman Catholic Church throughout the ages. * March 17: 778 members of the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God 2000 Uganda mass death, die in Uganda. * April 30: The Canonization of Faustina Kowalska occurs in the presence of 200,000 people and the first Divine Mercy Sunday celebrated worldwide. * March 4: The Sony PlayStation 2 releases in Japan. The system would go on to become the highest-selling video game console in history, selling over 155 million units around the world before being discontinued in 2013. * April–September: Abu Sayyaf gunmen 2000 Sipadan kidnappings, seized 21 people including 10 tourists and 11 resort workers, two of them Filipinos, from the resort island of Sipadan, Malaysia. * April 19: Air Philippines Air Philippines Flight 541, Flight 541 explodes and crashes into a coconut plantation in Samal, Davao del Norte, Island Garden City of Samal, killing all 131 people on board. * May: End of Israeli occupation of Lebanon. * May 5: The ILOVEYOU computer virus affects Windows computers and spreads fast. * May 6: The British Army launches Operation Palliser which effectively ends the Sierra Leone Civil War. * May 11: India becomes the second country to reach 1 billion people. * June 10: President of Syria, Syrian President Hafez al-Assad dies. * June 13 – 15: 2000 inter-Korean summit, the first inter-Korean summit. * June 15: Premiere of Disney's ''Fantasia 2000''. * June 17: A 2000 Iceland earthquakes, centennial earthquake (6.5 on the Richter magnitude scale, Richter scale) hits Iceland on its national day. * June 28: Elián González returns to

with his father, Juan Miguel González, ending a protracted custody battle. * July 1: The Øresund Bridge between Denmark and Sweden is officially opened for traffic. * July 7: The draft assembly of Human Genome Project is announced at the White House by US President Bill Clinton, Francis Collins, and Craig Venter. * July 9: Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine forces Battle of Camp Abubakar, capture the main camp of Moro Islamic Liberation Front, MILF, Camp Abubakar in Mindanao. * July 10: At least 218 people are killed, about 700 are missing and presumed dead, and about 800 shanties are buried in a Payatas landslide, collapse of a dumpsite, destabilized by torrential rains caused by tropical cyclones, in Payatas, Quezon City. * July 14: A powerful solar flare, later named the Bastille Day solar storm, Bastille Day event, causes a geomagnetic storm on Earth. * July 17: Bashar al-Assad becomes President of Syria. * July 25: Air France Flight 4590 crashes into a hotel in Gonesse, France just after takeoff from Paris, killing all 109 aboard and 4 in the hotel. * August 12: The Russian submarine ''Russian submarine Kursk (K-141), Kursk'' Kursk submarine disaster, sinks in the Barents Sea during one of the largest Russian naval exercises since the 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union, resulting in the deaths of all 118 men on board. * September 6 – 8: The Millennium Summit, a meeting among many world leaders at the United Nations headquarters in New York City with the purpose of discussing the role of the United Nations at the turn of the 21st century. * September 10: Operation Barras, A British military operation to free five soldiers from the Royal Irish Regiment (1992), Royal Irish Regiment that were held captive for over two weeks during the Sierra Leone Civil War, all of which were rescued. * September 13: Steve Jobs introduces the Mac OS X Public Beta, public beta of macOS, Mac OS X for US$29.95. * September 26: The Greek ferry ''MS Express Samina, Express Samina'' sinks off the coast of the island of Paros; 80 out of a total of over 500 passengers perish in one of Greece's worst sea disasters. * September 28: The Second Intifada begins. * September 29: HM Prison Maze, a prison used to incarcerate members of illegal paramilitaries during the Troubles in Northern Ireland closes as a result of the Good Friday Agreement. * October 5: Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević, President of Yugoslavia. * October 12: al-Qaeda suicide bombs the , killing 17 sailors, injuring 39 others, and damaging the ship. * October 26: Release date of the Sony PlayStation 2 in North America. * December 1: Vicente Fox becomes the first opposition President of Mexico, ending 71 years of single-party rule in the nation. * November 2: First long-term residents (Expedition 1) of the International Space Station, whose first component was launched in 1998. * November 7: George W. Bush is elected

, after a contentious 2000 United States presidential election recount in Florida, recount in Florida. * November 13: The impeachment of Joseph Estrada begins as a result of the Juetengate scandal. * December 25: The Luoyang Christmas fire at a shopping center in China kills 309 people. * December 30: Rizal Day bombings, Multiple terrorist bombings in Metro Manila occurs on Rizal Day, killing 22 people and injuring more than 120 others.

References

{{Reflist 20th century, * Contemporary history timelines, * 20th-century timelines, Historical timelines, *

1900s The 1900s may refer to: * 1900s (decade) File:1900s decademontage2.png, 420px, From left, clockwise: The Wright brothers achieve the first manned flight with a motorized airplane, in Kitty Hawk in 1903; A missionary points to the severed hand ...

1901 Events January * January 1 – The British colonies of New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia federate as the Commonwealth of Australia; Edmund Barton becomes the first Prime Minist ...

1902 Events January * January 1 ** The Nurses Registration Act 1901 comes into effect in New Zealand, making it the first country in the world to require state registration of nurses. On January 10, Ellen Dougherty becomes the world' ...

1903 Events January * January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India. * January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England (the first east–west broadcast having bee ...

1904 Events January * January 7 – The distress signal ''CQD'' is established, only to be replaced 2 years later by ''SOS''. * January 8 – The Blackstone Library is dedicated, marking the beginning of the Chicago Public Library syst ...

1905 As the second year of the massive Russo-Japanese War begins, more than 100,000 die in the largest world battles of that era, and the war chaos leads to the 1905 Russian Revolution against Nicholas II of Russia ( Shostakovich's 11th Symphony ...

1906 Events January–February * January 12 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in Persia forces the shah Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar to grant a constitution, ...

1907 Events January * January 14 – 1907 Kingston earthquake: A 6.5 Mw earthquake in Kingston, Jamaica, kills between 800 and 1,000. February * February 11 – The French warship ''Jean Bart'' sinks off the coast of Morocco ...

1909 Events January–February * January 4 – Explorer Aeneas Mackintosh of the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition escaped death by fleeing across ice floes. * January 7 – Colombia recognizes the independence of Panama. * Jan ...

1910s File:1910s montage.png, From left, clockwise: The Ford Model T is introduced and becomes widespread; The sinking of the ''RMS Titanic'' causes the deaths of nearly 1,500 people and attracts global and historical attention; Title bar: All the ev ...

1910 Events January * January 13 – The first public radio broadcast takes place; live performances of the operas '' Cavalleria rusticana'' and ''Pagliacci'' are sent out over the airwaves, from the Metropolitan Opera House in New York C ...

1911 A notable ongoing event was the Comparison of the Amundsen and Scott Expeditions, race for the South Pole. Events January * January 1 – A decade after federation, the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital Territory ...

1913 Events January * January 5 – First Balkan War: Battle of Lemnos – Greek admiral Pavlos Kountouriotis forces the Turkish fleet to retreat to its base within the Dardanelles, from which it will not venture for the rest of the ...

1914 This year saw the beginning of what became known as World War I, after Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the Austrian throne was Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, assassinated by Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip. It als ...

1915 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January – British physicist Sir Joseph Larmor publishes his observations on "The Influence of Local Atmospheric Cooling on Astronomical Refraction". * January ...

1916 Events Below, the events of the First World War have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 1 – The British Royal Army Medical Corps carries out the first successful blood transfusion, using blood that had been stored and cooled. * J ...

1917 Events Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix. January * January 9 – WWI – Battle of Rafa: The last substantial Ottoman Army garrison on the Sinai Peninsula is captured by the Egyptian Expeditionary Fo ...

1919 Events January * January 1 ** The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. ** HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...

1920s File:1920s decade montage.png, From left, clockwise: Third Tipperary Brigade Flying Column No. 2 under Seán Hogan during the Irish War of Independence; Prohibition agents destroying barrels of alcohol in accordance to the 18th amendment, which ...

1923 Events January–February * January 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region (Memel Territory). * January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area, t ...

1924 Events January * January 12 – Gopinath Saha shoots Ernest Day, whom he has mistaken for Sir Charles Tegart, the police commissioner of Calcutta, and is arrested soon after. * January 20– 30 – Kuomintang in China holds ...

1925 Events January * January 1 ** The Syrian Federation is officially dissolved, the State of Aleppo and the State of Damascus having been replaced by the State of Syria. * January 3 – Benito Mussolini makes a pivotal speech in the Itali ...

1926 Events January * January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece. * January 8 **Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz. ** Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne, the last monarch of Viet ...

1927 Events January * January 1 – The British Broadcasting ''Company'' becomes the British Broadcasting ''Corporation'', when its Royal Charter of incorporation takes effect. John Reith becomes the first Director-General. * January 7 ...

1929 This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...

1930 Events January * January 15 – The Moon moves into its nearest point to Earth, called perigee, at the same time as its fullest phase of the Lunar Cycle. This is the closest moon distance at in recent history, and the next one will b ...

1931 Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir I ...

1932 Events January * January 4 – The British authorities in India arrest and intern Mahatma Gandhi and Vallabhbhai Patel. * January 9 – Sakuradamon Incident: Korean nationalist Lee Bong-chang fails in his effort to assassinate Emperor Hiro ...

1934 Events January–February * January 1 – The International Telecommunication Union, a specialist agency of the League of Nations, is established. * January 15 – The 8.0 Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maxi ...

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1919 Events January * January 1 The Czechoslovak Legions occupy much of the self-proclaimed "free city" of Pressburg (now Bratislava), enforcing its incorporation into the new republic of Czechoslovakia. HMY ''Iolaire'' sinks off the ...

1926 Events January * January 3 – Theodoros Pangalos declares himself dictator in Greece. * January 8 Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud is crowned King of Hejaz. Crown Prince Nguyễn Phúc Vĩnh Thuy ascends the throne, the last monarch of Viet ...